2024-03-29T07:56:18Zhttps://thescholarship.ecu.edu/oai/requestoai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/69572021-03-03T21:18:57Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122col_10342_56col_10342_124
“WHEN THIS HAPPENS AGAIN�: ANALYZING COMMUNITY PERSPECTIVES OF FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO REPEATED DISASTER VULNERABILITY AND THEIR IMPACT ON RECOVERY
Alexander, William
Mathews, Holly F.
Anthropology
Grace-McCaskey, Cynthia
Griffith, David Craig
Viren, Paige
Disaster Vulnerability
Hurricanes
Contextualization
Community Healing
Adaptation
Disaster Cycles
Storm-related flooding is one of the greatest disaster risks facing communities in eastern North Carolina. After flood events, communities of limited means may be incapable of pushing for reconstruction agendas that increase their disaster resilience. Recovery efforts driven by the agendas of outside agencies can perpetuate the pre-disaster status quo and result in a state of continued disaster vulnerability, highlighting the need for recoveries focused on the needs and viewpoints of the afflicted communities. Recently, the town of Windsor, NC has dealt with four floods reaching the 500-year flood stage. Data from participant observation and in-depth interviews with 16 stakeholders in Windsor are used to explore issues inhibiting long-term recovery. Specifically, I argue that part of the failure is due to a political power structure that favors assistance to regions with greater economic growth at the expense of economically vulnerable populations. Second, I show how repeated disaster trauma and disruptions to the recovery cycle have led many residents to distrust external agencies, misidentify the factors and risks for repeated flooding, and doubt the ability of the community to recover. I hypothesize that this attitudinal cluster is another key factor that mitigates against long-term recovery by inhibiting community building mechanisms. The goal of the research is to propose a more inclusive and holistic recovery model that addresses community viewpoints, actively seeks to create mutually beneficial relationships between residents and external agencies during recovery efforts, and views disaster recovery as a single step in a system that promotes community health and reduces vulnerability.
2018-08-14
2019-02-26
2018-08
2018-07-31
August 201
2018-08-09
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/6957
en
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/42422022-12-05T19:12:27Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122com_10342_2col_10342_56col_10342_124col_10342_8858
A Mortuary Analysis of the Structure 7 Cemetery at Town Creek, a Mississippian Site in the Piedmont of North Carolina
Rosenwinkel, Heidi
Boudreaux, Edmond A., III, 1971-
Anthropology
Archaeology
Native American studies
Cultural anthropology
Cemeteries
Mississippian
Mortuary
North Carolina
Piedmont
Town Creek is a prehistoric Native American site in central North Carolina. The Mississippian period occupation, from about A.D. 1150-1350, saw the most intensive use of the site. The community transformed from a residential village during the first half of the occupation to a necropolis later on. The cemeteries were created within the original public and domestic structures, the largest of which is Structure 7, the focus of this thesis. According to historic accounts of Southeastern Indian groups, communities were comprised of ranked clans made up of multiple kin groups that maintained separate household spaces. Through visual analysis and the spatial analysis of the distribution of burial attributes that include burial depth, age, sex, grave goods, body positioning and body orientation, I identify five spatially discrete groups within the Structure 7 cemetery. I argue that these five groups represent smaller social groups within the clan. The first group is a Central Square cluster that includes key members from the smaller social groups in the cemetery. There burials were arranged in a square, a formation repeated throughout Southeastern Indian ideology and site architecture. A small, Central cluster enclosed by the Central Square cluster, is consistent with ritual activity, as the interred are all children without any grave goods or other distinguishing attributes. A cluster in the northern part of the cemetery is made up entirely of adult males and children. This Northern cluster is interpreted as a politically-based grouping, as adult males most often held positions of political power in historic native groups. The children interred are likely kin or youth in line for positions of significant social status. Alternatively, they could represent ritual offerings associated with the interments of the adult males. Adult males, adult females, and children were found in the Southeastern and Southwestern clusters, which led to their interpretation as kin groups. Each of these groups was distinguishable through the distribution of specific artifact types and body positioning. The presence of all five of these groups contributed to the 50 person burial population in Structure 7, making it the largest cemetery at Town Creek. Its large size indicates that those interred in the Structure 7 cemetery were part of the largest and /or longest lasting group in the Town Creek community. Should other clans at Town Creek have had similar organization, the burial attribute patterning identified through this analysis may assist in the interpretation of other cemeteries at the site. Â
2013-08-24
2013-08-24
2013
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/4242
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/115002022-10-13T07:15:58Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1col_10342_56
The Content and Structure of Reputation Domains Across 2 Human Societies: A View from the Evolutionary Social Sciences
Schacht, Ryan
Garfield, Zachary H.
Post, Emily R.
Ingram, Dominique
Uehling, Andrea
Macfarlan, Shane J.
Reputation
Prosociality
Cross-Cultural Analysis
2022-10-12
2022-10-12
2021
Article
0962-8436
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/11500
10.1098/rstb.2020.0296
en_US
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/38822022-12-13T18:52:12Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122com_10342_2col_10342_56col_10342_124col_10342_8858
Archaeological Survey of Historic Bath : Locating the Early Eighteenth-Century Colonial Settlements in North Carolina's First Town
Flood, Lindsay N.
Ewen, Charles R., 1956-
Anthropology
Archaeology
Colonial North Carolina
Historical archaeology
Historic Bath was the first town to be incorporated in North Carolina. Following its incorporation on March 8, 1705, many individuals purchased property in the town, including a number of prominent figures who were influential in North Carolina's early history. Based on historical records, it is thought that much of the ownership in the early days of Bath was speculative, and not all of the property owners in the early eighteenth century resided in the town. The goal of the large-scale archaeological survey presented in this thesis was to determine which lots were occupied in the early eighteenth century. This research employed a `presence/absence' type of analysis, using temporally-diagnostic ceramics as an indicator of early eighteenth-century occupation. The survey revealed evidence for early eighteenth-century activity throughout the town, indicating widespread occupation in the early colonial period of Historic Bath. Results have been separated by their respective lot and their priority for further archeological research. Additional archaeological investigations can provide a more comprehensive picture of everyday life in Historic Bath and the roles of the individual inhabitants within the social structure of the town and the colony as a whole. Â
2012-05-20
2012-05-20
2012
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3882
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/29082022-12-05T19:12:42Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122com_10342_2col_10342_56col_10342_124col_10342_8858
A Synthesis of the Prehistoric Archaeological Investigations of Lake Phelps, Washington County, North Carolina
Pierce, Greg
Boudreaux, Edmond A., III, 1971-
Anthropology
Anthropology
Archaeology
During the mid-1980s, visitors and staff at Pettigrew State Park in Washington County, North Carolina discovered a series of prehistoric dugout canoes and associated artifacts in and around Lake Phelps. Beginning in 1985, archaeological investigations were undertaken at Lake Phelps to locate and identify prehistoric canoes. They also conducted a series of surveys aimed at collecting and identifying prehistoric artifacts. The work in these areas led to the discovery of 23 canoes, 19 of which have been radiocarbon dated, and the recovery of 5829 prehistoric artifacts. After these initial investigations, few archaeological investigations have been undertaken at Lake Phelps. Over the next 25 years the lake was only revisited five times, and all of this work focused primarily on the canoes.   This changed in 2007 when low lake levels again led to the discovery of a significant amount of cultural material. This caused a renewed interest in the prehistory of Lake Phelps, and it was the catalyst for this thesis project. At the request of the North Carolina Department of Parks and Recreation, I conducted a research project focused on the prehistoric occupation of Lake Phelps. This project had four main objectives. The first was to locate and integrate all of the previous research from the lake. These documents were held by a variety of agencies, many of which were unaware of the existence of outside documents. With the data from the Lake Phelps archaeological investigations spread about in this manner, it prevented an accurate and inclusive evaluation of the work done at Lake Phelps. The consolidation of these data in this thesis allows for a complete and detailed evaluation of the prehistoric occupation of the lake. This thesis also presents materials collected during fieldwork designed to fill in gaps in the data. This fieldwork consisted of a survey of portions of site 31WH12. This survey completed the controlled collection of the entire site that was begun in the 1980s. The material from the survey was analyzed and integrated with that of the previous work. All of the data from Lake Phelps are used to define spatial and temporal patterns in the prehistoric occupation of Lake Phelps. These patterns are used to generate a culture history for Lake Phelps. The final step of the project uses this model to generate a context for future work on the lake.  The results of the re-examination of the Lake Phelps data reveal a prehistoric occupation that began in the Late Paleoindian and lasted until the Late Woodland period, with the lake being abandoned before Europeans reached the region in the Eighteenth century. Archaeological investigations also show reveal four distinct areas of prehistoric occupation on the northern and western shores of Lake Phelps. An examination of the artifacts and canoes found in these occupational areas shows that they were used differentially throughout time, in many cases reflecting the larger regional settlement pattern trends seen across the rest of the North Carolina coastal plain. Â
2010-09-16
2011-05-17
2010-09-16
2011-05-17
2010
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/2908
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/68002022-12-13T18:55:44Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_2col_10342_56col_10342_8858
FORT BRANCH, HAMILTON COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA: RESEARCH DESIGN AND SITE MANAGEMENT PLAN
Heinrich, Keith T.
Ewen, Charles R., 1956-
Anthropology
The purpose of this thesis is to produce a research design and a site management
plan for Fort Branch, a National Register-listed Confederate earthwork on Rainbow Bend
in Martin County, North Carolina. The thesis discusses the history of Fort Branch,
starting with a history of the Civil War in eastern North Carolina, to provide a context for
the fort’s construction. A specific history of the fort discusses the defenses of Rainbow
Bend and their eventual evolution into what is now Fort Branch. The research design
uses the historical and archaeological background to formulate site-specific
archaeological questions and uses case studies of Civil War archaeology to ensure that
research at Fort Branch is placed within the context of Civil War archaeology. Previous
archaeology, the archaeology of fort construction, an archaeological survey of the site,
the archaeology of skirmishes, the archaeology of encampment, landscape studies, and
the historic cemetery are discussed in this thesis. This research is important because it
will provide the Fort Branch Battlefield Commission with ways to better interpret the
battlefield, enhance its mission of preservation and restoration, and provide ways that the
site can be protected for future generations.
2018-06-18
2018-06-18
2004-06
Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/6800
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/76232021-03-03T21:25:59Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122col_10342_56col_10342_124
HOW WOMEN IN THE ANDEAN HIGHLANDS OF PERU USE RELIGION TO MAKE HEALTHCARE DECISIONS
Cullen, Chelsea E
Griffith, David, 1951-
Anthropology
Religious syncretism is common in Andean highlands. Andean highland women and key informants were interviewed to study the influence Christianity has exerted on women's choice of medical care, i.e. modern medicine vs. traditional medicine. The data were collected during a summer study abroad program in the Callejon de Huaylas of Peru. The overall goal of the project has been to understand the influence that Spanish colonization and Christianity has had on how local women make healthcare decisions. Andean women are marginalized in Andean society and must manage the combined stresses of the household and intensive agricultural practices.
2020-02-04
2020-02-04
2019-05
2019-08-23
May 2019
2020-01-29
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/7623
en
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/68032021-03-03T21:17:59Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1col_10342_56
Personal Barriers to Seeking Diabetes Self-Management Education in Pitt County, North Carolina
Turney, Kenley
Mathews, Holly F
Anthropology
2018-06-18
2018-06-18
2014-03
Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/6803
en
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/59242021-03-03T21:08:29Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122com_10342_2col_10342_56col_10342_124col_10342_8858
A Spatial Analysis of Bounded Cemeteries at the Town Creek Site (AD 1150-1400) in the Southern Piedmont of North Carolina
Ford, Paige
Daniel, I. Randolph
Anthropology
Previous mortuary studies have explored the links between the presence of bounded cemeteries and the existence of corporate groups within ancient communities. This thesis examines two cemeteries at Town Creek, a Mississippian civic-ceremonial center located in the southern Piedmont of North Carolina that was occupied from approximately AD 1150-1400. The site consists of a platform mound and central plaza surrounded by archaeological features indicative of kin group cemeteries. The spatial distribution of individuals, artifacts, and select burial attributes within each cemetery are used to investigate variability between groups, and to place these groups within the context of the site's history. Analysis suggests the presence of distinct sub-groups of burials within each cemetery, and comparisons among cemeteries suggest that considerable variation in spatial arrangement occurred among cemeteries. Through examination and comparison of the internal structure of such spatially discrete areas, archaeologists can continue to investigate the creation of social memory and identity of corporate kin groups as a method of understanding connections to economic and political control.
2016-08-26
2016-08-26
2016-05
2016-07-25
May 2016
2016-08-25
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/5924
en
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/42402022-11-30T15:07:20Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122col_10342_56col_10342_124
Exploring Cultural Influences and Moral Experiences Behind Mental Illness Stigma in the U.S. Army
Handloff, Jessica R.
Avenarius, Christine
Anthropology
Cultural anthropology
During recent conflicts in which the United States military is engaged, research exposed the high number of conflict veterans suffering from behavioral health problems. Existing research primarily focuses on the individual psychological processes of those suffering from mental disorders and the perceived barriers to care, the most salient of which is fear of stigmatization (Hoge et al. 2004, Ouimette et al. 2011). In order to explore mental illness stigma from the unique perspective of U.S. military service members, data were collected during semi-structured interviews with ten active duty U.S. Army officers and nine East Carolina University Reserve Officers' Training Corps (ROTC) cadets. Personal semantic analysis and narrative analysis revealed that army officers demonstrate strong cognitive links between physical fitness and behavioral health. They also experience an acute awareness of top-down pressure regarding job performance leading to fear of mental illness affecting accomplishment of duties and tasks. It is contradictory that the unwillingness to seek professional treatment coincides with the expressed need to support and encourage others to do so. Â
2013-08-24
2013
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/4240
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/67982021-03-03T21:17:56Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_2col_10342_56col_10342_8858
A Distribution of Archaic Projectile Points across the coastal plain of North Carolina
Cooke, John P
Daniel, I. Randolph
Anthropology
2018-06-18
2018-06-18
2000-07
Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/6798
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/50952022-12-13T18:51:46Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122com_10342_2col_10342_56col_10342_124col_10342_8858
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF A POTENTIAL TAVERN SITE IN JACKSON, NORTH CAROLINA
Thomas, Katherine D.
Ewen, Charles R., 1956-
Anthropology
American history
Colonial
Mean ceramic date
pipestems
Residents of Jackson, North Carolina have found what they believe to be an 18th century tavern site. This thesis assesses this claim by comparing those artifacts to the artifacts at Wetherburn’s Tavern in Colonial Williamsburg and the Palmer-Marsh cellar in Bath, North Carolina in addition to tavern criteria created by Kathleen Bragdon. The artifacts are dated using Mean Ceramic Date, Terminus Post Quem, and pipestems. These methods show that the site in question is indeed a tavern, dated to the early part of the 18th century. Historical research indicates that this tavern belonged to Jeptha Atherton, an important figure in Jackson history.
2016-01-14
2016-01-14
1/13/16
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/5095
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/50452021-03-03T21:10:37Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122col_10342_56col_10342_124
The Effect Of Conservation Treatments On Organic Residues In Archaeological Ceramics
Carman, Sophia L.
Mazow, Laura B.
Anthropology
Anthropology
Conservation
GC-MS
Residues
Conservation treatments, while focused on preserving the physical form of a ceramic vessel, may inadvertently have a negative impact on other information stored in preserved organic residues that may remain on or in the object. This research investigates the effect of common conservation treatments on the preservation of organic residues in order to better understand how conservation treatments commonly used in the field and laboratory can affect the integrity of organic residues in archaeological ceramic sherds. Olive oil, an organic residue that is frequently found in the archaeological record of the Near East, was applied in an experimental setting to the surface of archaeological ceramic sherds. The sherds then underwent various conservation treatments, such as mechanical cleaning, soaking in water over various periods of time, and acid cleaning. Residue retention was quantified by organic extraction followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. The results suggest that increasing the soaking time of a sherd in water decreases the amount of residue retained, and the addition of mechanical cleaning further reduces residue retention. The data gathered from this study can assist in predicting the condition of organic residues on ceramics based on previous conservation treatments and shed light on the integrity of organic residues on previously conserved objects.
2015-08-24
2017-02-07
2015
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/5045
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/37422022-12-13T18:58:38Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122com_10342_2col_10342_56col_10342_124col_10342_8858
AN OSTEOBIOGRAPHICAL ANALYSIS OF THE FOSCUE PLANTATION BURIAL VAULT, POLLOCKSVILLE, JONES COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
Seeman, Melinda
Perry, Megan
Ewen, Charles R., 1956-
Anthropology
Archaeology
American history
Biographies
Antebellum South
Bioarchaeology
Osteobiographies
In 2010, an early nineteenth-century vault was excavated on Foscue Plantation in eastern North Carolina as part an of ongoing archaeological research project. According to historical records, three individuals were interred in the vault, Simon Foscue, Sr., Simon Foscue, Jr., and his wife Christiana "Kitty" Rhem Foscue. The lack of research on elite nineteenth-century rural populations in eastern North Carolina meant that remains recovered from the vault could provide valuable information on their life histories beyond historical documents, including health, diet, disease, and burial practices.   Excavation of the vault in fact revealed nine individuals: 1 adult male and 4 adult females, a 3 year (± 12 months) old child, and three preterm fetuses, two of which likely were twins. The estimated age of the fetuses suggests that one of the young females interred may have died eight months pregnant. With the use of historical sources and biological data, three of these individuals have been tentatively identified. The absence of some individuals in the vault could have been the result of later internment in the vault during a period of poor record-keeping or undiscovered records. Initial paleopathology analysis indicates that the childhood and adult health of these individuals is notably better when compared to slave and free landowning individuals in other areas of the Eastern seaboard. Stable carbon and nitrogen isotope analysis provide further insight into rural antebellum diets. The detailed osteobiographies presented in this study, along with the historical documents, provide a renewed picture of a cross-section of a rural plantation-owning family in eighteenth- and nineteenth-century eastern North Carolina. Â
2012-01-18
2012-01-18
2011
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3742
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/45242021-03-03T21:01:50Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122col_10342_56col_10342_124
A Bayesian Approach to Investigating Age-at-Death of Subadults in a Forensic Context
Roepe, Kelsey Leigh
Perry, Megan A.
Anthropology
Forensic anthropology
Physical anthropology
Age-at-death
Bayesian
Forensics
Tooth formation
Estimating age at death is among the first steps in the identification of an unknown individual. For subadults, dental formation stage remains the most accurate aging indicator due to minimal environmental impact. Even the most accurate method, however, is affected by "mimicry bias," where the age profile of the target population "mimics" the age profile of the reference population used to develop the age estimation method. Bayesian statistics and transition analysis can control for this bias in archaeological and forensic samples through calculating the average age of transition from one development phase to another, followed by estimating the probability that someone of a certain age has a given phase of development based on a sample of individuals of known age. Here, Bayesian-derived age ranges related to the dental formation phases of Moorrees et al. (1963) were generated using a sample of 201 children of known age (Orthodontics Case File System, Maxwell Museum of Anthropology). In this study, I present age ranges at an exact 50% probability for each tooth at various stages of development. These ranges can be used in forensic cases wishing to control for "mimicry bias" in assessments that rely on sage estimation via dental formation. Â
2014-08-28
2016-05-11
2014
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/4524
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/65352022-12-13T18:52:25Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122col_10342_56col_10342_124
Blackbeard's Beads: Identification and Interpretation of the Beads Recovered from the Shipwreck 31CR314 Queen Anne's Revenge
Urban, Kimberly A.
Ewen, Charles R., 1956-
Anthropology
Glass trade beads are one of the most notable artifacts of the Transatlantic Slave Trade and played an important role in African culture spiritually, metaphysically, and historically. Since its discovery in 1996, 798 glass beads have been recovered from the Queen Anne's Revenge Shipwreck. This thesis seeks to identify the beads recovered from the Queen Anne's Revenge shipwreck and interpret their relationship to the ship and the Transatlantic Slave Trade. The thesis opens with the history of the slave trade, specifically the role of the French, as well as an historical overview of Blackbeard, the Queen Anne's Revenge, and of bead manufacture. Following the archaeology and recovery of the shipwreck along with its conservation program and previous research conducted on the Queen Anne's Revenge bead assemblage is discussed. Other contemporaneous archaeological sites, both terrestrial and maritime, are presented to compare the Queen Anne's Revenge bead assemblage to other sites. This research is designed to provide data on the types of beads recovered from the Queen Anne's Revenge shipwreck for both conservators at the Queen Anne's Revenge Conservation Laboratory and future archaeologist. This research provides insight into the ship's former role as a slaver and addresses the ship's link between Africa and the slave trade.
2018-01-23
2018-01-23
2017-12
2017-12-13
December 2
2018-01-22
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/6535
en
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/47082022-12-13T18:55:51Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122col_10342_56col_10342_124
Going on the Account : Examining Golden Age Pirates as a Distinct Culture Through Artifact Patterning
Page, Courtney E.
Ewen, Charles R., 1956-
Anthropology
Archaeology
History
Artifact patterning
Maritime archaeology
Pirates
Pirates of the Golden Age (1650-1726) have become the stuff of legend. The way they looked and acted has been variously recorded through the centuries, slowly morphing them into the pirates of today's fiction. Yet, many of the behaviors that create these images do not preserve in the archaeological environment and are just not good indicators of a pirate. Piracy is an illegal act and as a physical activity, does not survive directly in the archaeological record, making it difficult to study pirates as a distinct maritime culture. This thesis examines the use of artifact patterning to illuminate behavioral differences between pirates and other sailors. A framework for a model reflecting the patterns of artifacts found on pirate shipwrecks is presented. Artifacts from two early eighteenth century British pirate wrecks, Queen Anne's Revenge (1718) and Whydah (1717) were categorized into five groups reflecting behavior onboard the ship, and frequencies for each group within each assemblage were obtained. The same was done for a British Naval vessel, HMS Invincible (1758), and a merchant vessel, the slaver Henrietta Marie (1699) for comparative purposes. There are not enough data at this time to predict a "pirate pattern" for identifying pirates archaeologically, and many uncontrollable factors negatively impact the data that are available, making a study of artifact frequencies difficult. This research does, however, help to reveal avenues of further study for describing this intriguing sub-culture. Â
2015-02-02
2015-02-02
2014
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/4708
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/45222021-03-03T20:57:39Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122col_10342_56col_10342_124
AN INVESTIGATION OF THE TAPHONOMIC EFFECTS OF ANIMAL SCAVENGING
Garcia-Putnam, Alexander
Perry, Megan A.
Anthropology
Forensic anthropology
Archaeology
Anthropology
Decomposition
Forensics
Numerous environmental and human-induced variables that affect decomposition can cloud accurate estimations of the postmortem interval (PMI). For instance, scavenging animals can remove soft tissue and disarticulate and scatter remains, resulting in faster-than-expected decomposition. This study investigates the impacts of animal scavenging on decomposition rates and estimations of the PMI in eastern North Carolina using pigs (Sus scrofa) (n=4) as analogs for human remains. Systematic observation over a five-month period documented which scavengers affected the deceased human bodies, the decompositional changes of each subject, and the scattering patterns of the skeletal elements to determine whether or not scatter patterns over time can be predictive of the postmortem interval. One specimen enclosed in a wire cage served as a control. Motion sensing cameras were positioned at the three exposed sites to capture images of scavenging animals. Vultures and canid scavengers produced the most pronounced scattering events. The exposed remains reached full skeletonization and disarticulation by day 8, while the control reached a skeletal state by day 16. This research finds that there are general trends in both scavenger activity over time and scatter of the remains over time, therefore a relationship was found between scatter area and PMI. Studies of this nature are critical in aiding in the estimation of the PMI in real-world medico-legal investigations in eastern North Carolina. Â
2014-08-28
2014-08-28
2014
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/4522
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/74502021-03-03T21:23:24Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122col_10342_56col_10342_124
Metabolic Disease in Subadult Skeletal Remains from Late Ottoman-Era Tell Hisban, Jordan
Edwards, Emily Arlene
Perry, Megan A
Anthropology
Scurvy
Rickets
vitamin C deficiency
vitamin D deficiency
Tell Hisban
Tell Hesban
bedouin
health
osteology
nutrition
The site of Tell Hisban in Jordan was seasonally occupied by nomadic agropastoral tribes for over a thousand years. In the latter half of the 1800s, the Ottoman Empire instituted the Tanzimat, a series of reforms intended to solidify control over the region, including a new system of private land ownership. This new land law conflicted with traditional tribal-based land rights and resulted in intensification of agricultural production and diminished pastoralism in the regional economy. During this period of economic change, at least 62 individuals were interred in ruins on Tell Hisban, of which 55% were non-adults. Many long bones and cranial elements of non-adults within these commingled remains display evidence of vitamin C (scurvy) and D (rickets) deficiencies at a greater frequency than pre-Tanzimat or earlier regional cemeteries. Increased agricultural production may have impacted the availability of traditional foods high in ascorbic acid that prevented scurvy in past groups, and increased reliance on cereals, which lack key macronutrients. The resulting shift in diet would have disproportionately affected individuals more susceptible to nutritional stressors, such as pregnant women, infants, and weaning children. In the case of rickets, these nutritional stressors may have been exacerbated by cultural barriers which limited an individual's exposure to sunlight and may have resulted in the surprising presence of rickets in this high-ambient UV radiation environment. Together with genetic predispositions to scurvy or rickets, these biocultural changes likely contributed to increased frailty in the form of metabolic disease for infants and young children within this population compared to earlier groups at Tell Hisban and contemporary populations in other areas of Jordan and Israel.
2019-08-21
2019-08-21
2019-08
2019-07-25
August 201
2019-08-19
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/7450
en
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/85712022-12-05T14:12:41Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122col_10342_56col_10342_124
SEEKING HEALTHCARE? PERCEPTIONS AND BELIEFS AMONG AFRICAN AMERICANS
High, Jazmin
Bailey, Eric
Multiple studies have documented health and healthcare disparities between African Americans and whites in the United States. Many studies have traced these disparities to socioeconomic barriers such as age, income, and level of education. However, it has been found that when variables such as income, access, and insurance are controlled for, health and healthcare disparities remain. A growing body of literature suggests African Americans possess certain health beliefs and perceptions regarding concepts of health, illness, and the healthcare system that influence health and health seeking behaviors. Using empirical generalizations and theory from medical anthropology, this study expands on this growing body of literature by investigating health seeking behavior among African American adults in rural eastern North Carolina, as well as exploring African Americans' perceptions and health beliefs to see how they relate to health seeking behavior. Interviews were conducted with 20 African Americans in two rural eastern counties in North Carolina (Halifax County and Northampton County). Through data analysis, I identified a pattern of health seeking behavior. In addition, thematic analysis revealed that African Americans possess certain health beliefs (e.g. The Body Will Heal Itself) and negative perceptions of the healthcare system (e.g. African Americans do not receive equal treatment), which also influences health seeking behavior. These perceptions and beliefs influenced the timing and decision to seek care. Ultimately, this research sheds light on several factors influential in African Americans' health behaviors that may exacerbate racial disparities in health and healthcare. Consequently, health professionals and policy makers should develop and apply individually appropriate and culturally sensitive policies and interventions.
2020-06-24
2020-06-24
5/1/2020
2020-06-22
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/8571
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/45232021-03-03T20:55:57Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122com_10342_2col_10342_56col_10342_124col_10342_8858
Modern Memories : Intersections of Religion, History, and Parks in Guilford County, North Carolina
Parker, Zachary
Griffith, David Craig
Anthropology
Cultural anthropology
Cultural resources management
Religious history
North Carolina
History
Memory
Parks
Religion
This study explores connections between individuals' religion, external cultural forces, and collective memory within the context of Guilford County, North Carolina. Guilford County is well known for the Revolutionary War battle that took place there in 1781, for which a National Historic Military Park was established to commemorate the event. However, the emphasis placed on this park's specific history may overshadow other significant local events and historical processes, particularly those of the religious groups in the area, including Quakers, Presbyterians, and Lutherans. What are the links between the ideologies of these religious groups and the expressions of their memories? How do these groups remember history differently? Could the historical narrative be adjusted for accuracy and inclusivity of more groups?  A series of unstructured interviews was conducted from a purposive sample of local residents over the summer of 2013, focusing on those individuals affiliated with Quakerism, Presbyterianism, or Lutheranism. The interviews were supplemented by archival documents and modern texts to better understand how the processes of history and memory unfolded over time. This research intends to further knowledge in both the fields of social memory and religion, as well as help park management to more adequately meet the needs of their surrounding communities. I draw from writings on Schema Theory and Conceptual Metaphor Theory for guidance interpreting the data, ultimately arguing that the narrative of Guilford's past should be combined under the single, cohesive template of `A Fight for Freedom from All Oppression'. Â
2014-08-28
2014-08-28
2014
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/4523
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/68442022-10-03T17:07:00Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1col_10342_56col_10342_72
Social Stress and the Health of Women in the Andean Highlands: An Explorative Study
Yerich, Nadiya Volodymyrivna
Brooks, Blakely
Anthropology
anthropology
medical anthropology
Andes
Andean highlands
social stress
stress
women
women's social stress
Callejon de Huaylas
Social stress and health were explored among Andean highlanders to understand what stressors Andean women experience. The women’s stressors were investigated using the research methods of cultural domain analysis: free listing, unconstrained pile sorting, and constrained pile sorting. Analysis of the data has shown insight into how Andean women process the stressors they experience. The collected data was analyzed using cultural domain analysis to examine relationships between demographic variables and social stress. The findings reflect a shared consensus among women in the Andean highlands surrounding the kinds of stressors they experience, as well as how they categorize these stressors.
2018-07-10
2020-01-23
2018-05
2018-05-01
May 2018
2018-07-03
Honors Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/6844
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/64372021-03-03T21:15:41Zcom_10342_7351com_10342_6421com_10342_55com_10342_1col_10342_7360col_10342_56
Responding to health and social needs of aging Latinos in new-growth communities: a qualitative study
Mathews, Holly F.
Torres, Essie
Lea, C. Suzanne
Larson, Kim L.
Latinos
New-growth community
Interprofessional
qualitative description
Background
The development of new-growth communities of Latino immigrants in southern states has challenged the traditional health and social service infrastructure. An interprofessional team of service providers, Latino leaders, and university faculty partnered to establish linkages with the Latino community and providers serving aging adults and to explore the health and social needs of aging Latinos residing in a rural region.
Methods
A qualitative descriptive study was conducted through a community-university partnership, the Aging Latino Research Team (ALRT). Data were generated from nine focus groups and 15 key informant interviews with Latino and non-Latino community members and service providers in rural, eastern North Carolina (ENC).
Results
Thematic analysis was used to identify common patterns and form recommendations for future research and programs. Themes common to Latino participants were: “We are put off to one side�; “If I can't work, I can't survive�; and “Without documents, you are no one.� Themes common to non-Latino participants were: “Older Latinos are not well served�; “Older Latinos are invisible�; “Older Latinos are undocumented and afraid�; and “Older Latinos are wandering the highway�.
Conclusion
A major finding of this research was the extent to which discrepancies in perceptions between Latino participants and non-Latino participants exist. These discrepancies revealed ethnic stereotyping and cultural insensitivity as major barriers in access to care.
2017-11-21
2017-11-21
2017
Article
Larson, K., Mathews, H. F., Torres, E., & Lea, C. S. (2017). Responding to health and social needs of aging Latinos in new-growth communities: a qualitative study. BMC Health Services Research, 17, 601. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-017-2551-2
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/6437
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-017-2551-2
en_US
https://bmchealthservres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12913-017-2551-2
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/52902021-03-03T21:00:42Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1col_10342_56
Using the Stable Carbon and Nitrogen Isotope Compositions of Vervet Monkeys () to Examine Questions in Ethnoprimatology
Loudon, James E.
Grobler, J. Paul
Sponheimer, Matt
Moyer, Kimberly
Lorenz, Joseph G.
Turner, Trudy R.
2016-05-24
2016-05-24
2014
Article
PLoS ONE; 9:7 p. 1-7
1932-6203
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/5290
pmc4091945
10.1371/journal.pone.0100758
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25010211
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/74802021-03-03T21:23:23Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122col_10342_56col_10342_124
Measuring and Assessing Food Insecurity Among East Carolina University Undergraduate Students
Midgette, Willa G.
Mathews, Holly F.
Anthropology
campus hunger
Food insecurity has long been an issue nationwide, however, there has been little emphasis placed on food insecurity among college students. This thesis employed a cross-sectional survey of 1,170 randomly selected undergraduate students, utilizing a variation of the USDA Adult Food Security Survey Module to assess to determine the prevalence of food insecurity among undergraduate students at East Carolina University, and utilized bivariate analysis to assess the relationship between several demographic, academic and lifestyle variables and food insecurity status, as well as the relationship between food insecurity and academic success. The thesis found that food insecurity status is significantly affected by race, first-generation student status, Pell grant eligibility, financial aid use and use of a meal plan, and found that academic performance is negatively impacted by food insecurity. Additionally, this thesis utilized 10 interviews of undergraduate students to assess how current eating and grocery shopping habits and pre-college food security influenced current food security status and assessed how students cope with food insecurity. The study found that students who were food insecure early in life are more likely to be food insecure in college. Finally, this thesis assessed the feelings about and barriers to using the on-campus food pantry at East Carolina University.
2019-08-22
2020-02-01
2019-08
2019-07-02
August 201
2019-08-19
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/7480
en
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/36482021-03-03T20:55:56Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122com_10342_2col_10342_56col_10342_124col_10342_8858
SHOVEL TESTING THE SQUIRE'S RIDGE (31ED365) SITE : EDGECOMBE COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
Caynor, E. Christopher
Daniel, I. Randolph
Anthropology
Archaeology
Archaic
Coastal plains
North Carolina
Shovel testing
Woodlands
In this study, artifacts from the 2009 field season at Squire's Ridge (31ED365) are analyzed. One-hundred and fourteen shovel tests were completed by students under the supervision of I. Randolph Daniel that account for approximately 7000 artifacts. Three main categories of artifacts are considered by the author: stone, ceramic, and miscellaneous. The assemblage includes artifacts diagnostic of the Early, Middle, and Late Archaic and the Early and Middle Woodland. A spatial analysis is completed using artifact density maps created in Golden Software SURFER 8. This analysis reveals an occupation that is largely isomorphic with the ridge crest. This study suggests that the archaeology of the North Carolina Coastal Plain will benefit from the continued study of relict sand dunes such as Squire's Ridge and Barber Creek and supports the conclusions of Christopher Moore 2009 that relict sand dunes provided sites for occupation during the Archaic and Woodland along the Tar River. It also provides an initial step in the creation of a culture-history that is specific to the Coastal Plain. Â
2011-08-22
2011-08-22
2011
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3648
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/73832022-09-30T12:51:41Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1col_10342_56col_10342_72
Development of a Method for the Determination of Bisphenol A in Vervet Monkey Hair using LC-MS/MS and LC-UV/Vis
Lindsay, Samuel Joseph
Loudon, James
Anthropology
pollution
environment
plastic
No methods for estimating levels of anthropogenic disturbance on non-human primate (NHP) populations were identified within the literature. Such a method would allow for the assessment of human impact on NHP populations. Levels of bisphenol A (BPA) in hair samples was the proposed metric for such a method. Human hair samples were used to validate a procedure found in the literature.1 A methanolic extraction was performed on human hair and the resulting samples were analyzed using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The two extracted samples contained 110.1 and 37.1 pg BPA mg-1 hair. Extracted, spiked samples yielded 913.9 and 885.7 pg BPA mg-1 hair. Control samples of standard yielded 200 times lower than the expected concentration. A control alkaline extraction was attempted but not found to be suitable. Standards over the expected concertation range of prepared extractions were run on a liquid chromatography – ultraviolet visible spectrophotometry (LC-UV/Vis) system were used to generate a standard curve with an R2 value of 0.9993.
2019-06-26
2021-05-01
2019-05
2019-05-03
May 2019
2019-06-14
Honors Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/7383
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/67972022-12-13T18:52:48Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1col_10342_56
The "Castle" and the "Palace": Comparing Artifact Patterns at Russellborough and Tryon Palace, Two Elite Residences of Colonial North Carolina
Beaman, Thomas E.
Ewen, Charles R., 1956-
Anthropology
2018-06-18
2018-06-18
2001-05
Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/6797
en_US
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/68062021-03-03T21:17:59Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1col_10342_56
RECONCILIATORY BEHAVIOR IN CAPTIVE FEMALE CHIMPANZEES (Pan troglodytes)
Upshaw, Megan E
Wolfe, Linda D., 1942-
Anthropology
Between May 29th and July 31st I studied the behaviors of the nine adult female chimpanzees at the North Carolina Zoological Park in Asheboro, North Carolina. Data were collected using focal animal observations in which females were observed for 20-minute intervals. A standard ethogram was employed. While resting was generally recorded most often, the females engaged in affiliative behaviors an average of 19.78% of the time, with a range of 8% to 32%. The two highest ranking mothers in the group, MG and RT, had the highest levels of affiliation (28% and 32%, respectively). During the study period I also recorded four conflicts between eight of the nine females: MG, RB, BA, TM, RT, AM, MK, and TR. In all four conflicts, one of the females was chased by at least one other female, and in two conflicts, a female was struck by BA, the daughter of the highest ranking female, MG. After three out of the four conflicts, I observed reconciliation between those involved. These post-conflict reconciliation behaviors included kissing, grooming, sitting close to one another, and reaching. The data show that there is an association between rank, age, and affiliation in the post-conflict reconciliation.
2018-06-18
2018-06-18
2008-05
Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/6806
en_US
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/28552021-03-03T20:53:05Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_119col_10342_56col_10342_121
Impacts of New Regulations on North Carolina Fishermen: A Classificatory Analysis
Griffith, David Craig
Based on Work Conducted in Accordance with the Proposal Entitled Identifying and Defining Fishers and Gear in North Carolina to Develop Licensing as an Effective Management Tool. ICMR Tech Report 96-06. Research Assistance By: Fiona Abarno, John Brown, Brian Ellis, Douglas Hobbs, Vernon Kelley, and Patrick Stanforth; Special Contributions from: J. Stephen Thomas, Cecelia Formichella, and Mark Moberg; University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama
The findings presented here derive from eight months of research designed to address the following objectives:
1. To develop a classification system that identifies and defines North Carolina fishers in terms of dependence on the resource, gear type, effort, motivation for fishing, and core and secondary species they target;
2. To determine how different groups of fishers will be impacted by different regulatory scenarios;
3. To evaluate North Carolina’s licensing system in terms of its ability to monitor numbers, characteristics, and behaviors of commercial and recreational fishers;
4, To assess the experiences of other states in developing and administering licensing programs.
Accomplishing these objectives involved several phases of field research and analysis, all of which were oriented toward gaining a view of North Carolina fishing—commercial and recreational—from a variety of perspectives. Because of the highly politicized environment of the past two years, it was necessary to triangulate our data sources to reduce respondent bias. Thus, we used a variety of methods to cross-check, assess, and validate information received from different sources representing different political and economic interests in the fisheries. Our respondents included: a) recreational anglers whom we located through sportfishing lists, DMF data, and an intercept methodology; b) charter boat captains and pier owners; c) commercial fishermen and their families all along the coast and throughout the Albemarle-Pamlico Estuarine System c) seafood processors and seafood processing workers; and d) fishermen and marine regulatory personnel in North Carolina and in 12 other states. Our methods of observation and data collection included: visits to fishing centers around the state (cultural mapping); surveying individuals in other states regarding their licensing programs and experiences, including government officials and fishermen; surveying recreational fishermen, charter boat captains, and pier owners; conducting in-depth interviews with commercial fishers; and eliciting feedback from members of fishing families concerning regulatory and other social problems in the context of focus groups.
2010-08-27
2011-05-17
2010-08-27
2011-05-17
1996-05
Technical Report
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/2855
en_US
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/18952022-12-13T18:55:30Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122col_10342_56col_10342_956col_10342_124
Comparative Analysis of Cask Material from Late Sixteenth Through Early Nineteenth Century Shipwrecks
Smith, Kimberly M.
Ewen, Charles R., 1956-
Anthropology
Anthropology
Barrels
Casks
Eighteenth century
Maritime cultural material
Shipwrecks
Staved containers
Archaeology
18th century
This thesis examined cask material, including cask staves, heads, hoops, bungs and other components that casks consist of, recovered from 13 eighteenth century, three nineteenth century, one seventeenth, and two sixteenth century shipwrecks in an effort to discern a pattern in the types of cask material recovered within different types of vessels (e.g. pirate, merchant, and naval). Literature reviews were conducted and numerous archaeological, anthropological, and historical journals; namely, the International Journal for Nautical Archaeology, Historical Archaeology, The Australian Journal of Historical Archaeology were consulted. Published and unpublished theses and dissertations, proceedings from maritime and historical archaeological conferences for reports on shipwrecks containing cask material, and Parks Canada and National Park Service publications were also reviewed. Cask materials were studied and compared using bar graphs, histograms, and pie charts. Several potential patterns were identified, but none were definitive. This was not because they may not exist, but rather due to the inconsistent reporting methods creating a lack of available data to conduct comparative analysis. The inconsistent nature of the data obtained influenced the need to establish a standard reporting method. The final product of this research was the introduction of a standard reporting method and associated terminology and reporting forms. While the data set was too inconsistent to make conclusive statements, this type of comparative analysis should begin to establish a framework for the interpretation of cask materials from future excavations. Â
2009-09-02
2011-05-17
2009-09-02
2011-05-17
2009
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/1895
en_US
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/37412021-03-03T20:52:47Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122col_10342_56col_10342_124
Comparisons of Ecological Knowledge About Fish Stocks Among Fishermen, Fishery Managers, and Biologists in the South Atlantic
Hamilton, Melanie
Griffith, David Craig
Anthropology
Cultural anthropology
Environmental management
Anthropology
Fishery management
South Atlantic
Traditional ecological knowledge
The world's fishery resources are becoming depleted, threatening some commercial species with extinction. The Magnuson-Stevens Conservation and Management Act has been controversial with fishermen because of disagreements over stock assessments of fish. Fishermen argue that some fish stocks are still plentiful, and that the fishing regulations are too inflexible. Through interviews and surveys, I assess the perceptions of stock assessments of fishermen in North Carolina, and compare their Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) with the Scientific Ecological Knowledge (SEK) of biologists. The knowledge gained from this study could help resolve this conflict between fishermen and biologists. Â
2012-01-18
2012-01-18
2011
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3741
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/44442022-12-13T18:58:59Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122com_10342_2col_10342_56col_10342_124col_10342_8858
Revisiting the Port of Brunswick : A Research Design for the Waterfront of Brunswick Town/Fort Anderson State Historic Site, Winnabow, North Carolina
Smith, Hannah P.
Ewen, Charles R., 1956-
Anthropology
Archaeology
History
Archaeological conservation
Colonial America
Southeastern United States
Since the fall of 2010, a series of colonial period wharves and other features have been revealed as a result of erosion along the banks of the Cape Fear River at Brunswick Town/Fort Anderson State Historic Site in Winnabow, North Carolina. These features have produced a considerable quantity of artifacts, but no formalized conservation plan has yet been developed for this area of the site. This proposed plan discusses the role of conservation at all stages of the archaeological processes, but focuses on the conservation needs of artifacts following excavation. Treatments for wood, ceramics, glass, leather, and textiles are discussed, as these are the major material types recovered along Brunswick's waterfront. The treatment of a knit cap and two leather shoes are discussed in detail as three case studies for the application of this conservation plan. The treatment options discussed will provide a possible course of action for the treatment of artifacts from this site, as well as similar sites elsewhere in the United States and abroad. Â
2014-06-15
2014-06-15
2014
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/4444
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/63482022-12-13T18:52:38Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122col_10342_56col_10342_124
BRUNSWICK’S BAKERS: THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL INVESIGATION OF A DWELLING AND BAKE OVEN AT LOT 35 IN BRUNSWICK TOWN STATE HISTORIC SITE
Holloway, Andrew J
Ewen, Charles R., 1956-
Anthropology
18th Century
Brunswick Town
During the summer of 2016, students led by Dr. Charles Ewen excavated the proposed Edward Moseley Ruin (now the bake oven at Lot 35) at Brunswick Town State Historic Site. Instead of finding the house and associated buildings of Lot 34, the students uncovered the remains of structure N5 on Lot 35 along with an associated ballast oven. Later analysis of the historical record determined that the property was owned by Christopher and Elizabeth Cains until 1775 and then sold to Prudence McIlhenny. Historical research also uncovered the remains of a thriving bread trade in and around Brunswick just as the birth of Revolutionary sentiment began to spread throughout North Carolina. Altogether, the historical and archaeological research conducted at Lot 35 have yielded the remains of a dwelling for middle to upper class persons along with an associated industrial bake oven occupied from 1764 until the end of the century.
2017-08-09
2017-08-09
2017-08
2017-06-22
August 201
2017-08-07
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/6348
en
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/29032022-12-13T18:58:45Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122col_10342_56col_10342_124
Put This in Your Pipe and Smoke it : An Evaluation of Tobacco Pipe Stem Dating Methods
McMillan, Lauren K.
Ewen, Charles R., 1956-
Anthropology
Anthropology
Archaeology
There are currently three formula dating techniques available to archaeologists studying 17th and 18th century sites using imported English clay tobacco pipe stems based on Harrington's histogram of time periods; Binford's linear formula, Hanson's formulas and the Heighton and Deagan formula. Pipe stem bore diameter data were collected from 26 sites in Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina and South Carolina in order to test the accuracy and utility of the three formula dating methods. Of the formulas, the Heighton and Deagan proved to be the most accurate, producing formula mean dates closest to the dates assigned to the sites using other dating techniques. It was also determined that all three formula dating methods work better in Maryland and Virginia than in North and South Carolina. Other aspects of pipe stem dating were explored in this paper including regional consumption patterns and the influences Dutch pipes have on formula dating. These questions were addressed specifically on sites from the Chesapeake. This analysis supports recent assertions that the Chesapeake should be split into two sub-regions, the Upper and Lower Chesapeake. Â
2010-09-16
2011-05-17
2010-09-16
2011-05-17
2010
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/2903
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/61692022-12-13T18:58:52Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122col_10342_56col_10342_124
Research Design of Fort Anderson
Hildebran, Daniel
Ewen, Charles R., 1956-
Anthropology
Archaeology
Earthworks
The purpose of this thesis is to produce a research design for Fort Anderson, a State Historic Site on the west bank of the Cape Fear River in Brunswick County, North Carolina. The thesis opens with the history of Fort Anderson, starting with a history of the Colonial town Brunswick, to provide a context for the site. A specific history of the fort begins with discussing the importance of Wilmington and the defenses of the Cape Fear River. Following this overview there is a summary of the construction of and capture of Fort Anderson. The research design uses the historical and archaeological background to formulate site-specific archaeological questions and uses cases studies of Civil War archeology to ensure that research at Fort Anderson is within the context of Civil War archeology. This research touches upon the following areas: previous archaeological research, the archeology of fort construction, a survey of the site, the fort's hospital, and the archeology of camp life. This research is designed to provide future archaeologists and the site manager of Fort Anderson with ways to better interpret the fortification and enhance the preservation of earthworks.
2017-06-01
2017-06-01
2017-05
2017-05-03
May 2017
2017-05-30
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/6169
en
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/36502021-03-03T20:52:51Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122com_10342_2col_10342_56col_10342_124col_10342_8858
GIS BASED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE LOCATION MODELING IN PITT COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
Schleier, Jonathan
Daniel, I. Randolph
Anthropology
Archaeology
Geographic information sciences
Geography
Geodesy
Archaeologists have employed Geographic Information Systems (GIS) software in the generation of predictive models for over thirty years. In the interest of creating a state wide predictive model, the North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) commissioned a pilot study in seven counties (Cabarrus, Chatham, Forsyth, Granville, Guilford, Randolph and Wake) of the Piedmont region. The primary goal of this thesis was to quantitatively examine the applicability of the Piedmont model to the Coastal Plain environment, specifically Pitt County. This thesis has demonstrated that the Piedmont predictive model does translate well to the Coastal Plain. Additionally, the predictive power of a model employing a generalized archaeological database (the Coastal Plain Model) was tested against a model employing a time period specific archaeological database (Coastal Archaic and Coastal Woodland models, respectively). The Coastal Archaic and Coastal Woodland models proved to have more predictive power than the Coastal Plain. A third research question analyzes the settlement decisions of archaic and woodland groups which are inferred from statistical data. Â
2011-08-22
2011-08-22
2010
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3650
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/59222021-03-03T21:07:52Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122col_10342_56col_10342_124
You Never Know What's Going to Happen: Exploring Factors that Influence Older Women's Decisions to Make Arrangements for Future Long-term Care Needs
Cortright, Lindsay M.
Mathews, Holly F.
Anthropology
seniors
advance care planning
qualitative research
While 70% of US elders will require long-term care, few plan accordingly and most decisions are made in a crisis. Data from two-waves of semi-structured interviews with a sample of 10 White and 10 African American, community-dwelling women ages 60-89 in eastern North Carolina are used to examine the relationship between long-term care planning and a range of demographic, social, and attitudinal variables. Ethnicity and experience making long-term residential arrangements for others were significantly associated with planning. Alternatively, having large social support systems inversely impacts planning. Using Grounded Theory to analyze the qualitative data, three clusters of themes showed shared ideas about what it means to grow old and four clusters of themes that may impact women's views on long-term care planning and willingness to plan were differentially shared among the sample. Themes associated with non-planning include the belief that planning for the future is futile, that children will take over their care and decision-making, fear of becoming dependent on loved ones, and aversion to long-term care options that may keep older women from thinking about and talking about their options. Future applications include raising awareness about LTC by distributing information and hosting workshops through local senior centers to encourage conversations and concrete planning for future care needs.
2016-08-25
2016-08-25
2016-08
2016-07-20
August 201
2016-08-25
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/5922
en
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/69822022-12-13T18:59:06Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122com_10342_2col_10342_56col_10342_124col_10342_8858
The Curious Case of Construction: A Uniquely Built Wharf at Brunswick/Fort Anderson
Byrd, Stephanie M.
Ewen, Charles R., 1956-
Anthropology
William Dry III
colonial
The waterfront area of Brunswick Town, a small but important transatlantic port on the Cape Fear River, was a major shipping and commercial center for southeastern North Carolina. The major export of tar, pitch, and turpentine to British controlled areas helped established this town for naval stores. In his original investigations of Brunswick Town, Stanley South noted ballast stone piles in the river that might be evidence of up to five colonial wharves. At one of these locations, river front erosion from increased modern commercial traffic recently revealed a colonial era wooden dock that connected to a property historically owned by William Dry II. This thesis will focus upon the archaeological investigations conducted in 2015 by the East Carolina University Archaeological Field School, specifically on the construction of this wooden wharf at the point of land connection, and the recovery of artifacts associated with Brunswick Town's shipping and commercial enterprise.
2018-08-14
2018-08-14
2018-08
2018-08-06
August 201
2018-08-09
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/6982
en
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/69682021-03-03T21:19:00Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122col_10342_56col_10342_124
Exploring Social Inequality at Petra through Dental Pathology
Lieurance, Alysha
Perry, Megan A
Anthropology
Bioarchaeology
Dental pathologies such as linear enamel hypoplasias (LEHs), periapical lesions (abscesses), dental calculus and caries, and antemortem tooth loss (AMTL) can indicate physiological stress during childhood development as well as reflect biocultural markers of nutrition and oral infection. Combined, they provide a powerful indicator of differential access to resources and dietary variation. This research explores the relationship between the frequencies of these pathologies and social stratification in three samples from the ancient Nabataean capital city of Petra and the surrounding hinterlands. The mortuary repertoire of Petra includes ornate monumental fac̨ade tombs surrounding the city center in addition to less elaborate shaft chamber tombs. Previous archaeological research explains these tomb variants as reflecting family groups of higher and lower social status, respectively (Perry, 2016; Schmid, Bienkowski, Fiema, & Kolb, 2012; Wadeson, 2012a, 2012b). Statistical analysis of dental pathology frequencies in 696 teeth from the non-elite tombs, 234 teeth from the elite fac̨ade tombs, and 132 teeth from a contemporary non-urban site identified statistically higher frequencies of dental calculus between the fac̨ade and shaft chamber tomb samples (χ² = 30.79, p [less than]; 0.001) and the fac̨ade and hinterland tomb samples (χ² =5.98, p=0.014). The frequency of LEHs of the selected Polar teeth were also significantly different between the fac̨ade and shaft chamber tomb samples (χ² = 18.13, p [less than]; 0.001). Additionally, the data show significantly higher frequencies of AMTL in the non-urban hinterland tomb sample when compared to both the fac̨ade (χ² = 9.61, p = 0.002) and shaft chamber tomb samples (χ² = 17.90, p [less than]; 0.001). No differences in the frequency of dental caries or abscesses were found. The higher frequency of LEHs suggests that the elite individuals experienced stress during childhood development more often than the non-elite individuals. However, more observations of LEHs point to a higher frequency of childhood stress survival. Unfortunately, the limited subadult remains from both contexts hinders understanding the relationship between LEH frequencies and childhood morbidity and mortality. The difference in dental calculus frequencies indicates either different patterns of protein, dairy, or water consumption between tomb lineages, or differences in taphonomic preservation between tomb types. The higher frequency of AMTL in the hinterland tomb indicates that the non-urban individuals had more dental pathologies that led to AMTL, such as dental caries or calculus, than the urban samples.
2018-08-14
2018-08-14
2018-08
2018-07-24
August 201
2018-08-09
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/6968
en
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/68082021-03-03T21:17:58Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1col_10342_56
REVISITING THE PUBLIC STRUCTURE ARTIFACT PATTERN: CULTURAL PATTERNING AT TWO EIGHTEENTH CENTURY GOVERNMENT SITES
Willoughby, Welsey R
Ewen, Charles R., 1956-
Anthropology
This thesis presents a comparison of the artifact assemblages from two eighteenth century government sites: Delaware's Old State House of 1787 located in Dover, Delaware; and The Chowan County Courthouse of 1767 located in Edenton, North Carolina. The main purpose of this comparison is to test the validity of the Public Structure Artifact Pattern first proposed in 1978 by Cara Wise. The identification of this pattern followed Wise's original analysis of Delaware's Old State House. Wise compared the functional groups of artifacts from the State House with two other sites that operated in a public capacity and found them to display similar frequencies. This study introduces data from excavations of the Chowan County Courthouse, a public site comparable to Delaware's Old State House, as a test implication. The proportions of functional groups of artifacts from the Chowan County site were compared to those displayed by Delaware's Old State House and were assessed for their conformity to the expected Public Structure Pattern. The ceramic assemblages from both sites were also compared at the minimum vessel level both by ware and functional type. This comparison was offered as an independent, complimentary test to further assess similarity in patterning between the sites and to further evaluate the Public Structure Pattern. The overall results of this analysis found general support for the validity of the Public Pattern. The functional groups of artifacts from both sites display remarkable consistency and conform closely to the expected pattern. Additionally, the ceramic assemblages from both sites display consistent proportions of vessels both by ware and functional type.
2018-06-18
2018-06-18
2007-05
Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/6808
en_US
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/39542022-12-05T19:12:19Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122com_10342_2col_10342_56col_10342_124col_10342_8858
A Comparison of Artifacts and Activities among Mound Area Contexts at Town Creek, A Mississippian Site in Piedmont North Carolina
Armour, Daryl W.
Boudreaux, Edmond A., III, 1971-
Anthropology
Archaeology
Mississippian
Native Americans
North Carolina
Prehistory
Southeast
Mississippian chiefdoms of the southeastern United States have commonly been characterized by the presence of large towns, a dependence upon maize-agriculture, and the presence of large platform mounds. Research regarding the role of platform mounds within these societies has been particularly intensive, and interpretations regarding the use of these mounds have varied. The major premise of this thesis is to determine variation among mound contexts at Town Creek by utilizing comparative indices. These comparisons found important differences in the activities represented in a premound midden, two mound-flank middens, and contexts associated with mound-summit structures. Also, a radiocarbon date of A.D. 1285-1400 was obtained for one of the flank middens, which is consistent with a previous interpretation of when mound construction began at the site. This date will help refine the site's existing mound-construction chronology. Â
2012-09-04
2012-09-04
2012
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3954
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/29062021-03-03T20:52:44Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122col_10342_56col_10342_124
Drilling Away the Spirits : A Worldwide Study of Trepanation
Frame, Lara
Mathews, Holly F.
Anthropology
Anthropology, Physical
Trepanation is a worldwide phenomenon that is most often studied on a case-by-case basis, with few comparisons cross-culturally or through time and with no agreement as to why it was practiced. Earlier theories have suggested ritualistic and magico-therapeutic purposes and have proposed a higher frequency of trepanations in adult males as a result of injuries sustained in warfare and gender-specific ritual practices. A compilation of case reports and information on trepanation is, therefore, vital for a bioarchaeological study of the procedure. This research catalogues and describes 297 incidences of trepanation in the extant literature in order to present a worldwide comparison of the practice and ascertain reasons for its performance. This thesis collects and reviews all of the cases of trepanation reported in the English-language scholarly literature to look for overall patterns that might lend credence to one explanation or another and to examine temporal and geographic variation. This study is of potential significance because it establishes a baseline review of all cases that others can use to draw conclusions about the reasons for this fascinating practice worldwide or in specific localities.   Four questions are answered in the Discussion section. Are more men than women trepanned because men are more likely to be involved in warfare as the literature suggests? Yes, in fact more than twice the number of males than females were trepanned. Is there any evidence to support cultural explanations or is this a residual category used for when skeletal remains show no evidence of pathology? It is difficult to determine if a procedure was done for cultural reasons, especially when there are no written records. Additionally, lack of skeletal pathology is linked to the osteological paradox, the fact that individuals who are the sickest die before manifesting any skeletal evidence. A third question is whether or not there is any evidence to support the theory of diffusion, which states that trepanation originated in one or two centers and then diffused to other areas. This is also difficult to prove, although there are two centers that have evidence of trepanation from the Mesolithic: Eastern and Western Europe. And lastly, is there any cultural evidence to support subadult trepanation or only biological evidence? Most of the trepanned juvenile population showed biological factors that would necessitate trepanation, except for one case.   Out of the total observed sample, sex was mentioned in 215 out of all 293 cases. Out of these 215 individuals 52.9% (155) were male, 20.45% (60) were female, and 26.62% (78) individuals' sex was indeterminate. Only 209 out of the total 293 individuals' age-at-death were reported. The majority of the sample of both sexes was under 30 years of age.   These data sources revealed that slightly more adult males were trepanned than females and children. The few trepanned children showed evidence of developmental disorders such as scurvy and hydrocephaly, but this may not necessarily have been the reason for trepanation. Since the trepanned males did not always display possible related pathologies, it is highly likely that they were trepanned for both biological and ritualistic reasons. Â
2010-09-16
2011-05-17
2010-09-16
2011-05-17
2010
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/2906
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/68022021-03-03T21:17:58Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1col_10342_56
MOUNT PLEASANT PHASE POTTERY IN THE NORTH CAROLINA COASTAL PLAIN: VESSEL FORM, FUNCTION, AND FOODWAYS AT THE WILSON BYPASS SITE
Jorgenson, Matthew W
Daniel, I. Randolph
Anthropology
2018-06-18
2018-06-18
2001-04
Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/6802
en
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/128402023-06-05T13:48:33Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122col_10342_56col_10342_124
An Eighteenth-Century Archaeology of Socioeconomics at Historic Bath, NC
Scattergood, Chloe Suzanne
Anthropology
archaeology
colonial
north carolina
eighteenth-century
merchant
cellar
socioeconomics
commerce
trade
consumerism
mercantilism
east coast
bath
wealth
Studying the consumer choices of colonial North Carolinians can indicate much about their lives and status. Archaeological excavations of two eighteenth-century warehouses in Historic Bath can tell us about merchants and their clientele. The material from these warehouses suggests notable wealth disparity, not unlike today, in North Carolina’s first established town.
2023-06-05
2023-06-05
2023-05
2023-04-28
May 2023
2023-06-02
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/12840
en
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/33142021-03-03T20:52:46Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1col_10342_56
Family Interactions Among African American Prostate Cancer Survivors
Jones, Randy A.
Taylor, Ann Gill
Bourguignon, Cheryl
Steeves, Richard
Fraser, Gertrude
Lippert, Marguerite
Theodorescu, Dan
Mathews, Holly F.
Kilbridge, Kerry Laing
African American men
Family support
Prostate--Cancer
Survivorship
Prostate cancer affects African Americans at a higher rate than any other ethnic group in the United States. Prostate cancer does not only affect the man with the disease but also affects those individuals who are closest to him, such as his family and friends. Open communication is valuable in coping with stressors that are affiliated with chronic illnesses. This article focuses on family and friend social support of men with prostate cancer. Data analysis revealed that support from family members and friends plays an important role in how men cope with their treatment and recovery from prostate cancer. Originally published Family and Community Health, Vol. 31, No. 3, July-Sep 2008
2011-04-13
2011-05-17
2011-04-13
2011-05-17
2008-07
Article
Family and Community Health; 31:3 p. 213-220
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3314
PMC2810541
10.1097/01.FCH.0000324478.55706.fe
en_US
http://journals.lww.com/familyandcommunityhealth/pages/articleviewer.aspx?year=2008&issue=07000&article=00005&type=abstract
Author notified of opt-out rights by Cammie Jennings prior to upload of this article.
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/61662021-03-03T21:14:03Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122col_10342_56col_10342_124
Examining Heavy Metal Concentrations in Hair of South African Vervet Monkeys (Chlorocebus pygerythrus) to Access Anthropogenic Impact
Lewis, Alycia E.
Loudon, James E.
Anthropology
Old World Monkey
Hair
Anthropogenic Disturbance
High concentrations of heavy metals are known to have deleterious effects on the nervous, endocrine, hepatic, and immune systems of mammals. Environmental toxicology has traditionally been used to understand impacts of pollutants on human health and aquatic and marine ecosystems but has rarely been adopted by primatologists to examine the effects of toxins on nonhuman primates. I analyzed 60 vervet monkey (Chlorocebus pygerythrus) hair samples for concentrations of Arsenic (As), Cadmium (Cd), Lead (Pb), and Mercury (Hg) using an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS). Hair samples were collected from anesthetized monkeys at 10 South African field sites with varying degrees of anthropogenic impact. All hair samples contained Pb and As. Some samples had Cd and Hg but at levels below the limit of quantitation (LOQ). Animals acquire heavy metals naturally via environmental particulates, or through the consumption of food and water and sometimes in unnaturally high quantities as a result of human activity. In South Africa, mining is fairly widespread with the harmful potential for exposure to increased levels of heavy metal pollution. Given our shared physiologies, nonhuman primates can act as proxies for those humans occupying polluted ecosystems, and the data collected from examining nonhuman primate hair for pollutants may also be viewed as less controversial by public and private institutions. The data presented here demonstrate that toxicology studies can improve our understanding of nonhuman primate health and behavior especially for populations in degraded habitats.
2017-06-01
2017-06-01
2017-05
2017-05-03
May 2017
2017-05-30
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/6166
en
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/30692021-03-03T20:52:51Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1col_10342_56
Social Capital and Health Care Experiences Among Low-Income Individuals
Perry, Megan
Williams, Robert L.
Wallerstein, Nina
Waitzkin, Howard
Social capital
Health services
Psychometric properties
Low-income individuals
Objectives. We examined relationships between social capital and health service measures among low-income individuals and assessed the psychometric properties of a theory-based measure of social capital. Methods. We conducted a statewide telephone survey of 1216 low-income New Mexico residents. Respondents reported on barriers to health care access, use of health care services, satisfaction with care, and quality of provider communication and answered questions focusing on social capital. Results. The social capital measure demonstrated strong psychometric properties. Regression analyses showed that some but not all components of social capital were related to measures of health services; for example, social support was inversely related to barriers to care (odds ratio=0.73; 95% confidence interval=0.59, 0.92). Conclusions. Social capital is a complex concept, with some elements appearing to be related to individualsâ experiences with health services. More research is needed to refine social capital theory and to clarify the contributions of social capital versus structural factors (e.g., insurance coverage and income) to health care experiences. Originally published Am J Public Health, Vol. 98, No. 2, Feb. 2008
2011-01-21
2011-05-17
2011-01-21
2011-05-17
2008-02
Article
American Journal of Public Health; 98:2 p. 330-336
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3069
PMC2376868
en_US
http://ajph.aphapublications.org/cgi/content/abstract/98/2/330
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/45212022-12-13T18:51:59Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122col_10342_56col_10342_124
An Archaeological Exploration of a Settlement at Dixie Plantation, Hollywood, SC
Falls, Eva E.
Ewen, Charles R., 1956-
Anthropology
Archaeology
Slavery
South Carolina
The College of Charleston's Dixie Plantation in Hollywood, SC is located 19 miles west of the College of Charleston's main campus in downtown Charleston. Dixie Plantation was formerly an 18th and 19th century rice and cotton plantation known as Dixie Plantation. Today, the avenue of oaks and the remnants of rice canals are all that is left of the former plantation. A 1799 and a ca.1807 plat map of the area indicates the plantation once consisted of a main house, an avenue of oaks, and an unidentified settlement, simply labeled "Fickling's" on the ca. 1807 map. This settlement was represented by two structures on the 1799 map and then four structures on the 1807 map. There are no intact architectural remains of the structures indicated on the plat maps, but in the fall of 2012, an archaeological survey of the area was completed. The primary research goals of this project were to identify the location the settlement indicated by these maps, establish an occupation period, and determine the function of these four buildings from the collected artifact assemblage. Due to high percentage of table wares and kitchen artifacts at the site, the evidence suggests the buildings had a residential component and could be residences of some of the plantation dependents, particularly the enslaved workers. This thesis will discuss the challenges of identifying sites based on historic maps and assigning site function for the settlement.
2014-08-28
2016-05-11
2014
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/4521
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/112752022-09-21T07:15:59Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1col_10342_56
Efects of Family Planning on Fertility Behaviour Across the Demographic Transition
Schacht, Ryan
Kramer, Karen L.
Hackman, Joe
Davis, Helen E.
family planning
fertility
demographics
2022-09-20
2022-09-20
2021
Article
2045-2322
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/11275
10.1038/s41598-021-86180-8
en_US
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/31572022-12-05T19:12:35Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122com_10342_2col_10342_56col_10342_124col_10342_8858
NAGPRA's Impact on North Carolina and the Southeast : Research on the Research
Broughton, William C.
Boudreaux, Edmond A., III, 1971-
Anthropology
Archaeology
Native American studies
Physical anthropology
Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act
This thesis researches the impact of the Native American Grave Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA) on academic bioarchaeological research in the southeastern United States and North Carolina. Scholarly journals, conference bulletins, and dissertations were evaluated to determine if there have been any shifts in the amount of research conducted since the law was passed. The percentage of bioarchaeological studies for each year between 1970 and 2009 was calculated and analyzed for any changes over time. Questionnaires were e-mailed to several archaeologists, bioarchaeologists, and leaders in the North Carolina Native American community to sample their opinion of NAGPRA and compare perceived impacts of the law to any impact indicated by the quantitative data. By examining trends in percentages, the data indicates that NAGPRA has had no long-term impact upon the amount of bioarchaeological research involving Native American skeletal remains throughout North Carolina and the Southeast. Â
2011-02-03
2011-05-17
2011-02-03
2011-05-17
2010
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3157
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/22382022-12-13T18:52:05Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122com_10342_2col_10342_56col_10342_124col_10342_8858
An Archaeological Investigation of Barber Landing, Pitt County, North Carolina
Patterson, Robert Mitchell
Ewen, Charles R., 1956-
Anthropology
Anthropology
Archaeology
Twelve sites, including a modern farmstead, were discovered in 1976 by Dr. David Phelps of East Carolina University (ECU) during a Cultural Resource survey of 335 acres along Barber Creek for Greenville Utilities Commission (GUC). Phelps supervised surface collections undertaken in 1977, 1981, and a field school in 1988. The field school, which included two of these sites, 31PT200 and 31PT201, is the main focus of this thesis. The historic components of these sites are the main subjects in this investigation of Barber Landing. Through 1) examining historical documents, 2) analyzing previously excavated archaeological material to make interpretations about site use, and 3) determining whether the sites merit further investigation.     A comparison of deed records and the dates calculated from artifact analysis determined that the Barber Creek B site was the earlier of the two sites, dating the midpoint of occupation to approximately 1747. The Barber Landing site was more likely occupied during the middle of the 19th century, around 1850. Based on this information, the likely inhabitants of the structure that once stood on the Barber Creek B site were William Barber and his family, for whom the creek and landings are named. The structure that was on the Barber Landing site was most likely inhabited by Sarah Eugenia Boyd Harris, who came to possess the land in 1868. Â
2010-02-02
2011-05-17
2010-02-02
2011-05-17
2009
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/2238
en_US
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/68042021-03-03T21:17:59Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1col_10342_56
A STUDY OF DECOMPOSITION RATES IN EASTERN NORTH CAROLINA
Leone, Lisa
Perry, Megan A
Anthropology
Estimating the time since death (or postmortem interval) via postmortem changes is crucial in forensic cases involving decomposed human corpses. Several factors can influence the rate of decomposition, such as ambient temperature, rainfall, and humidity. Decomposition rates thus can vary drastically between two locations because many factors are environment specific. Taphonomic and entomological information need to be studied at the local level. The present study observed the decomposition of two domestic pigs (Sus scrofa) of 103 and 158 pounds in weight. After being humanely killed, these specimens were placed on the soil surface in two contrasting environments on East Carolina University's West Research Campus. One specimen was placed in a cooler, shaded area, while the other was placed in direct sunlight. From August 2005 to January 2006, data were gathered on the temperature, rainfall, and humidity experienced at each site. The weight (biomass) loss, girth, and insect activity occurring with each pig specimen was also recorded.
The purpose of this case study was to investigate decomposition rates in eastern North Carolina and to determine which environmental factor(s) most influenced this process. First, subjects placed in different environments were expected to decay at different rates. Second, the shaded and exposed subjects additionally were expected to follow the same basic decomposition patterns as those seen in Shean et al.’s (1993) meaning that the exposed subject would reach maximum bloat before the shaded subject and also decompose at a more rapid rate. First, ambient temperatures profoundly influenced insect activity, the primary mode of biomass loss, as did the amount of sunlight exposure and the direct relationship between exposure to sunlight and moisture. Second, the exposed subject did achieve maximum bloat before the shaded subject (49.0 inches by day 2 versus 41.0 inches on day 3). However, the exposed pig did not decompose before the shaded pig. The exposed pig first lost a higher percentage of biomass per day than the shaded pig (43% versus 17.5 %) primarily as a result of warmer temperatures experienced at the exposed site. Prolonged exposure to high temperatures and direct sunlight however caused the soft tissues of the exposed subject to dehydrate and become unsuitable for insect use and decomposition thus slowed as fewer and fewer insects frequented the exposed carcass.
2018-06-18
2018-06-18
2006-07
Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/6804
en
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/50292022-12-05T19:12:50Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122com_10342_2col_10342_56col_10342_124col_10342_8858
The Hinterlands Of Town Creek : A Settlement Pattern Study Of The Mississippian Occupation Of The North Carolina Piedmont
Ricciardelli, Taryn
Boudreaux, Edmond A., III, 1971-
Anthropology
Ancient history
Cultural anthropology
Mound society
Native Americans
Pee Dee River (N.C. and S.C.)
Prehistoric
Settlement patterns
The Town Creek mound site, located in Montgomery County, North Carolina, is classified as Mississippian based on the archaeological evidence for intensive maize agriculture, the presence of complicated stamped ceramics, and the presence of an earthen platform mound. In my research, I studied hinterland sites within a 40-km radius of the mound site to determine how Mississippian settlement patterns in the surrounding region changed through time. I used ceramic analysis and the presence and absence of diagnostic artifacts to create an occupational history of hinterland sites. I also used spatial analysis to delineate polity boundaries and compare spatial patterns to others established in the region. When ceramic and spatial data were combined, patterns emerged suggesting that fewer hinterland sites were occupied during the height of Town Creek's occupation, and more hinterland sites were occupied when Town Creek's population was dwindling. These patterns suggest that as people moved away from Town Creek, they were relocating within the mound site's immediate vicinity. Spatial analysis also showed a break in hinterland sites at 18 km during all of Town Creek's occupation, indicating that the administrative center at Town Creek had an influence of at least 18 km.
2015-08-24
2015-08-24
2015
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/5029
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/36492021-03-03T20:52:51Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122com_10342_2col_10342_56col_10342_124col_10342_8858
STRATIGRAPHIC INVESTIGATIONS AT BARBER CREEK (31PT259) : RECONSTRUCTING THE CULTURE-HISTORY OF A MULTICOMPONENT SITE IN THE NORTH CAROLINA COASTAL PLAIN
Choate, Brian C.
Daniel, I. Randolph
Anthropology
Archaeology
Archaic
Barber Creek (N.C.)
Multicomponent stratified site
North Carolina coastal plain
Relict sand dune
Woodlands
Barber Creek is a multicomponent stratified site situated atop a relict sand dune in eastern North Carolina. Previous research has put emphasis on site formation and occupation. The focus of this study was to reconstruct the cultural chronology of the west-central portion of Barber Creek and compare it to previous analyses from other portions of the site. This study resulted in the identification of three former occupation surfaces, or floors, buried in approximately one meter of aeolian sands. These occupation floors date to the Early Archaic, Middle to Late Archaic and Early to Middle Woodland periods. The stratified remains of three discrete occupation floors identified in this investigation are largely consistent with previous investigations at the site. The artifact backplots reconstructed here are the clearest evidence yet for a stratified sequence at Barber Creek. In fact, the results of this study provide the best evidence thus far for the presence of Early Archaic, Middle to Late Archaic, and Woodland components in stratified contexts in the Coastal Plain of North Carolina. Great potential exists at Barber Creek and other such stratified sites along the Tar River to answer questions concerning chronology and typology related to the prehistory of the North Carolina Coastal Plain. Â
2011-08-22
2011-08-22
2011
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3649
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/44572022-11-30T15:08:11Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1col_10342_56col_10342_72
What Explains Getting a Tattoo? Religious Beliefs in Body Adornment
Johnson, Rachel Anne
Avenarius, Christine
Anthropology
Tattoos
Individual
Christian
Body adornment
Postmodern
Choice
Since the 1970's, tattooing has become increasingly popular in American society, explanations for this phenomenon include expressing individuality and gaining acceptance into a subculture (Gagne 2009). Although research has demonstrated that spirituality influences tattooing practices (Swartz 2006), few studies explore the intersection between Christian beliefs and tattoos (Scheinfeld 2007). My research focuses on the relationship between tattooing practices and the changing values of 18 to 30 year old active Christians Greenville, NC. An active Christian is defined as a person who participates in his or her faith community at least 3 times a month. A class project during a previous semester had facilitated the proposal development, including literature review of tattoos and Christianity and the design of the data collection instrument, asking questions on personal faith, bible verse interpretations, tattoo stereotypes, tattoo symbolism, and opinions about tattoos. Data was collected using a semi-structured interview instrument asking open-ended questions, including free-listing tasks. To increase comparability, all informants were recruited from the same a non-denominational Christian organization in Greenville, NC. A quota sample was employed to reflect differences by gender and preference for tattoos. I interviewed eight females with tattoos, eight males with tattoos, eight females without tattoos, and eight males without tattoos. Interviews were recorded and transcribed. The resulting text was coded using a grounded theory approach, logging discoveries about frequencies and co-occurrences of themes in AtlasTi software and SPSS statistics software to establish similarities and differences between study participants. This project aims to present a model of Christian beliefs and values that explain the choice for or against a tattoo.
2014-08-06
2017-02-07
2014
Undergraduate Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/4457
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/68052021-03-03T21:18:00Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1col_10342_56
Internship in applied and development anthropology : Catholic charities of Tennessee refugee services : an ethnographic study
McInnis, Leila W
Anthropology
An internship with a nongovernment organization provides an opportunity for an anthropology graduate student to learn how an anthropologist might be useful in these organizations. This internship report summarizes working with Catholic Charities of Tennessee Refugee Services in Nashville, Tennessee. Internship duties involved assisting a caseworker in the day to day activities they were involved in while helping refugees become self-sufficient. This report also provides information on how this organization operates when working with refugees as well as an assessment of how an anthropologist might play a role in a refugee agency.
2018-06-18
2018-06-18
2010-12
Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/6805
en_US
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/63612021-03-03T21:15:21Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122col_10342_56col_10342_124
Comparing Methodologies for Documenting Commingled and Fragmentary Human Remains
Sussman, Emily
Perry, Megan A
Anthropology
bioarchaeology
Commingled and fragmentary human remains are a common occurrence in archaeological and forensic contexts, but only a few methods have been developed to record these complex assemblages. Conventional inventory methods, such as the Standards for Data Collection from Human Skeletal Remains, referred to from here on out as Standards, document the presence and completeness of specific portions of skeletal elements and the minimum number of individuals (MNI) represented by each bone portion. This rather subjective method for MNI calculation does not provide much transparency for future researchers using these data. However, new techniques for recording and analyzing commingled assemblages and for MNI calculation have been developed using zooarchaeological zonation methods, which document specific features present rather than more general measures of completeness. This study identifies any significant differences in MNI calculation results using Standards versus Osterholtz's methods, through reanalysis of the assemblage of fragmented, commingled remains recovered during the 2012 season of the Petra North Ridge Project (preliminary MNI = 30). The MNI based on Osterholtz's visual-based system was notably different from that using Standards. Overall, the better metadata in Osterholtz's system suggests that Osterholtz's feature-based system should be the choice for individuals working with commingled and fragmentary remains.
2017-08-09
2017-08-09
2017-08
2017-07-28
August 201
2017-08-07
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/6361
en
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/58852021-03-03T21:09:45Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122col_10342_56col_10342_124
The Power of Porcelain: Authority and Landscape in Early Modern Cyprus
Mann, Justin Anthony
Saidel, Benjamin A
Anthropology
Archaeology
Greek Orthodox Church
Ottoman
The purpose of this study was to analyze the distribution of porcelain within rural Cypriot settlements. The source data used for this project are derived from the Troodos Archaeological and Environmental Survey Project (TAESP), which was conducted between 2002-2007 by Dr. M. Given, Dr. V. Kassianidou, Prof. A.B. Knapp, and Prof. J. Noller. The porcelain in the TAESP survey universe dated from the Cypriot Ottoman (1571-1878) and Modern (1878-ca. 1960) periods. To investigate if this porcelain material from TAESP reflected the presence of a rural elite habitation, the porcelain related data were organized by settlement type (i.e. Greek, Turkish, mixed, or ecclesiastical) and a proportion-based comparison with the quantity of other Ottoman-Modern tableware was carried out. In doing so, this thesis research attempted to demonstrate that a high proportion of porcelain-to-other-tableware in a particular settlement was an archaeological signature of a rural elite context within the TAESP survey universe. The results strongly suggested that monasteries and industry-rooted villages anchored coexisting realms of authority inhabited by separate classes of local elites, one municipal and one rural, on the social landscape of rural Cyprus. In addition, the results highlighted the economic presence of these locations, as the ritualization of coffee engendered great expense on behalf of the Early Modern consumer and played an important role in the demonstration of authority and status.
2016-08-25
2017-05-31
2016-05
2016-06-16
May 2016
2016-08-25
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/5885
en
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/63622021-03-03T21:15:20Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122col_10342_56col_10342_124
A Paleodemographic Study of Mortality in 1st century BC/AD Petra, Jordan
Propst, Akacia
Perry, Megan A
Anthropology
Paleodemography
Cementochronology
Parametric Hazard Modeling
Isola Sacra
The 1st century BC to 1st century AD population of Petra appears to have rarely suffered from infectious diseases based on the low frequency of pathological bone lesions in skeletons recovered from tombs on the site's North Ridge. However, many infectious diseases in the past killed their hosts before a skeletal lesion could form, rendering their effects essentially invisible in ancient populations. Cemetery-level age-at-death profiles can provide an important supplementary record of disease-related mortality by distinguishing between samples created by catastrophic events, such as disease epidemics, versus a normal attritional cemetery sample that accumulates over time. Here, age-at-death estimates for 70 individuals, out of a current MNI of 120, were estimated using cementochronology, which not only provides more accurate age estimates, but increases our sample size of ageable individuals limited by the fragmented and commingled nature of the Petra assemblage. A Gompertz-Makeham hazard model was used to calculate mortality risk by age in this sample. The age-at-death results and the results from the parametric hazard modeling suggest that mortality peaked for the North Ridge population around the age of 50-55 and that they experienced relatively low age-specific risk of mortality for a pre-industrial, urban population. When compared to the contemporaneous population of Isola Sacra, the results indicate a significant difference in age-specific mortality between the North Ridge population and Isola Sacra where the North Ridge population has a significantly lower age-specific mortality risk. A comparison of these two populations suggest that the political-economic environment, nutritionally adequate diet, the urban environment, and regional demography culminated in low prevalence of paleopathological conditions and may begin to explain the relatively low age-specific mortality risk for this population.
2017-08-09
2017-08-09
2017-08
2017-07-19
August 201
2017-08-07
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/6362
en
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/31582022-12-13T18:55:37Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122com_10342_2col_10342_56col_10342_124col_10342_8858
DID JOHN LAWSON SLEEP HERE? : AN INVESTIGATION OF LOTS FIVE AND SIX IN HISTORIC BATH, NORTH CAROLINA
Mullens, Nancy Jo
Ewen, Charles R., 1956-
Anthropology
Archaeology
American history
The investigation of Lots Five and Six in Bath, North Carolina, began during the spring semester of 2003 and continued intermittently until the summer of 2010 under the direction of Dr. Charles R. Ewen. During this time, 26 shovel-test pits and 25 units were excavated revealing three separate occupations. The latest occupation dated from the late eighteenth century to the twentieth century, the middle occupation dated from the middle of the eighteenth century to the early nineteenth century, and the earliest occupation dated to the early eighteenth century. The early eighteenth century occupation was concentrated in the northern portion of the yard near the ballast stone chimney foundations, corresponding to the ownerships of John Lawson and his daughter Isabella. Â
2011-02-03
2011-05-17
2011-02-03
2011-05-17
2010
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3158
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/72572021-03-03T21:21:37Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122col_10342_56col_10342_124
Colors of Primate Pelage: The Independent Evolution of Sexual Dichromatism in the Primate Order
Wilson, Thomas C.
Anthropology
Perry, Megan
Mathews, Holly F.
Paciulli, Lisa
Anthropolog
Primatology
Nonhuman Primates
There is a large body of research describing the evolutionary importance of plumage coloration among avian species. However, similar datasets are lacking for mammalian pelage. Furthermore, very little research has examined the variations of nonhuman primate (NHP) pelage coloration and patterning. Primatologists have noted conspicuous differences in coloration and patterning among NHPs, including neo-natal coats and sexual dichromatism. Sexual dichromatism refers to the differences in pelage coloration between the sexes of a single species. Sexual dichromatism is rare, but found among some species of lemurs, New World monkeys, and lesser apes. To illuminate the genetic mechanism of NHP sexual dichromatism, I examined published amino acid sequences for the MC1R and OCA2 genes of nine NHP species across multiple genera. This dataset incorporated sexually dichromatic NHPs including white-cheeked gibbons (Nomascus leucogenys), lar gibbons (Hylobates lar), and black howler monkeys (Alouatta caraya). I also examined closely allied monochromatic NHPs including brown lemurs (Eulemur fulvus), long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis), black snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus bieti), Mueller’s gibbon (Hylobates muelleri), mantled howler monkeys (Alouatta palliata), and chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). Comparisons across these species suggest the MC1R gene does not play an important role in pelage coloration. In contrast, the OCA2 sequence of N. leucogenys differed, on average, ~16% from the three monochromatic species. Furthermore, the OCA2 sequences exhibit a low phylogenetic signal, suggesting that this gene may regulate dichromatic pelage. To expand these genetic datasets, I analyzed socioecological variables among these species and found that smaller home-range sizes and dispersal of both sexes may have played a role in the evolution of dichromatic pelage in NHPs.
2019-06-12
2019-06-12
2019-05
2019-05-02
May 2019
2019-06-11
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/7257
en
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/51082022-12-13T18:57:48Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122com_10342_2col_10342_56col_10342_124col_10342_8858
Investigations into the Oldest Standing Structure in North Carolina
Idol, Coy Jacob
Ewen, Charles R., 1956-
Anthropology
In 2010, Steven and Linda Lane purchased 304 East Queen Street, Edenton, North Carolina. While renovating the structure they discovered that it was much older than previously thought. The results of a dendrochronology analysis demonstrated that the Lane House was the oldest standing structure in North Carolina. As advocates of archaeology and wanting to learn more about the structure, the Department of Anthropology at East Carolina University was contacted to investigate the structure. Based on historic documents, its was hypothesized that the Lane House does not sit in its original location. Excavating under the structure and in the back yard a terminus post quem, 1849, was established for when the Lane House arrived at its current position. The archaeology was supplemented by historical research to refine the date to a 16-year range, 1894-1910, for when the relocation of the structure could have occurred.
2016-01-14
2016-01-14
1/13/16
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/5108
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/63532022-12-13T18:52:32Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122com_10342_2col_10342_56col_10342_124col_10342_8858
Brunswick Town: Research Design
Harrup, Matthew J
Ewen, Charles R., 1956-
Anthropology
Brunswick Town
In the six decades of the post-South era at Brunswick Town, interest in the site has been sustained through studies, symposiums, historical publications, textbooks and the evolution of methodology developed there. Archaeology has been limited and generally completed through CRM projects. More recently, several field schools have examined areas South was unable to investigate fully. East Carolina University is undertaking a long-term and comprehensive study of Brunswick Town. The goal of this research design will be a synthesis of the previous archaeology with the documentary record to identify areas for future research.
2017-08-09
2017-08-09
2017-08
2017-07-28
August 201
2017-08-07
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/6353
en
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/69252021-03-03T21:18:48Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122col_10342_56col_10342_124
Entheseal Changes as a Reflection of Activity Patterns at 1st Century BC/AD Petra, Jordan
Wagner, Tara
Perry, Megan A
Anthropology
bioarchaeology
activity patterns
entheseal changes
Coimbra method
Nabataean
Over the past thirty years, biological anthropologists have attempted to reconstruct human behavioral patterns by analyzing entheseal attachments, the areas where tendons and ligaments attach to the bone. Many researchers hypothesize that biomechanical stress on ligaments and tendons due to repetitive activities will be reflected in bony changes that occur within the attachment site. Therefore, the distribution and characterization of these entheseal changes have been used to illuminate ancient human activity patterns. This research focuses on the pattern of entheseal changes observed in individuals from urban first century BC/AD Petra in order to generate a profile of activity patterns for the non-elite Nabataeans buried along the North Ridge. Assessment of the entheseal attachments was accomplished using the newly formed Coimbra method. This method is considered as an improvement over previous scoring techniques as it is based on the results of clinical research and incorporates refined terminology and descriptions of entheseal changes. While the multifactorial etiology of entheses hinders identifying specific occupation types, generalized patterns of activity can still be inferred from the collection of these data. The sample of Petra's non-elite experienced only slight entheseal changes compared to other communities assessed here, with little evidence of sexual division of labor. Additionally, the sample did not display bilateral asymmetry as anticipated, however there were higher scores for the lower limb than the upper limb. During the first century BC and first century AD, Petra was a major urban center and capital of the Nabataean Kingdom. Its economy was based largely on trade and some light manufacturing using local resources. The findings presented here confirm that people who were buried along the North Ridge had been working in the city, possibly involved with civic, administrative, and/or religious duties that would have been present during the height of the city.
2018-08-14
2018-08-14
2018-08
2018-07-24
August 201
2018-08-09
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/6925
en
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/86992022-12-13T19:08:55Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122com_10342_2col_10342_56col_10342_124col_10342_8858
THE ARCHAEOLOGY OF THE SOCIAL SAFETY NET AT THE PITT COUNTY HOME
Grubb, Muriel
Ewen, Charles R., 1956-
Anthropology
Pitt County
North Carolina
Pitt County Poor Farm
Pitt County Home
Archaeology
The Pitt County Poor Farm, also known as the Pitt County Home, was established in the early nineteenth century to feed and house the local poor population of Pitt County, North Carolina, prior to the establishment of the federal welfare system. The farm was continuously occupied and reorganized several times before it was closed in 1965. Four seasons of archaeological and cartographic work on the site have narrowed down the location of the poor farm buildings and expanded the interpretation of what life in rural eastern North Carolina was like for this underprivileged, disenfranchised population. The findings from Pitt County are comparable to other contemporary poor farm and farmstead sites throughout the country during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.
2020-09-07
2020-09-07
2020-08-12
Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/8699
en_US
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/63492021-03-03T21:15:11Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122com_10342_2col_10342_56col_10342_124col_10342_8858
The spatial analysis of ceramic in the plow zone at Town Creek Indian Mound State Historic Site
McGlinn, Marianne
Daniel, I. Randolph
Anthropology
Prehistory
Ceramics are used in archaeological research to determine the spatial and temporal distributions of people in the past. Ceramics were used for cooking and serving food for households. Ceramics changed over time and can be used to date different archaeological occupations. This research examines the spatial distribution of several temporally significant types of ceramics at Town Creek, an archaeological site in North Carolina's Piedmont. This research used the ceramic collection from the plow zone at Town Creek Indian Mound State Historic Site (31Mg3) to inform about site usage through time. Although the site was intermittently occupied for over 10,000 years. Ceramics first occur at the start of the Woodland period about 2000 years ago. Using existing artifact collections curated by the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, this research uses ceramics collected from the plow zone to conduct a spatial analysis across the site to address the temporal and spatial use of the site. In particular, this research will look at the distribution of the different ceramic groupings to determine the different time periods that the site was occupied during the last 2000 years and the areas of the site those people used. This will allow for a better understanding of site function and site usage over time.
2017-08-09
2017-08-09
2017-08
2017-07-05
August 201
2017-08-07
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/6349
en
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/31592022-12-13T18:55:58Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122com_10342_2col_10342_56col_10342_124col_10342_8858
Hidden and Sacred : African American Cemeteries in Eastern North Carolina
Smith, Jonathan
Ewen, Charles R., 1956-
Anthropology
Archaeology
African American studies
Folklore
The purpose of thesis is to identify an Eastern North Carolina African American Burial Pattern through the survey of Black Bottom Cemetery and the comparison of this cemetery to others in Eastern North Carolina as well as the Southeastern United States. Black Bottom Memorial Cemetery is a community cemetery comprised of over 600 marked and unmarked graves in which the earliest marked burial dates to 1907 and the most recent burials to 1999. Grave markers used range from locally crafted folk styles from materials such as concrete to commercial marble monuments. The cemetery began on the highest ground within the plot and expanded to nearby low-lying areas. During the Civil Rights era of the 1950s and 1960s a change occurred in the cemetery in which family plots moved to a more visible location closer to the road bordering the property, the style of markers changed to a flat slab provided by the funeral home, and rows of individual burials, as opposed to groups of family plots, were established in the eastern section of the cemetery.     In Black Bottom Memorial Cemetery grave decorations are found in scatters centering on individual graves or grave groups and appear to have broken over time due to natural factors. The vessels are predominately decorated household items such as painted ceramics and molded glass. Grave orientation and grouping is another key characteristic of African American cemeteries. Graves in the Black Bottom Memorial Cemetery are primarily arranged in family clusters, orientation varies widely and seems to be of secondary importance to proximity to family clusters, in other words, burial near family was of greater importance than maintaining a strict east-west alignment.   Comparison with other, roughly contemporary, African American cemeteries in the Southeast reveals similar characteristics in grave decorations and grave alignment. Data from the survey of Black Bottom Memorial Cemetery and the comparison cemeteries suggests that large amounts of ceramic and glass fragments or vessels, folk or locally made markers, and graves clustered in family groups rather than in ordered plots are strong indicators of post-emancipation through the Civil Rights era African American cemeteries. After the Civil Rights Movement, grave decoration shifted to alternative decorative materials such as banners, solar lights, and other items. The higher visibility of the graves suggests that a change in attitudes regarding entitlement to a place in mainstream culture occurred but that traditional practices of grave decoration continue in a modified form. Â
2011-02-03
2011-05-17
2011-02-03
2011-05-17
2010
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3159
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/69162022-12-13T18:58:25Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122col_10342_56col_10342_124
Moseley's Life in Ruins: The Excavation of Lot 34 and its Structural Remains at Brunswick Town
Gutierrez, Grace D.
Ewen, Charles R., 1956-
Anthropology
During excavations at Brunswick Town in 1959, an anomalous feature was uncovered and interpreted as a rammed earth foundation on politician Edward Moseley's property. However, it was never fully investigated. This style of construction would have been atypical of the time and region in which it was constructed. Due to its anomalous nature and limited investigation, the structure on Moseley's Lot 34 became the focus of East Carolina University's 2017 Summer Field School. During the field school, excavations unearthed a concentration of mortar and brickbats, under which a brick pier was located. The existence of the building pier would seem to refute the existence of a foundation constructed of rammed earth. The subsequent analysis of the recovered artifact assemblage reflected Moseley's elite status and provided information regarding the fate of Lot 34 following Edward Moseley's death in 1749.
2018-08-14
2018-08-14
2018-08
2018-06-18
August 201
2018-08-09
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/6916
en
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/74492021-03-03T21:23:22Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122com_10342_2col_10342_56col_10342_124col_10342_8858
Bioarchaeological Analysis of a Historic North Carolina Family Cemetery
Long, Madison
Perry, Megan A
Anthropology
Bioarchaeology
historic archaeology
The Gause Cemetery at Seaside, located in Sunset Beach, North Carolina, purportedly contains members of a wealthy and influential planter family, the Gause's, who died during the late 18th and early 19th centuries. In 2017, a Gause descendant requested excavation of the cemetery by East Carolina University as part of an extensive genealogical project that will culminate in the reburial of the human skeletal remains. During the first season of excavation, three adult individuals were recovered from the cemetery, and excavation in 2018 uncovered five additional graves containing seven individuals. Six out of the seven individuals recovered in 2018 are subadults, one 6-8 years of age, one 7-8 years of age, another 1.5 years old, and three term infants. All individuals at the site display skeletal evidence of childhood non-specific stress indicators, such as linear enamel hypoplasias in the adults and children, and/or periostitis or porotic hyperostosis in the children. This evidence, along with the simultaneous burial of two of the newborns and the 6-8 year old child in the same grave possibly due to a disease epidemic based on historical evidence, suggests that even "elite" 18th and 19th century landowning families experienced childhood frailty in North Carolina.
2019-08-21
2019-08-21
2019-08
2019-07-02
August 201
2019-08-19
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/7449
en
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/67992021-03-03T21:17:57Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1col_10342_56
Working with a Refugee Outreach Organization in Rochester, New York
Drake, Katherine
Anthropology
To fulfill my master's degree requirements, I participated in an internship with Mary's Place Outreach, a non-governmental organization (NGO) located in Rochester, New York during the summer of 2013. I worked under the supervision of Cara Breslin, the program coordinator for Mary's Place, performing several tasks meant to prepare me for future work in the NGO sector. I completed 140 hours of service beginning June 3, 2013 and ending by August 2, 2013. My main tasks included assisting the program coordinator with identifying New York State ESL Program Certification requirements, teaching an adult ESL class, and employing anthropological research and certification requirements to enhance their existing curriculum if possible. I also tutored school aged-children, engaged with refugees of all ages, and assisted with clerical work as needed. Through these rolls I was able to examine the efficiency of the ESL program, identify many of the challenges confronting volunteers and the administration, and make several recommendations for the enhancement of their ESL program in the future. I began my internship with several objectives that will help prepare me for future work in NGO's and refugee agencies. First, I wanted to learn how programs are planned, organized, and implemented to target the specific needs of refugee populations located in the Rochester area focusing on English as a Second Language. Second, I would learn how the English as a Second Language (ESL) program currently meets the needs of refugees and what structural or academic changes could be made to enhance the ESL program. Third, I wanted to better understand what challenges teachers must overcome when planning curriculum and teaching ESL classes. Fourth, I wanted to better understand the impact ESL programs have on the lives of refugees. Finally, I wanted to explore how the discipline of anthropology can contribute to the non-governmental organization sector specifically refugee agencies and prepare myself for future work with NGO's.
2018-06-18
2018-06-18
2011-06
Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/6799
en
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/47092022-12-13T18:51:36Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122col_10342_56col_10342_124
Under the Sand Dunes : the Search for the Eliason House and the Socioeconomic Status of its Inhabitants
Robbins, Valerie D.
Ewen, Charles R., 1956-
Anthropology
Archaeology
History
North Carolina
The Eliason House was built for Fort Macon's commanding officer and family on Bogue Banks, North Carolina. The house stood for 35 years before being burned early in the Civil War and, until 2001, no systematic excavations were conducted at the site. The focus of this research was on archaeological investigations conducted in 2001 and 2011 at the site of the Eliason House. Analysis of this data did not reveal the location of the main house, but did locate remains of ancillary structures at the site. Future investigation into the nature of these structures is recommended.  This study also examined socioeconomic status through the artifact assemblage and the historical record to determine the Eliason House inhabitants were members of the upper middle class. It is important to consider these conclusions preliminary, as the main house has yet to be located and a more complete representation of the artifact assemblage may yet be recovered. As a representation of an Antebellum military household, the status of the Eliason House was compared to the contemporary Hay House. The precursory conclusions presented in this study demonstrate the socioeconomic status for Antebellum military and civilian households, were similar. Â
2015-02-02
2015-02-02
2014
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/4709
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/59202022-12-13T18:57:41Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122com_10342_2col_10342_56col_10342_124col_10342_8858
INDUSTRY OF DEATH: THE EFFECTS OF INDUSTRIALIZATION ON NORTH CAROLINA HEADSTONES
Goldstone, Simon
Ewen, Charles R., 1956-
Anthropology
Cemetery Studies
Headstones
Headstone Studies
Anthropology
In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, a shift from marble headstones to granite has been observed across the United States and in parts of Canada, as well. The goal of this study is to determine when this shift in headstone material occurred in North Carolina, and what factors contributed to this transition. Another objective is to determine how this shift impacted the expression of cultural meaning in North Carolina cemeteries. By examining how the shift from marble to granite caused changes to headstone morphology and style, this project will show how memorialization of individuals is influenced by headstone manufacturing processes. Ultimately, this study illustrates the effects of industrialization on the North Carolina cultural landscape as manifested in the state's cemeteries by analyzing the means of production and the expression of identity.
2016-08-25
2016-08-25
2016-08
2016-07-11
August 201
2016-08-25
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/5920
en
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/42412022-12-13T18:52:18Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122com_10342_2col_10342_56col_10342_124col_10342_8858
Beyond Historic Bath : Archaeological Investigation of Handy's Point, Bath, North Carolina
McLaughlin, Erin M.
Ewen, Charles R., 1956-
Anthropology
Archaeology
History
Handy's Point (N.C.)
Secotan (N.C.)
This thesis examines the Handy's Point site in Bath, North Carolina, to assess its chronological position, fill a void in our past knowledge, and concludes it is not the former location of the village of Secotan. Artifacts from previous archaeological investigations, a private collection, and a small survey done for this study are used to interpret and examine how the site was used in the past and by whom. These artifacts show that this was not the former site of the Native village of Secotan, but might represent a small transitory settlement or family occupation related to this larger village of Secotan. This information shows that this location had been settled for a long period of time before Bath was founded and continued to be used in one way or another since then. Â
2013-08-24
2013-08-24
2013
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/4241
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/65482021-03-03T21:16:25Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_2col_10342_56col_10342_8858
FORT BRANCH, MARTIN COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA: RESEARCH DESIGN AND SITE MANAGEMENT PLAN
Heinrich, Keith T
Ewen, Charles R., 1956-
Anthropology
The purpose of this thesis is to produce a research design and a site management plan for Fort Branch, a National Register-listed Confederate earthwork on Rainbow Bend in Martin County, North Carolina. The thesis discusses the history of Fort Branch,rnstarting with a history of the Civil War in eastern North Carolina, to provide a context for the fort's construction. A specific history of the fort discusses the defenses of Rainbow Bend and their eventual evolution into what is now Fort Branch. The research design uses the historical and archaeological background to formulate site-specific archaeological questions and uses case studies of Civil War archaeology to ensure that research at Fort Branch is placed within the context of Civil War archaeology. Previous archaeology, the archaeology of fort construction, an archaeological survey of the site, the archaeology of skirmishes, the archaeology of encampment, landscape studies, and the historic cemetery are discussed in this thesis. This research is important because it will provide the Fort Branch Battlefield Commission with ways to better interpret the battlefield, enhance its mission of preservation and restoration, and provide ways that the site can be protected for future generations.
2018-02-07
2018-02-07
2004-06
Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/6548
en
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/68012022-11-30T15:07:39Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1col_10342_56
Exploring Cultural Influences and Moral Experiences Behind Mental Illness Stigma in the U.S. Army
Handloff, Jessica R.
Avenarius, Christine
Anthropology
During recent conflicts in which the United States military is engaged, research exposed the high number of conflict veterans suffering from behavioral health problems. Existing research primarily focuses on the individual psychological processes of those suffering from mental disorders and the perceived barriers to care, the most salient of which is fear of stigmatization (Hoge et al. 2004, Ouimette et al. 2011). In order to explore mental illness stigma from the unique perspective of U.S. military service members, data were collected during semi-structured interviews with ten active duty U.S. Army officers and nine East Carolina University Reserve Officers’ Training Corps (ROTC) cadets. Personal semantic analysis and narrative analysis revealed that army officers demonstrate strong cognitive links between physical fitness and behavioral health. They also experience an acute awareness of top-down pressure regarding job performance leading to fear of mental illness affecting accomplishment of duties and tasks. It is contradictory that the unwillingness to seek professional treatment coincides with the expressed need to support and encourage others to do so.
2018-06-18
2018-06-18
2013-06
Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/6801
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/35962021-03-03T20:52:44Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122com_10342_2col_10342_56col_10342_124col_10342_8858
Prehistoric Ceramics from the Barber Creek Site (31PT259), Greenville, North Carolina
Roberts, Joseph F.
Daniel, I. Randolph
Anthropology
Archaeology
History
Native American studies
Ceramic typology
Coastal plains
Deep Creek (N.C.)
North Carolina prehistory
This is a study of the prehistoric pottery from the Barber Creek site located along the Tar River drainage in Greenville, North Carolina. Stratified archaeological remains are present in a one meter deposit of sand spanning the Archaic and Woodland periods (ca. 8000BC-AD1650). This thesis focused on an analysis of over 2700 pottery sherds from the Early and Middle Woodland periods at Barber Creek. In particular, this study refines the typological definition of the Early Woodland ceramic series known as Deep Creek--one of the least understood pottery types in North Carolina. The result of this study contributes a better understanding of the range of tempers and surface treatments found in the Deep Creek series. Â
2011-06-24
2011-06-24
2011
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3596
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/50252021-03-03T20:58:39Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122col_10342_56col_10342_124
Isotopic Investigation Of The Origins Of Homicide Victims From Qasr Hallabat
Parker, Kathryn
Perry, Megan A.
Anthropology
Archaeology
Jordan
The issue of human mobility is of foremost interest in archaeology, as are the methods through which it is studied. Direct study of human remains for information on mobility during an individual's lifetime has become possible in the last decades with the advent of isotopic testing. The following study uses the methods of strontium and oxygen isotopic ratios to investigate whether six individuals, who were discovered in a disused cistern, at Qasr Hallabat spent their early childhood at the site. This question will be addressed by comparing locally and regionally established bioavailable strontium levels to the levels in the skeletal remains from Qasr Hallabat. The results of this research indicate that oxygen isotopic ratios fall slightly above the expected range for Qasr Hallabat. Strontium isotopic values of all six individuals are indicative of a region characterized by volcanic soils or a mixed soil composition dominated by volcanic soil, and/or the individuals traveled during childhood, resulting in mixed signature of strontium from multiple geologic regions. Studies of this nature are critical to adding to the corpus of evidence for the use of the methodology around the world, but particularly in the Near East where this method has yet to be widely utilized.
2015-08-24
2017-08-24
2015
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/5025
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/68092021-03-03T21:17:58Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1col_10342_56
Internship Report: Palliative Care at Pitt County Memorial Hospital
Xu, Jing
Anthropology
2018-06-18
2018-06-18
2012-04
Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/6809
en_US
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/49952021-03-03T20:58:28Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122col_10342_56col_10342_124
Dietary Reconstruction Of Urban Inhabitants Of The 1St Century AD Petra
Appleton, Laurel
Perry, Megan A.
Anthropology
Physical anthropology
Archaeology
Middle Eastern history
Carbon
Diet
Isotopes
Jordan
Nitrogen
Reconstruction
Petra, an ancient city located in southern Jordan, is a UNESCO World Heritage site known for its architecturally grand buildings and tombs carved into sandstone bedrock. The establishment of Petra as the capital of the Nabataean kingdom heralded the beginning of the sedentarization of the rulers of the Nabataean people. Petra rose to prominence between the 2nd century B.C. and 1st century A.D. where up to 30,000 Nabataean people may have lived. Despite decades of archaeological excavations at Petra, little is known about how these inhabitants of such a large city could have supported themselves in a semi-arid environment. This study reconstructs the diet of the non-elite Nabataeans from the 1st century A.D., whose remains were excavated from the Petra North Ridge Tombs. The residents of Petra, like many ancient cities, likely relied on the hinterland for food items and it is expected that the residents supplemented their diet by importing foods to support their large population and to provide variability to the peoples' diet. Here, we use a multidisciplinary approach to reconstruct the diet of the non-elite Nabataeans. This approach includes an analysis of carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes of human and faunal remains, combined with paleobotanical, archaeological, zooarchaeological and papyrological data. Stable isotope analysis revealed that the non-elite Nabataeans had relatively homogenous [delta]¹³C and [delta]¹�N bone collagen and apatite values which indicates that non-elite. Petraeans may have ate a similar diet that relied on water-intensive C₃ plants such as barley and wheat along with meat and secondary products from animals. Evidence of local agriculture production from papyrological, archaeological and paleobotanical sources indicate that C₃ plants were grown and zooarchaeological data indicates that herd animals were brought in "on the hoof" for consumption. While these data cannot directly identify reliance on imported foods within Petra, the consumption of plant types not suited for Petra's arid environment may suggest they supplemented some locally grown crops with those imported from elsewhere. Finally, through the use of a multidisciplinary approach the data produced allows a more informed interpretation for future isotope studies.
2015-08-24
2015-08-24
2015
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/4995
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/72882021-03-03T21:21:48Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122col_10342_56col_10342_124
Rubble Along the Road: Determining the Function and Date of Occupation for a Structure on Orton Plantation
Nimmo, Wesley
Ewen, Charles R., 1956-
Anthropology
Historical Archaeology
Plantation Archaeology
Lower Cape Fear
There is little known about the daily lives of the enslaved and tenant farming African Americans who lived in the Lower Cape Fear region of North Carolina during the 19th and early 20th centuries. Even on the larger plantations in the region, the locations of their communities are often unknown. A combination of historical research and archaeological investigation was used to gain more insight into the use and dates of occupation of a structure on Orton Plantation, focusing on an area previously identified as a 19th century African American community. The structure excavated during the 2018 University of North Carolina Wilmington archaeological field school was occupied between the late antebellum period and the early 20th century, and was a cabin occupied by enslaved/tenant farming African Americans. Following the structure's identification, an effort was made to reconnect the names of African American individuals who once lived on or near Orton Plantation with three historic communities in the area. These communities were historically known as Dark Branch, Marsh Branch, and Orton. Now that physical evidence of the community at Orton, which was suggested to exist in the historical record, has been found archaeologically, further research questions can be explored surrounding aspects of the African American experience in this region during and directly after the end of slavery.
2019-06-12
2020-01-23
2019-05
2019-05-02
May 2019
2019-06-11
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/7288
en
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/29052021-03-03T20:52:44Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122col_10342_56col_10342_124
Archaeological Evidence for the Consumption of Tobacco and Coffee in Ottoman Arabia
Bouzigard, Aimee C.
Saidel, Benjamin A.
Anthropology
Anthropology
Archaeology
This thesis is to examine the nature of the archaeological evidence for coffee and tobacco consumption in Arabia during the Ottoman period (sixteenth through the early twentieth centuries). The data used in this study are culled from survey projects carried out in Saudi Arabia during the Comprehensive Survey Program (1976 - 1981). I have refined the dates of the tobacco pipes (chibouks), which will allow for a finer grain chronology for the spread of coffee and tobacco based on the material culture. Additionally, pottery parallels used in conjunction with the tobacco pipe material will aid in refining the chronology for Ottoman-period sites in northern Arabia. A large portion of this project also involves an evaluation of the methodological issues facing researchers who are attempting to study Ottoman-period components in the Middle East, as revealed in the gross survey reports from Saudi Arabia. A final facet of this project is to draw a link between the artifacts associated with coffee and tobacco consumption, and the types of sites where they are found. By distinguishing the site types associated with coffee and tobacco through the analysis of archaeological finds, we can access a clearer picture of the distribution of those artifacts in Arabia that are associated with coffee drinking and tobacco smoking in order to tell where and whom was engaging in these activities. Â
2010-09-16
2011-05-17
2010-09-16
2011-05-17
2010
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/2905
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/38842021-03-03T20:52:12Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122com_10342_2col_10342_56col_10342_124col_10342_8858
Perceptions of HIV Risk Among African American Women in Eastern North Carolina
Johnson, Jasmine M.
Mathews, Holly F.
Anthropology
Cultural anthropology
African Americans
Gender roles
HIV/AIDS
HIV risk
Women
This project involved the collection and analysis of data from pre-and post-tests and five focus groups with 54 community-dwelling, middle-aged African American women in Eastern North Carolina, in order to explore the reasons why these women underestimated their level of risk for contracting HIV. This research was conducted under the auspices of the SISTER Talk Project, a part of the REACH Out Program administered through the Brody School of Medicine. Analysis involved determining African American women's perceptions of HIV risk, reported partnership behavior, and the influence of traditional gender roles on risk-related behaviors. Partner concurrency was found to be a common behavior in the groups studied and increased risk of contracting HIV. Homosexual behavior was also found to be heavily stigmatized and often carried out in secret, causing women to be unaware that their male partners might also be engaging in sexual relations with other men, thereby increasing the risk of contracting HIV. A key finding of this study was that traditional gender role expectations inhibit women from confronting men about partner concurrency and from requesting condom use for protection. The data collected in this study indicate that although educating women about HIV does help raise awareness about risk-related behaviors, education alone is not sufficient to solve issues of powerlessness in relationships due to perceived male dominance, poverty, and lack of communication. Women who are in these situations need further intervention, which would require involving their partners in education sessions and in discussions about HIV risk. This necessary step could help reduce the risk of HIV for both men and women, as well as reduce risk due to traditional gender role expectations among partners. Â
2012-05-20
2012-05-20
2012
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3884
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/36512021-03-03T20:52:50Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122com_10342_2col_10342_56col_10342_124col_10342_8858
Reinterpreting Cribra Orbitalia Etiology in a Coastal North Carolina Algonkian Population using Computed Tomography
Vasalech, Crystal
Perry, Megan
Anthropology
Physical anthropology
Algonkian
Computed tomography
Cribra orbitalia
Diseases
Health
Porotic hyperostosis
Cribra orbitalia is visually characterized by porous lesions on the orbital roof and is often attributed to iron deficiency anemia, although other etiologies are possible. The main objective of this study is to reassess the diagnosis of iron-deficiency related cribra orbitalia in a North Carolina coastal Algonkian population (n= 50, AD 295-1460) using non-destructive methods. Microscopic techniques such as thin-ground sectioning have successfully differentiated between diploic expansion attributed to anemia as opposed pathological expressions related to other etiologies. However, such destructive techniques often are not possible with some U.S. samples because of NAGPRA provisions. Thus, we utilize non-invasive computed tomography (CT) scanning an alternative to identifying diploic expansion versus other causes of porosity in the orbital roof.  Out of a total sample size of 183 crania, 45 crania with varied forms of upper orbital lesions and 5 crania without such lesions were selected for CT scanning analysis. The axial anterior-posterior CT images would allow for distinction between diploic expansion and resorption of the corresponding cortical bone and cortical bone porosity. This preliminary study suggests that although in most cases CT scanning observations are the same as simple visual analysis, in some instances CT scanning allows for a more accurate diagnosis of diploic expansion versus porosity. While cribra orbitalia is usually attributed to anemia, orbital lesions can also indicate dietary deficiencies within the population. By more accurately understanding the etiology of cribra orbitalia in archaeological populations, we can better understand their dietary habits, health, quality of life, and overall adaptations to their unique environment. Reconsidering the etiology of cribra orbitalia has important implications for the current interpretations of malnutrition and infectious disease in earlier human populations. This new non-destructive methodology has implications for paleopathological methodology, archaeology, and Native American history. Â
2011-08-22
2011-08-22
2011
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3651
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/74472021-03-03T21:23:21Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122col_10342_56col_10342_124
QR Codes and the Public: Tools for Education at Historic Brunswick Town
Byrnes, Kimberly
Ewen, Charles R., 1956-
Anthropology
Grace-McCaskey, Cynthia
public education
archaeology
technological implementation
Public interpretation is an integral aspect of the archaeological process, and modern technology has made it easier than ever to communicate information with the general public. Technological advancements have been an aid to museums, but not all facilities may be able to afford the newest technological advancements. Quick response (QR) codes offer a cost-effective way for every museum to implement new technology into their displays. This paper identifies the visitor use of and response to QR codes aimed at explaining the archaeological process at the Brunswick Town/Fort Anderson Historic Site. It is determined that QR codes are an effective new technology which museums with smaller budgets can invest securely in.
2019-08-21
2019-08-21
2019-08
2019-07-02
August 201
2019-08-19
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/7447
en
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/45202021-03-03T20:55:58Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122col_10342_56col_10342_124
Young Adult Perceptions and Participation in the Hawaiian Cultural Renaissance Movement
Christy, Shannon
Mathews, Holly F.
Anthropology
Cultural anthropology
Cultural renaissance
Cultural revitalization
Hawaii
Language revitalization
Sovereignty
Young adults
While the Hawaiian Cultural Renaissance Movement has existed and thrived since the late 1960's, there has been little recent investigation into how the movement has changed over time or its young adult participants. This study investigated young adults' participation in the Hawaiian Cultural Renaissance Movement, gender differences within this involvement, conceptions of traditional Hawaiian culture and identity, and hopes for the future of the movement. The investigation aimed to cover the gap in research in young adults and gender within the Hawaiian Cultural Renaissance Movement, in order to inform members' future practices. This study utilizes three different methodologies: a detailed literature/historical analysis, participant observation in the Hawaiian Islands, and fourteen semi-structured interviews with movement members. Twelve of the informants were between the ages of 21- 35 years old, whereas two informants were older in order to investigate generation differences. The findings indicated that education, perpetuation of knowledge, conservation and sustainability, language revitalization, and identity were at the center of the movement for participants. The data indicated that there were no real differences between the genders, but rather that the older participants were more political and specific in their involvement than the younger participants.
2014-08-28
2014-08-28
2014
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/4520
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/47102022-12-13T18:51:53Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122com_10342_2col_10342_56col_10342_124col_10342_8858
Archaeological and Historical Investigations at Foscue Plantation : Identifying the Structure in the Vault Field
Stamper, Amanda Keeny
Ewen, Charles R., 1956-
Anthropology
Archaeology
History
Antebellum
Historical archaeology
Plantation archaeology
During the 2007 Craven Community College archaeological field school, a dense concentration of brick was discovered at the Vault Field site (31JN112**) on Foscue Plantation in eastern North Carolina. This feature was determined to be a chimney fall during the 2008 field school. The structure associated with the chimney fall continued to be excavated through 2012, with the 2011 and 2012 field schools being co-directed by the author. The goal of these excavations was to determine the identity of the structure in the Vault Field. The hypothesis tested for this thesis was that the structure was Simon Foscue, Jr.'s original house as mentioned in two deeds dated 1801 and 1803. Historic deeds and maps revealed that the structure in the Vault Field was not Simon Foscue, Jr.'s 1803 home. The parcel on which the 1803 home was located was sold in 1810, and the parcel on which the Vault Field site is located was not purchased until 1811. Archaeological and historical research were used to evaluate the likelihood that the structure in the Vault Field was a detached kitchen, slave quarter, overseer's house, or a Foscue family dwelling. Archaeological research revealed that the house was likely on the Vault Field land before the Foscue family owned it, but that it continued to be utilized during their occupation of the land. It was concluded that the structure was most likely used as a residence by various members of the Foscue family. Â
2015-02-02
2015-02-02
2014
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/4710
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/39552022-11-30T15:07:46Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122col_10342_56col_10342_124
Generational Struggles and Identity Conflict among 1.5 Generation Vietnamese Americans : Finding a Middle Ground
Pham, Bach
Avenarius, Christine
Anthropology
Cultural anthropology
Filial
Filial piety
Generational
Identity conflict
Immigration
Vietnamese
Many post-war Vietnamese who immigrated to the United States at a young age have recently transitioned into parenthood. With this new position, these Vietnamese have begun to find themselves in the unexpected arrangement of becoming cultural brokers in their own homes, mediating relationships with older Vietnamese immigrants and Americans while also attempting to find a cultural balance for their children. Drawing from data generated from a filial piety scale and interviews conducted with Vietnamese immigrants in the Carolinas, this thesis explores the inner conflict faced by these individuals who are entrusted with maintaining some semblance of traditional Vietnamese identity within a contemporary Western context. The findings reveals that this group of 1.5 generation Vietnamese Americans continue to maintain filial piety in their daily lives, but in a contemporary, alternative mode where work and career success make up the essential elements of their filial relationship. Rather than submitting to the authority of elders in traditional filial piety, this generation instead looks at occupational success and family stability as the norm for filiality. Â
2012-09-04
2012-09-04
2012
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3955
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/63542021-03-03T21:15:16Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122com_10342_2col_10342_56col_10342_124col_10342_8858
Demystifying the Huntress: Exploring the Experiences of Women Hunters in Eastern North Carolina
Bragg-Holtfreter, Dominique Patrice
Anthropology
attitudes
hunting and gender
wildlife
wildlife management
women hunters
The hunter occupies a special place in the system of human-animal interactions. When entering the natural world of wildlife each hunter learns to navigate this world in his or her own way. Hunters aid wildlife management agencies tangibly by maintaining a balance in wildlife populations and economically through hunting license fees, tags, stamps, and taxes from the sales of hunting weapons and equipment. Hunting participation in the United States has been declining over the past twenty years. However, the number of female hunters increased 25% between 2006 and 2011. The increasing concern for animal (wild and domesticate) welfare and the decreasing connectedness to nature makes the exploration of women hunters a critical component to creating a comprehensive understanding of human-animal relationships.
This study explores how women hunters in Eastern North Carolina are engaging in and experiencing hunting and uncovering their thoughts and beliefs about hunting, wildlife, and the changing place of women in hunting. The sample includes 25 women hunters, living in Eastern North Carolina. The data are collected using a four part interview instrument; a semi-structured interview, an instrument to gather demographic information, and two structured components. Using the grounded theory approach to text analysis and the software application RStudio to conduct statistical analysis of qualitative and quantitative data, three main findings emerge; the culture of hunting that enables women’s participation, women hunters’ relationships with wildlife, and the changing perspectives about women who hunt. These findings can assist wildlife management agencies to improve their understanding of women hunters in hopes of further increasing female hunting participation, educating the general public about hunters and hunting in the US, and informing policy and planning for environmental and wildlife conservation.
2017-08-09
2017-08-09
2017-08
2017-07-13
August 201
2017-08-07
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/6354
en
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/68072021-03-03T21:17:59Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_2col_10342_56col_10342_8858
GEOARCHAEOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS OF DUNE FORMATION AND ARTIFACT DEPOSITION AT BARBER CREEK (31PT259)
McFadden, Paulette S
Daniel, I. Randolph
Anthropology
The stratified prehistoric site at Barber Creek, located on a relict sand dune in
eastern North Carolina, has the potential to offer important insights into the previously
poorly understood chronologies and typologies of the coastal plain region of the state.
This study investigated how and when the dune formed, and how this formation relates to
occupation and artifact deposition. Several lines of evidence were used in this study,
including artifact analysis, sedimentology and geomorphology, ground penetrating radar
(GPR), and a suite of radiocarbon and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dates.
The evidence suggests that after 12,900 years ago, aeolian sediments accumulated on the
elevated landform, after which time Archaic groups occupied the site. Sometime after
9,000 years ago, it appears that human occupation decreased and is associated with an
increase in aeolian sedimentation. Sometime before 2,400 years ago, Middle and Late
Archaic, and later Woodland groups reoccupied the now stabilized land form and
remained until sometime after around 1,000 years ago.
2018-06-18
2018-06-18
2009-03
Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/6807
en_US
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/69132021-03-03T21:18:42Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122com_10342_2col_10342_56col_10342_124col_10342_8858
USING DENTAL METRIC ANALYSIS TO UNDERSTAND PREHISTORIC POPULATION VARIABILITY ON THE NORTH CAROLINA COASTAL PLAIN
Weidner, Kara D
Daniel, I. Randolph
Perry, Megan A
Anthropology
Biodistance Analysis
Dental Metrics
Prehistoric Native Americans
North Carolina Coastal Plain
Biodistance studies can quantify intra- and inter- population relatedness through non-metric and metric skeletal variables. In this study, dental metric traits of two linguistically distinct Late Woodland (AD 800-1650) populations, the Algonquian and Tuscarora-speaking groups within the North Carolina coastal regions, were assessed to determine if presumed linguistic barriers led to a reduced gene flow. Previous research by Kakaliouras (2003) and Killgrove (2002) using cranial and dental non-metric traits identified few significant differences in frequencies of these traits between the Algonquian and Tuscarora, suggesting little genetic differentiation between the two groups. This research used the dental metrics of 170 Algonquian and 53 Tuscarora individuals found that the Algonquians had significantly more variation in only the canine buccolingual measurement (CBL) (Levene's F=8.6644; p=0.0049). The Tuscarora had significantly more variation in the first premolar mesiodistal measurement (PM1MD) (Levene's F=65.5607; p[less than]0.0001) but otherwise identified no overall significant differences in variation (Van Valen Z=1.45012, p=0.1470). These results largely agree with other studies that utilized various cranial and dental non-metric traits, and indicate that genetic dissimilarity did not follow that of language variability. Furthermore, one site linguistically categorized as Tuscarora but which shows a mixture of Algonquian and Tuscarora culturally-affiliated artifacts, was distinguished as Algonquian in all ten measurements, including the PM1MD (t=-1.99254, p=0.0085), first molar buccolingual measurement (M1BL) (t=1.99254, p=0.0124) and first molar mesiodistal measurement (M1MD) (t=1.99354, p=0.0120).
2018-08-14
2018-08-14
2018-08
2018-05-18
August 201
2018-08-09
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/6913
en
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/32682021-03-03T20:52:47Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1col_10342_56
Increasing Use of Mammography Among Older, Rural African American Women: Results From a Community Trial
Earp, Jo Anne
Eng, Eugenia
O'Malley, Michael S.
Altpeter, Mary
Rauscher, Garth
Mayne, Linda
Mathews, Holly F.
Lynch, Kathy S.
Qaqish, Bahjat
Mammography use
Rural communities
Health advisor network intervention
Objectives. A community trial was undertaken to evaluate the effectiveness of the North Carolina Breast Cancer Screening Program, a lay health advisor network intervention intended to increase screening among rural African American women 50 years and older.
Methods. A stratified random sample of 801 African American women completed baseline (1993–1994) and follow-up (1996–1997) surveys. The primary outcome was self-reported mammography use in the
previous 2 years. Results. The intervention was associated with an overall 6 percentage point increase (95% confidence interval [CI] =−1, 14) in communitywide mammography use. Low-income women in intervention counties showed an 11 percentage point increase (95% CI = 2, 21) in use above that exhibited by lowincome women in comparison counties. Adjustment for potentially confounding characteristics did not change the results. Conclusions. A lay health advisor intervention appears to be an effective public health approach to increasing use of screening mammography among low-income, rural populations. Originally published American Journal of Public Health, Vol. 92, No. 4, Apr 2002
2011-02-28
2011-05-17
2011-02-28
2011-05-17
2002-04
Article
American Journal of Public Health; 92:4 p. 646-654
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3268
PMC1447131
10.2105/AJPH.92.4.646
en_US
http://ajph.aphapublications.org/contents-by-date.0.dtl
Author notified of opt-out rights by Cammie Jennings.
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/74482021-03-03T21:23:22Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122col_10342_56col_10342_124
Archaeological Investigations of an Early American Farmstead: The Wiley Smith Site (31MG2098)
Schmitz, Kelsey A
Ewen, Charles R., 1956-
Anthropology
Historical archaeology
homestead
archaeology
While farmsteads are relatively abundant in the historic and archaeological record, there are many issues with the current practices used to identify, evaluate, record, and study them. However, farmsteads represent a way of life that was once customary to much of the American population, and therefore deserve adequate archaeological attention. This thesis studied a late colonial/early federal period farmstead located in the Uwharrie National Forest in Montgomery County, North Carolina, that was once owned by the sheriff of Montgomery County, Wiley Smith. This project utilized artifact analyses, historical documentation, and comparative analyses to test whether or not this farmstead operated as a truly subsistence-based unit, or whether the Smith household was instead a part of the ever-growing consumerist population of the early nineteenth century. High frequencies of decorated, mass-produced historic ceramics serve as indication that the Smith household had moved well-beyond a colloquial, subsistence lifestyle and was actively participating in the emerging consumerist and commercialist American that had begun to dominate American society. Finally, a comparative analysis of multiple historical homesteads/farmsteads within the Uwharrie National Forest identify five patterned traits. These traits relate to the landscape, geography and topography, and artifacts from farmsteads in this region, and provide the groundwork for additional, broader comparative research to establish a North Carolina Piedmont farmstead pattern.
2019-08-21
2019-08-21
2019-08
2019-07-02
August 201
2019-08-19
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/7448
en
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/63472021-03-03T21:15:09Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122com_10342_2col_10342_56col_10342_124col_10342_8858
Reconstructing the Culture-History of Squires Ridge (31ED365): A Multicomponent Site within the Northern Coastal Plain of North Carolina
Hill, Kristina M
Daniel, I. Randolph
Anthropology
Cultural Chronology
Culture History
Archaeology
Prehistory
Stratigraphic
Early Archaic
Middle Archaic
Woodland
Artifact Refitting
Artifact Back-plot
Artifact Frequency Distribution
Until recently, the prehistoric culture-history of the Coastal Plain has remained the least understood region in North Carolina due to a lack of known sites with stratified context and dateable components. Sites, such as Barber Creek (31PT259) and Squires Ridge (31ED365) situated along the Tar River, have archaeological data that can refine the region's stratigraphic sequence (Moore and Daniel 2011; Phelps 1983). The excavations at these two sites have established the presence of archaeological sequences dating from the Early Archaic to the Early/Middle Woodland (11,500-1,000 Cal. BP.). Previous studies (Daniel et al. 2013; Barbour 2014) have analyzed part of the stratigraphic sequence at Squires Ridge. The research presented here analyses additional data from Squires Ridge. In this study, the stratigraphic sequence in the northern was explored using artifact back-plot, artifact frequency distributions, and artifact refitting analyses from material recovered during the 2011-2012 field seasons. The results of this analysis confirms the presence of Early Archaic through Early/Middle Woodland occupations elsewhere on the site. Through the continued analysis of Squires Ridge, the culture history of the site as well as the North Carolina Coastal Plain as a region can be better understood.
2017-08-09
2017-08-09
2017-08
2017-05-31
August 201
2017-08-07
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/6347
en
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/45192021-03-03T21:01:49Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122col_10342_56col_10342_124
Exploring Quality of Life at Petra Through Paleopathology
Canipe, Courtney
Perry, Megan A.
Anthropology
Physical anthropology
Archaeology
Bioarchaeology
North Ridge (Petra, Jordan)
Paleopathology
Jordan
Social sciences
The ancient city of Petra, Jordan was home to the capital of the Nabataean kingdom from approximately the 3rd or 2nd century B.C. to 106 A.D. During the 1st century B.C. and A.D, Petra prospered as an urban trade center as evident by its massive rock-cut architecture. Although archaeological work at the site has been ongoing since the early 1900s, much of this work has focused on Petra's architecture leaving much to be discovered about people's daily lives, particularly, the lives of the non-elites. This research project aims to uncover the health of a group of non-elites buried along Petra's North Ridge using paleopathology. First excavated in 1994, the North Ridge contains churches, domestic structures, and shaft tombs dated from the 1st-4th century A.D. In 2012 Megan Perry and S. Thomas Parker excavated three 1st century A.D. shaft tombs, two of which contained a minimum number of 28 individuals. During this study, a thorough inventory and pathological analysis was conducted on these remains. Afterwards, the pathology data collected from these 28 individuals was combined with data from previous studies on the North Ridge to bring the sample size up to 64 skeletons. These results were then compared statistically to other contemporaneous samples from varying settlement types using chi-square tests. The North Ridge remains were found to contain a surprisingly low level of chronic diseases and malnutrition in comparison to other urban samples. This may indicate that Petra's inhabitants experienced better nutrition and sanitation than previously associated with most ancient cities. However, the results of this study are preliminary and require further study, particularly, improved paleodemographic research, before they can be confirmed.
2014-08-28
2016-05-11
2014
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/4519
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/38832022-12-13T18:58:31Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122com_10342_2col_10342_56col_10342_124col_10342_8858
New Data, Old Methods : A Functional Analysis of Colonial Era Structures on the "Wooten-Marnan Lot" at Brunswick Town, North Carolina
Gabriel, Jennifer L.
Ewen, Charles R., 1956-
Anthropology
Archaeology
Brunswick Town (N.C.)
Moore, George
Historical archaeology
South, Stanley
Wooten-Marnan
Two archaeological features, N26 and N29, at Brunswick Town/Fort Anderson State Historic Site were originally located and minimally excavated by Stanley South in the late 1950s. Historical documents and limited excavations led South to interpret both N26 and N29 as colonial era features. Further archaeological investigations during the 2009 and 2011 William Peace University field schools gathered new information indicating that South's interpretation of feature N26 should be reconsidered. While the functional nature of N26 is still unknown, new evidence indicates that it is of Civil War origin, not colonial. Feature N29 was determined to be a colonial era dwelling as South previously hypothesized. It was also concluded through quantitative pattern analysis and qualitative analysis of artifacts, that the occupants of the dwelling associated with N29 was of high socioeconomic status. Â
2012-05-20
2012-05-20
2012
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3883
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/62632022-09-29T16:40:33Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1col_10342_56col_10342_72
ANALYSIS OF THE CULTURAL MODEL OF NUTRITION IN CENTRAL HONDURAS
Chapman, Victoria Leigh
Shores, Kindal
Brooks, Blakely
AS Interdisciplinary INTL
nutrition, honduras, culture
Currently present is a lack of cultural competency of the diet, the roles of available food, and preferred food choices of Hondurans. This creates disconnect between the people receiving dietary information and those who seek to educate Hondurans regarding nutritional lifestyle changes. A Cultural Domain Analysis (CDA), 24-hour food recall, and personal interviews were conducted of the diet in Taulabé Comayagua, Honduras. It was found that Hondurans typically group foods based on three main topics 1.) Items as standalone meals 2.) Everyday meals. 3.) Snack foods. This research provides information for the development and implementation of nutrition education material for the people of central Honduras.
2017-06-19
2017-06-19
2017-05
2017-05-05
May 2017
2017-06-14
Honors Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/6263
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/85942021-03-03T22:08:14Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122col_10342_56col_10342_124
THE PATTERNING OF VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN IN US CITIES AND COUNTIES
Pabst, Jennifer
Schacht, Ryan
Sexual violence against women is a global public health concern; yet determining its patterning is still largely understudied. Previous research has been useful in identifying key contributors of sexual violence, including the adult sex ratio, which is the ratio of adult men to adult women in a population, as well as elements of gender inequality. However, a more comprehensive and place-based understanding of sexual violence is still needed. Data from the U.S. Census and the National Incident Based Reporting System were used to explore the patterning of sexual violence against women in cities and counties in the United States. Through the use of generalized linear mixed models, the data were analyzed to assess the individual and joint impact that sex ratio and gender inequality have on sexual violence. The results indicated a positive association between both imbalanced sex ratios and gender inequality on sexual violence. Furthermore, models considering the two variables jointly were found to best fit the data, highlighting the benefits of including both for a more comprehensive understanding of sexual violence against women. The hope is that this research can assist in efforts to both better quantify and diminish rates of sexual violence against women.
2020-06-24
2020-06-24
5/1/2020
2020-06-22
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/8594
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/53062022-12-13T18:58:18Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122com_10342_2col_10342_56col_10342_124col_10342_8858
LAKE PHELPS DUGOUT LOG CANOES: CONSERVATION, RETREATMENT, AND PUBLIC DISPLAY
Gilman, Michell J.
Ewen, Charles R., 1956-
Anthropology
Archaeology
Lake Phelps
During the latter part of the 1980s, nearly thirty prehistoric dugout log canoes were discovered at Lake Phelps, in eastern North Carolina. Of those reported, four of these canoes were retrieved and conserved with a sugar solution while the rest were left in situ. Two of the canoes were stored and displayed at the Information Center at Pettigrew State Park located near the lake. The environment in which they were stored was not conducive for their long-term storage and display, and over time, crystallized surface deposits developed, contributing to their further degradation. They were relocated to the East Carolina University (ECU) West Research campus under the management of North Carolina Department of Cultural Resources Underwater Archaeology Branch (NCDCR UAB) for analyses and stabilization until they could be re-conserved. In fall 2014, a formal study was developed focusing on their re-conservation and eventual return to their "home" at Pettigrew State Park. Several chemical and mechanical conservation techniques were tested and results indicated further trials would be beneficial. While collaborating with conservators how to best proceed with this study, a misting technique modeled after the ultrasonic misting method was developed. Ultrasonic misting was developed as a way to consolidate artworks and other artifacts where unstable pigment was present and had not been previously tested to conserve wooden artifacts where crystallized sugars had leached onto the surface. The technique developed in this study was tested and shown to substantially improve the condition of the wooden objects used for testing. Further improvement and testing of this technique could add to conservators' selection of techniques for those wishing to conserve objects such as those presented in this thesis.
2016-05-25
2016-05-25
2015-12
2016-03-17
December 2
2016-05-25
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/5306
en
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/59262021-03-03T21:09:01Zcom_10342_55com_10342_1com_10342_122com_10342_2col_10342_56col_10342_124col_10342_8858
AN ANALYSIS OF A STONE ARTIFACT CACHE FROM THE SHELOR SITE (31MG2051) IN MONTGOMERY COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
Gross, Lori Kay
Daniel, I. Randolph
Anthropology
Archaeology
Cache
Shelor Site
Guilford
Montgomery County
Rhyolite
Morrow Mountain
31MG2051
Prehistoric artifact cache discoveries are poorly understood archaeological phenomena. A few such occurrences consisting of groups of stone artifacts buried in forgotten underground pits are known in North Carolina. This research presents the results of an analysis of the accidental discovery of a cache of 81 stone artifacts during landscaping activities by a Montgomery County resident. Referred to as the Shelor cache this analysis places the artifacts in their prehistoric temporal and spatial context. A typological comparison using existing collections focused on a quantitative analysis of artifact dimensions including length, width, thickness, and weight. A qualitative analysis focused on an analysis of flaking patterns and stone type. The result of these analyses supports a consistent artifact form with little variation in size and shape that appear to represent a collection of unfinished spear points. Moreover, a visual inspection of the stone texture, groundmass color, and the presence/absence of mineral inclusions suggest the artifacts are made from a single type of aphyric rhyolite that is distinguished by its dark gray colored groundmass and homogeneous fine-grained texture as well as its distinctive flow banding (Daniel 1998). This material was probably obtained from a nearby stone quarry in the Uwharrie Mountains. Results support that this artifact cache represents a group of stone tools manufactured and deposited during the Middle Archaic period (8900-5800 BP). The intended purpose of the cache is still unclear. Typically artifact caches are located some distance from known stone sources and were probably intended to supply items for later use where time or materials were in short supply. However, the fact that these artifacts appear to be located close to their probable stone source is somewhat unexpected. While it may not be possible to know with certainty the intended purpose of the cache, hypotheses are developed for future testing. Overall, this research contributes to the existing knowledge of cache discoveries in North Carolina and provides valuable information for future research regarding this rare archaeological phenomenon.
2016-08-26
2016-08-26
2016-05
2016-07-25
May 2016
2016-08-25
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/5926
en
East Carolina University
etdms///col_10342_56/100