2024-03-29T11:10:41Zhttps://thescholarship.ecu.edu/oai/requestoai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/123922023-03-03T08:16:29Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_527
Outer Surface Lipoproteins from the Lyme Sisease Spirochete Exploit the Molecular Switch Mechanism of the Complement Protease C1s
Garrigues, Ryan J.
Thomas, Sheila
Garcia, Brandon L.
Leong, John M.
Lyme disease
molecular switch
protease C1s
2023-03-02T18:38:14Z
2023-03-02T18:38:14Z
2022-09-29
Article
0021-9258
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/12392
10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102557
en_US
application/pdf
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/30662021-03-03T20:53:35Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_91
Dying in the city of the blues: sickle cell anemia and the politics of race and health
Savitt, Todd L.
Sickle cell anemia
African Americans
Memphis disease history
2011-01-21T19:34:35Z
2011-05-17T00:37:02Z
2011-01-21T19:34:35Z
2011-05-17T00:37:02Z
2002-10
Article
Medical History; 46:4 p. 608-609
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3066
en_US
http://www.ucl.ac.uk/histmed/publications/med_hist
application/pdf
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/58042021-03-03T21:09:26Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_102
An update on mindfulness meditation as a self-help treatment for anxiety and depression
Edenfield, Teresa M
Saeed, Sy Atezaz
mindfulness-based interventions
mindfulness meditation
mindfulness-based stress reduction
mindfulness for depression
mindfulness for anxiety
In recent years, complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) treatments have increased in popularity. This is especially true for treatments that are related to exercise and mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) in the treatment of both mental and physical illness. MBIs, such as Mindfulness-based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) and Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR), which are derived from ancient Buddhist and Yoga philosophies, have become popular treatments in contemporary psychotherapy. While there is growing evidence that supports the role of these interventions in relapse prevention, little is known about the role that MBIs play in the treatment of acute symptoms of depression and anxiety. Even less is known about the importance of specific components of MBIs (eg, mindfulness meditation [MM]) and the overall impact that these interventions have on the experience or expression of psychological distress. Moreover, few studies have rigorously evaluated the dose-response relationship that is required to effect positive symptom change and the mechanisms of change that are responsible for observed improvements. This review will define meditation and mindfulness, discuss the relationship between stress and health and how MM relates to therapeutically engaging the relaxation response, and review the empirical findings that are related to the efficacy of MM in the treatment of depression and anxiety symptoms. Given the paucity of research that examines the applications of these treatments in clinical populations, the limitations of applying these findings to clinical samples will be mentioned. A brief review of the issues related to the possible mechanisms of change and the dose-response relationship regarding MBIs, particularly MM, will be provided. Finally, limitations of the extant literature and future directions for further exploration of this topic will be offered.
2016-06-28T14:15:01Z
2016-06-28T14:15:01Z
2012
Article
Psychology Research and Behavior Management; 5: p. 131-141
1179-1578
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/5804
pmc3500142
10.2147/PRBM.S34937
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3500142/
application/pdf
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/32642021-03-03T20:55:28Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_527
Differential regulation of the attachment of KSHV infected human B cells to ECM by KSHV encoded gB and cellular alpha-V integrins
Dyson, Ossie F.
Oxendine, Telisha L.
Hamden, Khalief E.
Ford, Patrick W.
Akula, Shaw M.
KSHV
HHV-8
Cellular attachment
GB
Alpha-V
Integrins
Matrigel
Reactivation
Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) has two modes replication: latent and lytic replication. Reactivation from latency is dictated, in part, by the cell cycle. Herein, we have attempted to delineate the importance of cell cycle in KSHV pathogenesis by exploring the expression pattern of cell surface receptors during different phases of the cell cycle. αV integrin expression is augmented
during S phase in fibroblasts, epithelial, and KSHV infected cells. Using a Matrigel system, we pioneer the concept that KSHV infected primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) cells can attach to extracellular matrix proteins. This attachment is mediated primarily via αV integrins or virally encoded gB, and occurs preferentially in cells from S phase or cells from S phase actively supporting a lytic infection, respectively. Such an ability of infected B cells to attach to endothelial cells may
also aid in the dissemination of infection. The keystone of this work is that for the first time, we describe the ability of KSHV infected B cells to preferentially use cellular (αV) or viral (gB) receptors to specifically bind cells, depending upon the stage of the cell cycle and infection. Originally published Cellular Microbiology, Vol. 10, No. 7, July 2008
2011-02-28T21:12:36Z
2011-05-17T01:40:10Z
2011-02-28T21:12:36Z
2011-05-17T01:40:10Z
2008-07
Article
Cellular Microbiology; 10:7 p. 1546-1558
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3264
PMC2614929
10.1111/j.1462-5822.2008.01149.x
en_US
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1462-5822.2008.01149.x/abstract
Author notified of opt-out rights by Cammie Jennings.
application/pdf
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/117342022-11-12T08:16:11Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_527
Pathobiology and Therapeutic Relevance of GSK-3 in Chronic Hematological Malignancies
McCubrey, James A.
Martelli, Alberto M.
Paganelli, Francesca
Evangelisti, Camilla
Chiarini, Francesca
chronic hematological malignancies
GSK-3
targeted therapy
2022-11-11T13:28:40Z
2022-11-11T13:28:40Z
2022-05-31
Article
2073-4409
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/11734
10.3390/cells11111812
en_US
application/pdf
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/107312022-06-28T07:15:56Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_90
Metabolic Response as Assessed by 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography Does Not Predict Outcome in Patients with Intermediate- or High-Risk Rhabdomyosarcoma: A Report from the Children's Oncology Group Soft Tissue Sarcoma Committee
Harrison, Douglas J.
Chi, Yueh-Yun
Tian, Jing
Hingorani, Pooja
Mascarenhas, Leo
McCowage, Geoffrey B.
Weigel, Brenda J.
Venkatramani, Rajkumar
Wolden, Suzanne L.
Yock, Torunn I.
Rodeberg, David A.
Hayes-Jordan, Andrea A.
Teot, Lisa A.
Spunt, Sheri L.
Meyer, William H.
Hawkins, Douglas S.
Shulki, Barry L.
Parisi, Marguerite T.
chemotherapy
maximum standard uptake value (SUVmax)
rhabdomyosarcoma
2022-06-27T20:26:34Z
2022-06-27T20:26:34Z
2021
Article
2045-7634
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/10731
10.1002/cam4.3667
en
application/pdf
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/19012021-03-03T20:55:19Zcom_10342_122com_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_123col_10342_100
Effects of Aerobic Capacity Phenotype on Adaptive Responses to Ischemic Stress
Fontenot, Elizabeth Gail
Lust, Robert M.
Physiology
Biology, Physiology
Aerobic capacity
High capacity running rats
Ischemic disease
Low capacity running rats
Models, Animal
Biology
Physiology
Ischemic disease leads to increased tissue stress by decreasing supply of nutrients adequate to meet energy demands. To maintain functionality, compensatory mechanisms for diminished vascular supply are induced by numerous tissues factors associated with ischemia. Compensatory responses include both remodeling of the vascular network to sustain substrate delivery and adaptive responses within affected tissue to sustain function despite diminished substrate availability. Active aerobic exercise has been shown to improve both vascular and metabolic remodeling within and around ischemic tissues. However, active exercise programs, while consistently beneficial, still generate a very heterogeneous response, suggesting the potential for an important contribution from the genetic composition determining intrinsic aerobic exercise capacity. A novel rat strain, developed using forced artificial selection for intrinsic endurance running capacity, provides a unique tool that enables assessment of intrinsic aerobic capacity and the effects of these phenotypes on adaptive responses to ischemic stress. Untrained low endurance running capacity (LCR) rats were found to have a higher incidence of risk factors for ischemic disease and may have differing vascular and metabolic responses to peripheral artery occlusion. The overall goal of this dissertation was to determine the influence of intrinsic exercise capacity on the vascular and metabolic adaptive responses to ischemic stress. This study tested the hypothesis that the LCR would show altered vascular and metabolic adaptive responses in response to peripheral arterial occlusion, compared to HCR counterparts. Muscle samples from both the ischemic and the non-ischemic limb in both strains were compared metabolically for their relative capacity to oxidize fatty acid, histologically for the anatomical vascular capillarity supporting perfusion, and functionally using both perfusion tracers to track blood flow, and direct muscle stimulation to test fatigue characteristics. Biomarkers obtained using PCR were obtained to suggest potential pathways accounting for differences in response between the phenotypes. Results indicate that intrinsic aerobic phenotype does alter both the resting tolerance for demand induced ischemia, as well as the adaptive compensatory responses to chronic anatomic arterial obstruction. The LCRs showed both a reduced capacity for demand induced workloads, as well as responses to chronic obstruction that were both delayed in onset, and delayed in induction compared to HCR counterparts. These data may have implications for better structuring active exercise programs to achieve intended outcomes in limiting consequences associated with cardiovascular disease risk factors.
Ph.D.
2009-09-02T17:30:35Z
2011-05-17T00:59:16Z
2009-09-02T17:30:35Z
2011-05-17T00:59:16Z
2009
Doctoral Dissertation
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/1901
en_US
154 p.
dissertations, academic
application/pdf
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/45632021-03-03T20:57:57Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73com_10342_122col_10342_3934col_10342_124
Intratracheal instillation of silver nanoparticles exacerbates cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury in male sprague-dawley rats
Holland, Nathan A.
Wingard, Christopher J.
Biomedical Sciences
Physiology
Toxicology
Cardiac
Inflammation
Ischemia
Nanomaterial
Reperfusion
Silver
Biology, Physiology
Myocardial Infarction
Reperfusion Injury
Nanoparticles--adverse effects
The uses of engineered nanomaterials have expanded in biomedical technology and consumer manufacturing. Exposure to particulate matter has been demonstrated to negatively influence cardiovascular health and expand myocardial infarction. Furthermore, pulmonary exposure to various engineered nanomaterials has, likewise, demonstrated the ability to exacerbate cardiac ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury. We hypothesized that pulmonary exposure to AgNP induces cardiovascular toxicity in the form of expanded I/R injury, electrical dysfunction and inducing a persistent increase in circulating proinflammatory cytokines. To test this hypothesis, we exposed male SD rats to an intratracheal (IT) instillation of 200 µg of 20 or 110 nm polyvinylprryolidone (PVP) or citrate capped AgNP, in 200 ul of the respective PVP or citrate vehicle. Serum samples were collected prior to instillation and 1, 3, 6, 24, 48, 72, and 168 hours following instillation. Serum samples were analyzed by multiplex assay for concentrations of: G-CSF, GM-CSF, MIP-1a, IL -1b, IL-2, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-13, IL-17a, IL-18, MCP-1, IFNy, RANTES, and TNFa. Twenty four and 168 hours after IT exposure, cardiac ischemia was induced by left anterior descending coronary artery ligation for 20 minutes followed by 2 hours of reperfusion. Intraoperative ECG was monitored throughout cardiac I/R surgery for heart rate (HR), PR interval, and QT interval. To test the impact of silver ion exposure on cardiac I/R injury we administered 200 ul of 0.01 mg/mL, 0.1 mg/mL, or 1 mg/mL silver acetate (AgAc) and induced cardiac I/R 24 hours later. Intratracheal instillation of AgNP resulted in expansion of I/R injury for both sizes of citrate and PVP capped AgNP at both 24 hours and 168 following instillation; exposure to 0.1 and 1 mg/mL AgAc also resulted in expansion of I/R injury. Intratracheal instillation of AgNP did not result in increased serum concentrations of selected proinflammatory cytokines, however post I/R serum levels of IL-2, IL-6, and IL-18 were significantly elevated in rats exposed to 20 nm PVP capped AgNP compared to vehicle controls at 24 hours post instillation. Instillation of AgNP had no impact on HR or QT interval. However, exposure to 20 nm AgNP resulted in a differential prolongation or shortening of PR interval during reperfusion based on capping agent. In conclusion IT instillation of AgNP exacerbates cardiac I/R injury 24 and 168 hours following instillation, without inducing a strong systemic inflammatory response or electrical dysfunction. Exposure to AgNP may result in a sensitization of the immune system in response to a secondary insult (e.g., cardiac I/R) which are largely correlated with capping agents and particle size and may drive expansion of I/R injury at 24 and 168 hours following IT instillation of AgNP. Â
M.S.
2014-08-28T15:05:33Z
2014-08-28T15:05:33Z
2014
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/4563
125 p.
dissertations, academic
application/pdf
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/41422021-03-03T20:55:21Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_100
Multiple Kinase Involvement in the Regulation of Vascular Growth
Adderley, Shaquria P.
Joshi, Chintamani N.
Martin, Danielle N.
Mooney, Shayna
Tulis, David A.
The initial discovery of protein phosphorylation as a regulatory mechanism for the control of glycogen metabolism has led to intense interest of protein phosphorylation in regulating protein function (Cohen et al., 2001). Kinases play a variety of roles in many physiological processes within cells and represent one of the largest families in the human genome with over 500 members comprising protein serine/threonine, tyrosine, and dual-specificity kinases (Manning et al., 2002). Phosphorylation of proteins is one of the most significant signal transduction mechanisms which regulate intracellular processes such as transport, growth, metabolism, apoptosis, cystoskeletal arrangement and hormone responses (Bononi et al., 2011; Heidenreich et al., 1991; Manning et al., 2002; Pawson et al., 2000). As such, abnormal phosphorylation of proteins can be either a cause or a consequence of disease. Kinases are regulated by activator and inhibitor proteins, ligand binding, and phosphorylation by other proteins or via autophosphorylation (Hanks et al., 1991; Hug et al., 1993; Scott, 1991; Taylor et al., 1990; Taylor et al., 1992). Since kinases play key functions in many cellular processes, they represent an attractive target for therapeutic interventions in many disease states such as cancer, inflammation, diabetes and arthritis (Cohen et al., 2010; Fry et al., 1994; Karin, 2005; Mayers et al., 2005). In particular, the serine/threonine family of kinases comprises approximately 125 of the 500 family of kinases and includes the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-dependent protein kinase (PKA), the cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-dependent protein kinase (PKG), and protein kinase C (PKC). These kinases are implicated in the regulation of cell growth and are the focus of this current study.
We would like to acknowledge Jonathan C. Fox and Patti Shaver for assistance with isolation and culture of rat primary vascular smooth muscle cells. This project was supported by Award Number R01HL081720 from the National Institutes of Health National
Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), by ARRA Award Number R01HL081720-03S2, and by Post-doctoral Research Supplement Award Number R01HL081720-05S1 from the NHLBI.
2013-04-05T19:49:12Z
2013-04-05T19:49:12Z
2012-06
Chapter
Advances in Protein Kinases; edited by G. Da Silva Xavier p. 131-150
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/4142
en_US
http://cdn.intechopen.com/pdfs/37381.pdf
application/pdf
New York: InTech Open Access Publishers
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/33172022-12-09T16:06:02Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_77
Conservation of the regulated structure of folded myosin 2 in species separated by at least 600 million years of independent evolution
Jung, Hyun Suk
Burgess, Stan A.
Billington, Neil
Colegrave, Melanie
Patel, Hitesh
Chalovich, Joseph
Chantler, Peter D.
Knight, Peter J.
Electron microscopy
Molluscan muscle
Regulation
Smooth muscle
Image processing
The myosin 2 family of molecular motors includes isoforms regulated
in different ways. Vertebrate smooth-muscle myosin is activated by phosphorylation of the regulatory light chain, whereas scallop striated adductor-muscle myosin is activated by direct calcium binding to its essential light chain. The paired heads of inhibited molecules from myosins regulated by phosphorylation have an asymmetric arrangement with motor–motor interactions. It was unknown whether such interactions were a common motif for inactivation used in other forms of myosin-linked regulation. Using electron microscopy and single-particle image processing, we show that indistinguishable structures are indeed found in myosins and heavy meromyosins isolated from scallop striated adductor muscle and turkey gizzard smooth muscle. The similarities extend beyond the shapes of the heads and interactions between them: In both myosins, the tail folds into three segments, apparently at identical sites; all three segments are in close association outside the head region; and two segments are associated in the same way with one head in the asymmetric arrangement. Thus, these organisms, which have different regulatory mechanisms and diverged from a common ancestor >600 Myr ago, have the same quaternary structure. Conservation across such a large
evolutionary distance suggests that this conformation is of fundamental
functional importance. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science, Vol. 105, No. 16, Apr 2008
2011-04-13T20:56:10Z
2011-05-17T01:27:02Z
2011-04-13T20:56:10Z
2011-05-17T01:27:02Z
2008-04-22
Article
Proceedings of the National Academy of Science; 105:16 p. 6022-6026
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3317
PMC2329715
10.1073/pnas.0707846105
en_US
http://www.pnas.org/content/105/16/6022
Author notified of opt-out rights by Cammie Jennings prior to upload of this article.
application/pdf
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/52912021-03-03T21:00:32Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_75
Chondroprotective Effect of Kartogenin on CD44-Mediated Functions in Articular Cartilage and Chondrocytes
Ono, Yohei
Ishizuka, Shinya
Knudson, Cheryl B.
Knudson, Warren
2016-05-24T18:32:28Z
2016-05-24T18:32:28Z
2014-07
Article
Cartilage; 5:3 p. 172-180
1947-6035
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/5291
pmc4297178
10.1177/1947603514528354
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25610529
application/pdf
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/63642021-03-03T21:15:05Zcom_10342_122com_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_123col_10342_100
Cardiovascular Outcomes Following Xenobiotic Pulmonary Exposures
Holland, Nathan A.
Lust, Robert M.
Physiology
Ischemia
Reperfusion
Myocardial Infarction
Vascular
IL-6
Cardiovascular Diseases
Xenobiotics
Lung
Particulate Matter
Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of mortality in the developed world. Over the past decades, investigations have demonstrated that pulmonary exposure to xenobiotic particulate matter promotes and exacerbates cardiovascular disease including myocardial infarction. The impact of particulate matter on cardiovascular health has served as a backdrop concern raising questions regarding the potential exposure risks to the plethora of naturally occurring, industrial or combustion by-product, and engineered PM. Given historical trends towards increased human exposure to PM, as well as the mounting prevalence of CVD understanding the synergistic relationship between PM exposures and CVD is crucial. As a result, investigations of PM-induced mechanisms of toxicity have grown in kind. Despite this effort the putative mechanisms that underlie CVD and exposure to PM remain elusive. We set out to explore the potential mechanisms that result in cross-talk between the pulmonary and cardiovascular systems whereby exposure to various forms of PM is capable of inducing expansion of cardiac ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. These mechanisms include mitochondrial dysfunction, alterations in vascular reactivity, and increased sensitivity to cytokine mediated inflammation. Following exposure to silver nanoparticles (AgNP) or multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) we observed expansion of cardiac ischemia reperfusion injury, increased mitochondrial sensitivity to Ca++ leading to mitochondrial transition, elevations in circulating cytokines, including IL-6, independent of gross pulmonary injury, as well as coronary vascular dysfunction. Furthermore, we uncovered a relationship between PM exposures and up-regulation of IL-6 trans-signaling. The link between PM, cardiac I/R injury and IL-6 trans-signaling led to investigation of the potential role for IL-6 and its trans-signaling mechanism in the setting of acute myocardial infarction. We conclude that exposure to PM primes organ systems to over-respond to a secondary insult i.e. cardiac I/R injury, however the mechanisms that drive this response remain elusive.
2017-08-09T16:06:32Z
2020-01-23T09:01:58Z
2017-08
2017-07-06
August 2017
2017-08-07T21:29:10Z
Doctoral Dissertation
text
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/6364
en
application/pdf
application/pdf
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/57402021-03-03T21:11:14Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_96
Feasibility of image-guided radiotherapy based on helical tomotherapy to reduce contralateral parotid dose in head and neck cancer
Nguyen, Nam P.
Vos, Paul
Vinh-Hung, Vincent
Ceizyk, Misty
Smith-Raymond, Lexie
Stevie, Michelle
Slane, Benjamin
Chi, Alexander
Desai, Anand
Krafft, Shane P.
Jang, Siyoung
Hamilton, Russ
Karlsson, Ulf
Abraham, Dave
Head and neck cancer
Tomotherapy
Parotid sparing
Background
To evaluate the feasibility of image-guided radiotherapy based on helical Tomotherapy to spare the contralateral parotid gland in head and neck cancer patients with unilateral or no neck node metastases.
Methods
A retrospective review of 52 patients undergoing radiotherapy for head and neck cancers with image guidance based on daily megavoltage CT imaging with helical tomotherapy was performed.
Results
Mean contralateral parotid dose and the volume of the contralateral parotid receiving 40 Gy or more were compared between radiotherapy plans with significant constraint (SC) of less than 20 Gy on parotid dose (23 patients) and the conventional constraint (CC) of 26 Gy (29 patients). All patients had PTV coverage of at least 95% to the contralateral elective neck nodes. Mean contralateral parotid dose was, respectively, 14.1 Gy and 24.7 Gy for the SC and CC plans (p < 0.0001). The volume of contralateral parotid receiving 40 Gy or more was respectively 5.3% and 18.2% (p < 0.0001)
Conclusion
Tomotherapy for head and neck cancer minimized radiotherapy dose to the contralateral parotid gland in patients undergoing elective node irradiation without sacrificing target coverage.
2016-06-27T15:19:45Z
2016-06-27T15:19:45Z
2012
Article
BMC Cancer; 12: p. 175-175
1471-2407
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/5740
pmc3411401
10.1186/1471-2407-12-175
http://bmccancer.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2407-12-175
application/pdf
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/115632022-10-21T07:15:58Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_97
Donor-Derived Neuroendocrine Carcinoma Transmission to Two Kidney Transplant Recipients Demonstrated by Short Tandem Repeat Analysis: A Case Report
Takeda, Kotaro
Geisinger, Kim R.
Rebellato, Lorita M.
Mittenzwei, Rhonda
Datto, Michael B.
Cancer transmission
transplant recipient
Neuroendocrine Carcinoma
2022-10-20T15:38:22Z
2022-10-20T15:38:22Z
2021
Article
0041-1345
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/11563
10.1016/j.transproceed.2021.03.002
en_US
application/pdf
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/117402022-11-12T08:16:09Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_87
Garcinia Cambogia, Either Alone or in Combination with Green Tea Causes Moderate to Severe Liver Injury
Tillmann, Hans L.
herbal and dietary supplement
hepatotoxicity
weight loss supplement
2022-11-11T21:43:01Z
2022-11-11T21:43:01Z
2022-06
Article
1542-3565
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/11740
10.1016/j.cgh.2021.08.015
en_US
application/pdf
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/123232023-02-15T08:16:28Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_103
Pressure-Mediated Reflection Spectroscopy Criterion Validity as a Biomarker of Fruit and Vegetable Intake: A 2-Site Cross-Sectional Study of 4 Racial or Ethnic Groups
Jilcott Pitts, Stephanie B.
Johnson, Nevin
et al
skin carotenoids
biomarker
fruit and vegetable intake
2023-02-13T18:23:37Z
2023-02-13T18:23:37Z
2022
Article
0022-3166
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/12323
10.1093/jn/nxab349
en_US
application/pdf
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/95902022-02-01T08:15:46Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_527
Clusterin Enhances AKT2-mediated Motility of Normal and Cancer Prostate Cells Through a PTEN and PHLPP1 Circuit
McCubrey, James A.
AKT2�mediated motility
cancer prostate cells
Clusterin (CLU)
2022-01-31T19:21:32Z
2022-01-31T19:21:32Z
2019-07
Article
0021-9541
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/9590
10.1002/jcp.27768
en_US
application/pdf
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/95862022-02-01T08:15:47Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_527
Phospholipase C Beta1 (PI-PLCbeta1)/Cyclin D3/protein Kinase C (PKC) Alpha Signaling Modulation During Iron-Induced Oxidative Stress in Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)
McCubrey, James A.
deferasirox
inositides
reactive oxygen species
2022-01-31T19:20:54Z
2022-01-31T19:20:54Z
2020-11
Article
0892-6638
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/9586
10.1096/fj.202000933RR
en_US
application/pdf
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/57832021-03-03T21:00:59Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_100
Biomarkers of Disease and Treatment in Murine and Cynomolgus Models of Chronic Asthma
Louten, Jennifer
Mattson, Jeanine D.
Malinao, Maria-Christina
Li, Ying
Emson, Claire
Vega, Felix
Wardle, Robert L.
Van Scott, Michael R.
Fick, Robert B.
McClanahan, Terrill K.
de Waal Malefyt, Rene
Beaumont, Maribel
biomarkers
asthma
proximal fluid/tissue
corticosteroids
asthma treatment
nonhuman primate
murine
Background
Biomarkers facilitate early detection of disease and measurement of therapeutic efficacy, both at clinical and experimental levels. Recent advances in analytics and disease models allow comprehensive screening for biomarkers in complex diseases, such as asthma, that was previously not feasible.
Objective
Using murine and nonhuman primate (NHP) models of asthma, identify biomarkers associated with early and chronic stages of asthma and responses to steroid treatment.
Methods
The total protein content from thymic stromal lymphopoietin transgenic (TSLP Tg) mouse BAL fluid was ascertained by shotgun proteomics analysis. A subset of these potential markers was further analyzed in BAL fluid, BAL cell mRNA, and lung tissue mRNA during the stages of asthma and following corticosteroid treatment. Validation was conducted in murine and NHP models of allergic asthma.
Results
Over 40 proteins were increased in the BAL fluid of TSLP Tg mice that were also detected by qRT-PCR in lung tissue and BAL cells, as well as in OVA-sensitive mice and house dust mite-sensitive NHP. Previously undescribed as asthma biomarkers, KLK1, Reg3γ, ITLN2, and LTF were modulated in asthmatic mice, and Clca3, Chi3l4 (YM2), and Ear11 were the first lung biomarkers to increase during disease and the last biomarkers to decline in response to therapy. In contrast, GP-39, LCN2, sICAM-1, YM1, Epx, Mmp12, and Klk1 were good indicators of early therapeutic intervention. In NHP, AMCase, sICAM-1, CLCA1, and GP-39 were reduced upon treatment with corticosteroids.
Conclusions and clinical relevance
These results significantly advance our understanding of the biomarkers present in various tissue compartments in animal models of asthma, including those induced early during asthma and modulated with therapeutic intervention, and show that BAL cells (or their surrogate, induced sputum cells) are a viable choice for biomarker examination.
2016-06-27T19:01:14Z
2016-06-27T19:01:14Z
2012
Article
Biomarker Insights; 7: p. 87-104
1177-2719
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/5783
pmc3403565
10.4137/BMI.S9776
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3403565/
application/pdf
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/105022022-03-30T07:16:29Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_106
Contraception and Conception After Bariatric Surgery
Pories, Walter J.
Contraception
Conception
Bariatric Surgery
2022-03-29T13:24:45Z
2022-03-29T13:24:45Z
2017-11-01
Article
0029-7844
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/10502
10.1097/AOG.0000000000002323
en_US
application/pdf
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/124412023-03-28T16:00:41Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_86
Concussion Recovery in Children and Adolescents
Ferderber, Megan Lynn
Rizk, Christina
Zsoldos, Shellie
Meardon, Stacey
Lin, Chia-Cheng
head injuries/concussion
pediatric sports medicine
clinical assessment/grading scales
2023-03-28T16:00:41Z
2023-03-28T16:00:41Z
2022
Article
2325-9671
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/12441
10.1177/23259671221143486
en_US
application/pdf
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/122292023-02-11T08:16:15Zcom_10342_122com_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_123col_10342_103
Evaluation of the use of Wastewater Based Epidemiology as a Surveillance Tool and the Potential effects of Vaccines and Students' Beliefs and Practices in Mitigating the Spread of COVID-19 Among Students at East Carolina University
White, Avian
Humphrey, Charles
Public Health
Wright, LaNika
Fallon, John
Iverson, Guy
Wastewater
Epidemiology
COVID-19
Wastewater-Based Epidemiology
Surveillance
Worldwide, newly emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases and pathogens have led to increases in the number and frequency of disease outbreaks. Although these disease outbreaks are not new, increases in outbreaks have led to the need for public health agencies to effectively monitor disease spread. It has been estimated that 25% of 60 million deaths occurring yearly are the result of infectious diseases (Fauci et al., 2005; Nii-Trebi, 2017). Thus, disease monitoring tools are of utmost importance. The outbreak and spread of a severe acute respiratory illness in China alerted the world to a potentially new or re-emerging pathogen. As the virus rapidly spread, it was named “Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome 2� (SARS-CoV-2) by the World Health Organization (WHO). The SARS-CoV-2 virus was deemed a public health emergency and later declared a pandemic as people across the world contracted COVID-19. The rapid spread of the COVID-19 pandemic underscored the need for disease monitoring and surveillance to mitigate spread. SARS-CoV-2 causes fever, dry cough, shortness of breath and in some instances loss of taste and smell. However, some persons, particularly those with pre-existing conditions, may experience severe symptoms of high fever, severe cough pneumonia, and even death (WHO, 2020). In the United States alone, an estimated 88,044,073 cases have occurred since the start of the epidemic (Worldometer, 2022).
Early strategies to handle the epidemic included temporary sheltering in-place orders, and many institutions including schools and universities shifted to online strategies to ensure continuity in learning. As these entities later sought to fully re-open and regain a sense of normalcy, many were tasked with establishing monitoring systems to help detect potential outbreaks. The use of wastewater-based surveillance was evaluated as a tool in helping to identify when and where student polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing should be conducted. Here, we utilized wastewater-based epidemiology by sampling dormitory wastewater thrice weekly during Spring and Fall 2021. Data obtained from this sampling was used to help identify potential cases of COVID-19 in dormitories. Additionally, as vaccines were developed and distributed, the relationship between vaccination rates and COVID-19 cases on campus was investigated. Lastly, students’ attitudes and behaviors toward the virus were also evaluated by administering an online survey tool designed through REDCAP systems. This survey utilized a Likert scale where possible to aid in analysis and comparison of student responses between Spring 2021 and Fall 2021 semesters.
Results from this study found significantly higher concentrations of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater were observed during the Spring relative to the Fall semester. Dorms with higher numbers of COVID-19 cases also had higher concentrations of SARS-CoV-2 in their wastewater. A significant inverse relationship was observed between vaccine rates and student COVID-19 cases. As vaccinations rates increased within the dormitories, the number of student cases decreased. Students became more receptive to the vaccine in the Fall semester in comparison to the Spring. This change in attitudes may have helped the University’s vaccination rates in the Fall semester thus affecting student COVID-19 rates. Here, we saw students a significant difference in virus perception between Spring 2021 and Fall 2021 semesters. Specifically, a lower number of students having a negative perception of the virus. Additionally, students reported having less restrictive behavior (e.g., visitors, mask wearing) in Fall 2021 compared to Spring 2021. Overall, this study showed that universities may successfully use surveillance techniques such as wastewater-based epidemiology to help determine when swarm testing of students should be initiated. It also provided evidence that vaccination campaigns may have helped to reduce the incidence rate of COVID-19 on campus. Gaining an understanding of how students feel and behave regarding the threat of disease outbreaks, the implementation of various preventative measures, and the effects that changes in educational delivery platforms may have on learning and social interactions are also important for developing successful programs to mitigate the spread of diseases.
2023-02-10T18:20:01Z
2022-12
2022-12-01
December 2022
2023-01-31T21:14:32Z
Doctoral Dissertation
text
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/12229
en
application/pdf
application/pdf
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/111252024-02-19T17:19:09Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73com_10342_122col_10342_75col_10342_123
INVESTIGATING MECHANISMS REGULATING MAMMALIAN SPERMATOGONIAL DIFFERENTIATION AND MEIOTIC INITIATION
Kirsanov, Oleksandr
Geyer, Christopher B
Anatomy and Cell Biology
Retinoic Acid
Differentiation
Meiosis
Germ Cells
Male Contraception
Spermatogonia
Spermatogenesis
Animals
Spermatogonia differentiation and meiotic initiation are complex processes essential for male fertility. Despite knowing for nearly 60 years that retinoic acid (RA) is instrumental for successful production of functional sperm, molecular mediators that regulate spermatogonial differentiation and prepare male germ cells for meiosis are poorly defined. The work presented here is organized into chapters and demonstrates my efforts to develop new tools to study germ cell development and to employ these tools to investigate the role and the developmental timeframes of RA activity during differentiation and meiotic initiation. In chapter 1, I examine published studies on development of germ cells starting at establishment of male germline in fetus to production of functional sperm in adult and highlight significant gaps in knowledge that are addressed with my work. In chapter 2, I describe negative effects of Everolimus, a pharmaceutical compound commonly used to treat cancer, on male fertility in mice. In chapter 3, I identify a new fluorescent reporter mouse model used to isolate large, highly enriched, precise population of germ cell at specific stages of their development and present a new culture system to study male germ cells in vitro. In chapter 4, I test the requirement for RA signaling during spermatogenesis.
2022-09-12T14:52:18Z
2022-07
2022-06-27
July 2022
2022-08-30T19:21:04Z
Doctoral Dissertation
text
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/11125
en
application/pdf
application/pdf
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/55762021-03-03T21:07:03Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_527
Analysis of the mutation in cutaneous melanoma patients with occupational sun exposure
Candido, Saverio
Rapisarda, Venerando
Marconi, Andrea
Malaponte, Graziella
Bevelacqua, Valentina
Gangemi, Pietro
Scalisi, Aurora
McCubrey, James A.
Maestro, Roberta
Spandidos, Demetrios A.
Fenga, Concettina
Libra, Massimo
occupational sun exposure
melanoma
B-RAFV600E mutations
Sun-exposure is one of the risk factors associated with the development of a cutaneous neoplasm. In melanoma, the Ras-Raf-MEK-ERK (MAPK) signaling pathway is constitutively activated through multiple mechanisms, including B-RAF mutation. It has been hypothesized that B-RAF mutations in melanocytic lesions arise from DNA damage induced by ultraviolet (UV) radiation. However, it is still discussed if B-RAF mutations are associated with melanoma patients exposed to the sun. Therefore, in the present study, the known B-RAFV600E mutation was analysed in melanoma samples from 30 indoor and 38 outdoor workers. B-RAFV600E mutation was detected in 52 and 73% of outdoor workers and indoor workers, respectively. Of note, this mutation was identified in 12 of 14 (85%) melanoma of the trunk diagnosed in indoor workers and in 9 of 19 (47%) samples from outdoor workers (p=0.03). By analyzing melanomas of other body sites, no statistical difference in the frequency of B-RAFV600E mutation was identified between the groups of workers. It appears that the mutation detected among indoor workers may be associated with a recreational or intermittent exposure to the sun, as usually the trunk is a sun-protected body site. Overall, these data indicate that the B-RAFV600E mutation detected in melanoma is not associated with a chronic exposure to the sun. Mutations detected in other genes may also contribute to melanoma development in the subset of patients exposed to UV radiation.
2016-06-14T13:42:09Z
2016-06-14T13:42:09Z
2014-03
Article
Oncology Reports; 31:3 p. 1079-1082
1021-335X
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/5576
pmc3926654
10.3892/or.2014.2977
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3926654/
application/pdf
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/88652021-03-03T22:11:07Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_86
How to cook healthy meals at home on a budget
Trei, Alexander
Kolasa, Kathryn M
medicine, nutrition, healthy, budget, diet
Medical and dietetic students often co-author a column for the Daily Reflector under Dr. Kolasa's byline. The students research the topic a reader or patient has asked. Dr. Kolasa reviews their draft for technical accuracy, patient friendly language, people first language. She fact checks the study or other evidence-based reference the student provides. If a physician review is appropriate, Dr. Kolasa requests a colleague from ECU physicians to review the article. The final draft is submitted to the Reflector with the editor having the final say. The headline is written by the Reflector headline writer. The food and nutrition column has run weekly since 1987. Starting in 2020, in addition to the Daily Reflector, the article is published in daily and weekly papers owned by the Adams Publishing Group East (https://adamspg.com)
This is a weekly Q and A newspaper column under the byline of Dr. Kathy Kolasa. Today's column discussed how to eat healthy on a budget.
None.
2021-02-24T20:31:37Z
2021-02-24T20:31:37Z
2021-02-24
Other Scholarly Work
Alexander T, Kolasa KM. How to cook healthy meals at home on a budget. February 24, 2021, pages B4. Also at www.reflector.com. Accessed February 24, 2021
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/8865
en_US
www.reflector.com
1
application/pdf
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/98832022-02-27T08:15:01Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_100
Induced in Vivo Knockdown of the Brca1 Gene in Skeletal Muscle Results in Skeletal Muscle Weakness
Spangenburg, Espen
Tarpey, Michael D.
Amorese, Adam J.
Balestrieri, Nicholas P.
Ryan, Terence E.
McClung, Joseph M.
Renegar, Randall H.
Brca1 gene
skeletal muscle
mitochondrial DNA
2022-02-26T16:34:15Z
2022-02-26T16:34:15Z
2019-12-16
Article
0022-3751
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/9883
10.1113/jp276863
en_US
application/pdf
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/30392021-03-03T20:54:56Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_96
Radioprotective Effect of American Ginseng on Human Lymphocytes at 90 Minutes Post-irradiation: A Study of 40 Cases
Lee, Tung-Kwang
O'Brien, Kevin F.
Wang, Weidong
Johnke, Roberta M.
Sheng, Chao
Benhabib, Sidi Mohammed
Wang, Tao
Allison, Ron R.
American ginseng
Radiation
Micronuclei
Lymphocytes
Oxidative stress
WR-1065
Backgroundâ Ionizing radiation (IR) initiates intracellular oxidative stress through enhanced
formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that attack DNA leading to cell death. As the diversity
of IR applied in medicine, agriculture, industry, and the growing threats of global terrorism, the
acquisition of radioprotectors is an urgent need for the nation. However, the applicability of
radioprotectors currently under investigation is limited due to their inherent toxicity.
Objectiveâ This study investigated the effect of a standardized North American ginseng extract
(NAGE, total ginsenoside content: 11.7%) on DNA damage in human lymphocytes at 90 min postirradiation.
Designâ With the application of NAGE (250 â 1000 μg mlâ 1) at 90 min post-irradiation (1 and 2
Gy), DNA damage in lymphocytes obtained from 40 healthy individuals was evaluated by
cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) assay. Similar experiments were also performed in
lymphocytes treated with WR-1065 (1 mM or 3mM). In addition, before and after irradiation,
lymphocytes obtained from 10 individuals were measured for their total antioxidant capacity (TAC)
and the reactive oxygen species (ROS).
Resultsâ The significant effect of NAGE against 137Cs-induced MN in lymphocytes is
concentration-dependent. NAGE (750 μg mlâ 1) reduced MN yield by 50.7% after 1 Gy and 35.9%
after 2 Gy exposures, respectively; these results were comparable to that of WR-1065. Further, we
also found that NAGE reduces MN yield and ROS but increases TAC in lymphocytes.
Conclusionsâ Our results suggest that NAGE is a relatively non-toxic natural compound that
holds radioprotective potential in human lymphocytes even when applied at 90 min post-irradiation.
One of the radioprotective mechanisms may be mediated through the scavenging of free radicals and
enhancement of the intracellular TAC. Originally published Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine Vol. 16, No. 5 2010.
2011-01-06T21:56:46Z
2011-05-17T00:42:47Z
2011-01-06T21:56:46Z
2011-05-17T00:42:47Z
2010-05
Article
Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine; 16:5 p. 561-567
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3039
PMC2876338
en_US
http://www.liebertonline.com/doi/abs/10.1089/acm.2009.0590
application/pdf
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/32352021-03-03T20:52:18Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_106
Robotic Surgical Training in an Academic Institution
Chitwood, W. Randolph
Nifong, L. Wiley
Chapman, William H. H.
Felger, Jason E.
Bailey, B. Marcus
Ballint, Tara
Mendleson, Kim G.
Kim, Victor B.
Young, James A.
Albrecht, Robert A.
Robotic procedures
Training curriculum
Cardiac surgery
Objective
To detail robotic procedure development and clinical applications
for mitral valve, biliary, and gastric reflux operations, and
to implement a multispecialty robotic surgery training curriculum
for both surgeons and surgical teams.
Summary Background Data
Remote, accurate telemanipulation of intracavitary instruments
by general and cardiac surgeons is now possible.
Complex technologic advancements in surgical robotics require
well-designed training programs. Moreover, efficient robotic
surgical procedures must be developed methodically
and safely implemented clinically.
Methods
Advanced training on robotic systems provides surgeon confidence
when operating in tiny intracavitary spaces. Three-dimensional
vision and articulated instrument control are essential. The
authors’ two da Vinci robotic systems have been dedicated to
procedure development, clinical surgery, and training of surgical
specialists. Their center has been the first United States site to
train surgeons formally in clinical robotics.
Results
Established surgeons and residents have been trained using a
defined robotic surgical educational curriculum. Also, 30 multispecialty
teams have been trained in robotic mechanics and
electronics. Initially, robotic procedures were developed experimentally
and are described. In the past year the authors
have performed 52 robotic-assisted clinical operations: 18
mitral valve repairs, 20 cholecystectomies, and 14 Nissen fundoplications.
These respective operations required 108, 28,
and 73 minutes of robotic telemanipulation to complete. Procedure
times for the last half of the abdominal operations decreased
significantly, as did the knot-tying time in mitral operations.
There have been no deaths and few complications.
One mitral patient had postoperative bleeding.
Conclusion
Robotic surgery can be performed safely with excellent results.
The authors have developed an effective curriculum for
training teams in robotic surgery. After training, surgeons have
applied these methods effectively and safely. Originally published Annals of Surgery, Vol. 234, No. 4, Oct 2001
2011-02-17T15:42:16Z
2011-05-17T01:16:49Z
2011-02-17T15:42:16Z
2011-05-17T01:16:49Z
2001-10
Article
Annals of Surgery; 234:4 p. 475-486
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3235
PMC1422071
en_US
http://journals.lww.com/annalsofsurgery/pages/issuelist.aspx
Author notified of opt-out rights by Cammie Jennings prior to upload of this article.
application/pdf
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/94482021-10-11T20:10:57Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_86
Nutrition Consult asking 2 Food Insecurity Questions
Craven, Kay
Kolasa, Kathryn M
Nutrition Consult asking 2 Food Insecurity Questions
Food Insecurity
2-Question Hunger Vital Sign Screener
MOTHeRS' Project
The authors are pleased to share these materials with others at no expense, please credit The MOTHeRS’ Project, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University. We would appreciate your telling us if/how you used these materials.
The MOTHeRS’ Project was developed in 2020 with funding from the United Healthcare Foundation (UHF), ECU Physicians, and the Departments of OB-GYN, Psychiatry and Family Medicine, to utilize NC-STeP - a statewide telepsychiatry program to bring multidisciplinary care to three community-based primary care obstetric clinics in Carteret, Duplin, and Chowan counties. Through this collaborative care model that includes the patient, nurse navigator, diabetes educator, behavioral health manager, primary obstetrician, MFM specialist, and a psychiatrist consultant, the MOTHeRS’ Project brings support and insights of specialty physicians to the identified practices. An additional component of this program will be the Medical Food Pantry to include healthy food bags and tailored patient education to women with high risk pregnancies and food insecurity, living in rural areas. This entry includes a video clip showing a nutrition consult which incorporates the 2-Question Hunger Vital Sign Screener. These two questions have been validated for use in the clinical setting to identify food insecurity, and will be used by practices piloting the MOTHeRS' Project to identify high-risk pregnant women at each prenatal appointment. A response of 'usually' or 'sometimes' reflects a positive screen for food insecurity.
United Health Foundation; ECU Physicians; ECU Department of Family Medicine, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University
2021-10-11T20:10:57Z
2021-10-11T20:10:57Z
2020-12
Other Scholarly Work
Kolasa KM, Craven K. Nutrition Consult asking 2 Food Insecurity Questions [Video]. Department of Family Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC; October 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/9448
en_US
video/mp4
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/30912021-03-03T20:55:36Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_100
Inhibition by rapamycin of ornithine decarboxylase and epithelial cell proliferation in intestinal IEC-6 cells in culture
Seidel, E. R.
Ragan, V. L.
Rapamycin
Ornithine decarboxylase
Protein translation
Cellular proliferation
1 Induction of the enzyme ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) appears to be controlled primarily at the
level of ODC mRNA translation. The immunosuppressant drug, rapamycin, blocked the induction of
ODC in response to serum by roughly 50% but was without e ect on transport of putrescine into the
intracellular space. The e ect on ODC was speci®c for the intracellular signalling pathway leading to
activation of p70S6k, as the immunosuppressant FK 506 was without e ect on ODC activity.
2 Exposure of IEC-6 duodenal epithelial cells to rapamycin inhibited cellular proliferation. The e ect
of rapamycin was cytostatic in that removal of the immunosuppressant from the medium resulted in
renewed cell division. Conversely, addition of exogenous putrescine, the product of the ODC catalysed
reaction, was unable to reverse the cytostatic e ects of rapamycin.
3 At a concentration of 10 nM, rapamycin inhibited the induction of ODC by 50%, a level of inhibition
which could not be enhanced by exposure cells to 1000 nM rapamycin. This observation suggests that
other intracellular signalling pathways, in addition to the p70S6k cascade, might be involved in regulation
of translation of ODC mRNA or that rapamycin does not completely inhibit p70S6k. Originally published British Journal of Pharmacology, Vol. 120, No. 4, Feb 1997
2011-01-21T21:51:41Z
2011-05-17T00:56:31Z
2011-01-21T21:51:41Z
2011-05-17T00:56:31Z
1997-02
Article
British Journal of Pharmacology; 120:4 p. 571-574
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3091
PMC1564498
10.1038/sj.bjp.0700936
en_US
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1038/sj.bjp.0700936/abstract;jsessionid=633F4C636086844752B8EE58A0213AED.d01t01
application/pdf
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/110352023-05-02T12:15:56Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_86
Raw beef liver could mean trip to hospital
Oakley, Caleb
Kolasa, Kathryn M.
medicine
nutrition
raw beef liver
vitamin A toxicity
campylobacter gastroenteritis
Medical and dietetic students often co-author a column for the Daily Reflector under Dr. Kolasa's byline. The students research the topic a reader or patient has asked. Dr. Kolasa reviews their draft for technical accuracy, patient friendly language, people first language. She fact checks the study or other evidence-based reference the student provides. If a physician review is appropriate, Dr. Kolasa requests a colleague from ECU physicians to review the article. The final draft is submitted to the Reflector with the editor having the final say. The headline is written by the Reflector headline writer. The food and nutrition column has run weekly since 1987. Starting in 2020, in addition to the Daily Reflector, the article is published in daily and weekly papers owned by the Adams Publishing Group East (https://adamspg.com).
This is a weekly Q and A newspaper column under the byline of Dr. Kathy Kolasa. Today's column involves the medical risks associated with human consumption of raw beef liver.
none
2022-09-07T20:11:51Z
2022-09-07T20:11:51Z
2022-08-31
Other Scholarly Work
Oakley C, Kolasa KM. Diet, Raw beef liver could mean trip to hospital. Daily Reflector. page B6. August 31, 2022. Also at www.reflector.com. Accessed August 31, 2022
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/11035
en_US
www.reflector.com
1
application/pdf
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/124572023-04-11T17:05:20Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_75
The Germ Cell-Specific RNA Binding Protein RBM46 is Essential for Spermatogonial Differentiation in Mice
Johnson, Taylor A.
Geyer, Christopher B.
RNA binding protein
spermatogonial differentiation
mice
2023-04-11T17:05:20Z
2023-04-11T17:05:20Z
2022-09-21
Article
1553-7390
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/12457
10.1371/journal.pgen.1010416
en_US
application/pdf
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/54012021-03-03T21:03:34Zcom_10342_122com_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_123col_10342_100
Cardioprotective mechanisms targeting thiol redox homeostasis and mitochondrial bioenergetics
Alleman, Rick J.
Brown, David A.
Physiology
Neufer, P. Darrell
Bioenergetics
Cardiac
Exercise
Ischemia/reperfusion
Reactive oxygen species
Mitochondria
Energy Metabolism
Homeostasis
Oxidation-Reduction
Sulfhydryl
Coronary heart disease is a leading cause of death in the United States, totaled mostly by deaths associated with myocardial infarction and fatal ventricular arrhythmias. The inability to predict the occurrence of these pathologies due to their sudden and transient etiologies has hindered successful translation of therapies to the clinic. Given the multi-billion-dollar economic burden that cardiovascular disease exerts, it would be beneficial to further our knowledge on ways to better treat acute coronary syndromes. The goal of this work is to determine how mitochondria impact cardiac ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, and to identify potential mechanisms to therapeutically target. The studies within were conducted on treadmill-trained male rats, ex vivo heart preparations, isolated/cell cultures, and isolated mitochondria. Herein demonstrates a strong link between susceptibility to I/R injury and cardioprotection through the manipulation of mitochondrial thiol status. Hearts from exercised rats were better protected from ischemic insults, and this coincided with preserved thiol redox homeostasis and greater stability in mitochondrial bioenergetics. The maintenance of mitochondria thiol was demonstrated through preservation of glutathione, which is a key redox control point in cardiac bioenergetics. When the thiol pool becomes more oxidized following oxidative stress, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and collapsed bioenergetics increase susceptibility to I/R injury. Glutathione reductase helps maintain cell redox homeostasis by maintaining glutathione in a reduced form, where it can be utilized in ROS scavenging and redox signaling. In cell models of hypoxia/reoxygenation, targeting glutathione reductase expression influences the cells sensitivity to mitochondrial dysfunction. Several hallmark features of the cardioprotective phenotype include reductions in myocardial infarction, resistance to arrhythmic stimuli, lower ROS accumulation, and preserved mitochondrial function. Taken together, data from the studies suggest that targeting mitochondrial function during I/R, and more specifically, targeting mitochondrial thiol homeostasis, may have beneficial affects on treating coronary heart disease symptoms.
2016-05-26T16:06:28Z
2019-02-26T14:23:40Z
2016-05
2016-05-03
May 2016
2016-05-26T15:19:08Z
Doctoral Dissertation
text
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/5401
en
application/pdf
application/pdf
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/34332021-03-03T20:53:49Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_527
Unique V3 Loop Sequence Derived from the R2 Strain of HIV-Type 1 Elicits Broad Neutralizing Antibodies
Young, Kelly R.
Teal, Benjamin E.
Brooks, Yvonne
Green, Thomas D.
Bower, Joseph F.
Ross, Ted M.
HIV (Viruses)
Neutralizing antibodies
V3 loop sequence
DNA vaccines expressing the envelope (Env) of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) have been relatively ineffective at generating high-titer, long-lasting, neutralizing antibodies. In this
study, DNA vaccines were constructed to express the gp120 subunit of Env from the isolate HIV-1R2 using both wild-type and codon- ptimized gene sequences. Three copies of the murine C3d were added to the carboxyl terminus to enhance the immunogenicity of the expressed fusion protein. Mice (BALB/c) vaccinated with DNA plasmid expressing the gp120R2 using codon-optimized Env sequences elicited high-titer anti-Env antibodies regardless of conjugation to C3d. In contrast, only
mice vaccinated with DNA using wild-type gp120R2 sequences fused to mC3d3, had detectable anti- Env antibodies. Interestingly, mice vaccinated with DNA expressing gp120R2 from codon-optimized
sequences elicited antibodies that neutralized both homologous and heterologous HIV-1 isolates. To determine if the unique sequence found in the crown of the V3 loop of the EnvR2 was responsible
for the elicitation of the cross-clade neutralizing antibodies, the codons encoding for the Pro-Met (amino acids 313–314) were introduced into the sequences encoding the gp120ADA (R5) or gp12089.6 (R5X4). Mice vaccinated with gp120ADA–mC3d3–DNA with the Pro–Met mutation had antibodies that neutralized HIV-1 infection, but not the gp12089.6–mC3d3–DNA. Therefore, the use of the unique sequences in the EnvR2 introduced into an R5 tropic envelope, in conjunction with C3d fusion, was effective at broadening the number of viruses that could be neutralized. However, the introduction of this same sequence into an R5X4-tropic envelope was ineffective in eliciting improved cross-clade neutralizing antibodies. Originally published AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses, Vol. 20, No. 11, Nov 2004
2011-04-28T19:26:56Z
2011-05-17T01:40:09Z
2011-04-28T19:26:56Z
2011-05-17T01:40:09Z
2004-11
Article
AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses; 20:11 p. 1259-1268
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3433
PMC1550980
en_US
http://www.liebertonline.com/doi/abs/10.1089/aid.2004.20.1259
Author notified of opt-out rights by Cammie Jennings prior to upload of this article.
application/pdf
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/22192021-03-03T20:53:16Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73com_10342_122col_10342_75col_10342_123
The Role of Axl and Axl-like Proteins in Murine Spermatogenesis
Thompson, Kristjan Louise
Sperry, Ann O.
Anatomy and Cell Biology
Biology, Cell
Axl
Axl-like
Spermatogenesis
Axl receptor tyrosine kinase
Cell Biology
Sertoli Cells
Axl receptor tyrosine kinase
Mice lacking the Axl receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) and its family members exhibit detrimental effects on their reproductive ability. AXL is localized to Sertoli cells, which are the major nurturing cells in the seminiferous epithelium. A sequence homology search identified an uncharacterized protein, AXL-LIKE, which we hypothesize is an endogenous dominant-negative of AXL. The structure of AXL-LIKE is essentially identical to AXL in the extracellular domain, but the intracellular portion of AXL-LIKE lacks the tyrosine kinase domain. The purpose of this study was to determine the expression of Axl-like within early developing testes, as well as its interaction with AXL and the role of AXL-LIKE in AXL function.   Relative Axl and Axl-like mRNA transcript levels were highest in early postnatal testes, specifically at 7 days post partum (dpp), compared to 14dpp and 21dpp. Axl transcript levels on embryonic day 15 (e15) were significantly less than on 7dpp for Axl, but not Axl-like. Overexpression of AXL in COS-7 cells increased filopodial number, which was suppressed by co-expressing AXL-LIKE. Cells co-expressing AXL and AXL-LIKE were smaller and rounded compared to control or AXL only overexpressing cells. There was a redistribution of AXL localization, from cell membrane to vesicular bodies, when AXL-LIKE and AXL were co-expressed. Immunoprecipitation studies determined AXL and AXL-LIKE were not associated with one another; however introduction of AXL-LIKE reduced the amount of AXL present within cells as determined by western blot analysis. Overexpression of AXL increased cellular protein phosphorylation and this effect was eliminated when AXL-LIKE was co-expressed.  The mRNA transcript levels detected in the testes and embryonic tissue using real time-PCR appear to be correlated with the number of Sertoli cells. This suggests a role for AXL-LIKE within this cell type. This study is the first to show that expression of AXL-LIKE, an endogenous truncated isoform of Axl, inhibits the function of AXL in vitro. Though no direct interaction was observed between the two proteins, AXL-LIKE may affect a downstream signaling pathway of AXL or cause alterations in the recycling of AXL. Â
Ph.D.
2010-02-02T20:28:40Z
2011-05-17T13:12:09Z
2010-02-02T20:28:40Z
2011-05-17T13:12:09Z
2009
Doctoral Dissertation
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/2219
en_US
169 p.
dissertations, academic
application/pdf
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/52742021-03-03T21:01:30Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_90
Genome-wide profiles of CtBP link metabolism with genome stability and epithelial reprogramming in breast cancer
Di, Li-Jun
Byun, Jung S.
Wong, Madeline M.
Wakano, Clay
Taylor, Tara
Bilke, Sven
Baek, Songjoon
Hunter, Kent
Yang, Howard
Lee, Maxwell
Zvosec, Celia
Khramtsova, Galina
Cheng, Fan
Perou, Charles M.
Miller, C. Ryan
Raab, Rachel
Olopade, Olufunmilayo I.
Gardner, Kevin
2016-05-24T18:07:51Z
2016-05-24T18:07:51Z
2013-1
Article
Nature communications; 4: p. 1449-1449
2041-1723
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/5274
pmc3768144
10.1038/ncomms2438
application/pdf
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/32762021-03-03T20:54:19Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_527
PI(4,5)P2 concentration at the APC side of the Immunological Synapse is Required for Effector T cell Function
Fooksman, David Robert
Shaikh, Saame Raza
Boyle, Sarah
Edidin, Michael
Cytotoxicity
T cells cytotoxic
MHC
Antigen Presentation
Little is known about the signaling that occurs in an antigen presenting cell (APC) during contact with a T cell. Here we report the concentration of the signaling lipid, PI(4,5)P2, at the APC side of the immunological synapse. In both human and mouse cells, a PI(4,5)P2-specific fluorescent reporter, PH-GFP, detected an antigen-dependent enrichment of PI(4,5)P2 at the synapse between antigen- specific T cells and APC. When PIP(4,5)P2 was sequestered by a high concentration of PH-GFP reporter, cells were less susceptible to CTL-mediated lysis than control cells. These findings suggest a new regulatory target for modulating immune function that may be exploited for immune escape by pathogens and tumors. Originally published Journal of Immunology, Vol. 182, No. 9, May 2009
2011-03-02T15:32:51Z
2011-05-17T01:40:06Z
2011-03-02T15:32:51Z
2011-05-17T01:40:06Z
2009-05-01
Article
Journal of Immunology; 182:9 p. 5179-5182
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3276
PMC2799928
en_US
http://www.jimmunol.org/content/182/9/5179.long
Author notified of opt-out rights by Cammie Jennings.
application/pdf
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/30892022-12-09T16:05:11Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_77
The Actin Binding Protein, Fesselin, is a Member of the Synaptopodin Family
Schroeter, Mechthild M.
Beall, Brent
Heid, Hans W.
Chalovich, Joseph
Fesselin
Synaptopodin
Myopodin
Actin binding protein
Actin polymerization
Ca-calmodulin regulation
Fesselin is a natively unfolded protein that is abundant in avian smooth muscle. Like many natively
unfolded proteins, fesselin has multiple binding partners including actin, myosin, calmodulin and
α-actinin. Fesselin accelerates actin polymerization and bundles actin. These and other observations
suggest that fesselin is a component of the cytoskeleton. We have now cloned fesselin and have
determined the cDNA derived amino acid sequence. We verified parts of the sequence by Edman
analysis and by mass spectroscopy. Our results confirmed fesselin is homologous to human
synaptopodin 2 and belongs to the synaptopodin family of proteins. Originally published Biochem Biophys Res Commun. Vol. 371, No. 3, July 2008
2011-01-21T21:22:12Z
2011-05-17T01:27:00Z
2011-01-21T21:22:12Z
2011-05-17T01:27:00Z
2008-07
Article
Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications; 371:3 p. 582-586
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3089
PMC2453309
10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.04.134
en_US
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6WBK-4SF9H68-C&_user=634873&_coverDate=07%2F04%2F2008&_rdoc=1&_fmt=high&_orig=search&_origin=search&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_acct=C000033758&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=634873&md5=d972c319b29cb0cce3ad1aa4a8fd6d39&searchtype=a
application/pdf
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/32322021-03-03T20:53:39Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_89
Statins induce lethal effects in acute myeloblastic lymphoma cells within 72 hours
Burke, Lillian P.
Kukoly, Cynthia A.
Acute myeloid leukemia
Statins
HMG CoA reductase inhibitors
Drug studies
Leukemic cell lines
HL60 cells
U937 cells
HMG-CoA Reductase inhibitors (statins) induce apoptosis in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells in vitro; however, the concentrations associated with cell death in AML cells are higher than those clinically tolerated during prolonged therapy. We therefore wished to determine whether short exposures to lovastatin might induce cell death in AML cells at clinically attainable concentrations. The time and concentration dependence of HL60 and U937 cells was determined and showed that cell death was delayed. IC50 values and IC90 values determined on day 6 suggested that the sensitivity of AML cells to statins may occur at lower concentrations than previously reported. After 72 h, mevalonate did not rescue AML cells from cytotoxic concentrations of statins, suggesting that, although cell death was delayed, lovastatin induced lethal effects within 72 h. In conjunction with previously reported Phase I studies, the data presented here suggest that the high-dose, short course statins may be useful for the treatment of patients with AML. Originally published Leukemia and Lymphoma, Vol. 49, No. 2, Feb 2008
2011-02-17T15:25:53Z
2011-05-17T00:25:39Z
2011-02-17T15:25:53Z
2011-05-17T00:25:39Z
2008-02
Article
Leukemia and Lymphoma; 49:2 p. 322-330
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3232
PMC2430172
en_US
http://informahealthcare.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10428190701760011
Author notified of opt-out rights by Cammie Jennings prior to upload of this article.
application/pdf
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/110702022-09-10T07:16:03Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_100
Acyl-CoA Synthetase 6 is Required for Brain Docosahexaenoic Acid Retention and Neuroprotection During Aging
Fernandez, Regina F.
Pereyra, Andrea S.
Diaz, Victoria
Wilson, Emily S.
Litwa, Karen A.
MartÃnez-Gardeazabal, Jonatan
Jackson, Shelley N.
Brenna, Thomas
Hermann, Brian P.
Eells, Jeffrey B.
Ellis, Jessica M.
omega-3 fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)
Acyl-CoA synthetase 6
neuroprotection
2022-09-09T12:52:34Z
2022-09-09T12:52:34Z
2021-06-08
Article
2379-3708
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/11070
10.1172/jci.insight.144351
en_US
application/pdf
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/98362022-02-23T08:15:10Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_100
Impaired Contractile Function of the Supraspinatus in the Acute Period Following a Rotator Cuff Tear
Spangenburg, Espen
Contractility
Muscle force
Neuromuscular junction
2022-02-22T18:38:30Z
2022-02-22T18:38:30Z
2017-11-09
Article
1471-2474
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/9836
10.1186/s12891-017-1789-5
en_US
application/pdf
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/107842022-12-09T19:36:03Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_95
The Influence of Exercise During Pregnancy on Racial/Ethnic Health Disparities and Birth Outcomes
Raper, Madigan J.
McDonald, Samantha
Johnston, Carol
Isler, Christy
Newton, Edward
Kuehn, Devon
Collier, David N.
Broskey, Nicholas T.
Muldrow, Adrienne
May, Linda E.
Health disparities
Maternal
Exercise
2022-07-18T18:12:34Z
2022-07-18T18:12:34Z
2021-03-26
Article
1471-2393
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/10784
10.1186/s12884-021-03717-5
en_US
application/pdf
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/87922021-03-03T22:10:22Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73com_10342_6421col_10342_86col_10342_6422
Healthy Eating also is good for the planet
Trei, Alexander
Kolasa, Kathryn M
medicine, nutrition, healthy eating, sustainability, emissions, diet
“Medical and dietetic students often co-author a column for the Daily Reflector under Dr. Kolasa's byline. The students research the topic a reader or patient has asked. Dr. Kolasa reviews their draft for technical accuracy, patient friendly language, people first language. She fact checks the study or other evidence-based reference the student provides. If a physician review is appropriate, Dr. Kolasa requests a colleague from ECU physicians to review the article. The final draft is submitted to the Reflector with the editor having the final say. The headline is written by the Reflector headline writer. The food and nutrition column has run weekly since 1987. Starting in 2020, in addition to the Daily Reflector, the article is published in daily and weekly papers owned by the Adams Publishing Group East (https://adamspg.com)�
This is a weekly Q and A newspaper column under the byline of Dr. Kathy Kolasa. Today's column is a discussion between the efforts of our community members to maintain healthy diets while trying to make a more sustainable environment for our future.
none
2020-12-10T19:32:05Z
2020-12-10T19:32:05Z
2020-07-29
Other Scholarly Work
Trei Alexander, Kolasa KM. Healthy eating also is good for the planet. Daily Reflector, July 29, 2020. page B3. also at http://www.reflector.com accessed July 29, 2020.
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/8792
en_US
www.reflector.com
1
application/pdf
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/113122022-09-27T07:16:31Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_106
Benefit of Delayed Primary Excision in Rhabdomyosarcoma: A Report from the Children’s Oncology Group (COG)
Rodeberg, David A.
Lautz, Timothy B.
Chi, Yueh-Yun
Li, Minjie
Wolden, Suzanne L.
Casey, Dana L.
Routh, Jonathan C.
Granberg, Candace F.
Binite, Odion
Rudzinski, Erin R.
Hawkins, Douglas S.
Venkatramani, Rajkumar
Pediatric
rhabdomyosarcoma
delayed primary excision
2022-09-26T12:34:23Z
2022-09-26T12:34:23Z
2021-01-15
Article
0008-543X
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/11312
10.1002/cncr.33275
en_US
application/pdf
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/57102021-03-03T20:59:52Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_93
Factors that contribute to social media influence within an Internal Medicine Twitter learning community
Desai, Tejas
Patwardhan, Manish
Coore, Hunter
Medical societies, faculty, and trainees use Twitter to learn from and educate other social media users. These social media communities bring together individuals with various levels of experience. It is not known if experienced individuals are also the most influential members. We hypothesize that participants with the greatest experience would be the most influential members of a Twitter community.
We analyzed the 2013 Association of Program Directors in Internal Medicine Twitter community. We measured the number of tweets authored by each participant and the number of amplified tweets (re-tweets). We developed a multivariate linear regression model to identify any relationship to social media influence, measured by the PageRank.
Faculty (from academic institutions) comprised 19% of the 132 participants in the learning community (p < 0.0001). Faculty authored 49% of all 867 tweets (p < 0.0001). Their tweets were the most likely to be amplified (52%, p < 0.01). Faculty had the greatest influence amongst all participants (mean 1.99, p < 0.0001). Being a faculty member had no predictive effect on influence (β = 0.068, p = 0.6). The only factors that predicted influence (higher PageRank) were the number of tweets authored (p < 0.0001) and number of tweets amplified (p < 0.0001)
The status of “faculty member� did not confer a greater influence. Any participant who was able to author the greatest number of tweets or have more of his/her tweets amplified could wield a greater influence on the participants, regardless of his/her authority.
2016-06-23T15:14:26Z
2016-06-23T15:14:26Z
2014-05
Article
F1000Research; 3: p. 1-9
2046-1402
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/5710
pmc4111123
10.12688/f1000research.4283.1
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4111123/
application/pdf
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/29782021-03-03T20:53:27Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_527
The Brucella abortus Cu,Zn Superoxide Dismutase Is Required for Optimal Resistance to Oxidative Killing by Murine Macrophages and Wild-Type Virulence in Experimentally Infected Mice
Gee, Jason M.
Valderas, Michelle
Kovach, Michael E.
Grippe, Vanessa
Robertson, Gregory
Ng, Wai-Leung
Richardson, John
Winkler, Malcolm
Roop, Martin II
Brucella abortus
RNA binding protein
Isogenic mutants
Two-dimensional gel electrophoretic analysis of cell lysates from Brucella abortus 2308 and the isogenic hfq mutant Hfq3 revealed that the RNA binding protein Hfq (also known as host factor I or HF-I) is required for the optimal stationary phase production of the periplasmic Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase SodC. An isogenic sodC mutant, designated MEK2, was constructed from B. abortus 2308 by gene replacement, and the sodC mutant exhibited much greater susceptibility to killing by O2 generated by pyrogallol and the xanthine oxidase reaction than the parental 2308 strain supporting a role for SodC in protecting this bacterium from O2 of exogenous origin. The B. abortus sodC mutant was also found to be much more sensitive to killing by cultured resident peritoneal macrophages from C57BL6J mice than 2308, and the attenuation displayed by MEK2 in cultured murine macrophages was enhanced when these phagocytes were treated with gamma interferon (IFN- ). The attenuation displayed by the B. abortus sodC mutant in both resting and IFN- - activated macrophages was alleviated, however, when these host cells were treated with the NADPH oxidase inhibitor apocynin. Consistent with its increased susceptibility to killing by cultured murine macrophages, the B. abortus sodC mutant also displayed significant attenuation in experimentally infected C57BL6J mice compared to the parental strain. These experimental findings indicate that SodC protects B. abortus 2308 from the respiratory burst of host macrophages. They also suggest that reduced SodC levels may contribute to the attenuation displayed by the B. abortus hfq mutant Hfq3 in the mouse model. Originally published in Infection and Immunity Vol. 73, No. 5.
2010-11-08T16:38:59Z
2011-05-17T01:39:57Z
2010-11-08T16:38:59Z
2011-05-17T01:39:57Z
2005-05
Article
Infection and Immunity; 73:5 p. 2873-2880
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/2978
PMC1087332
10.1128/IAI.73.5.2873-2880.2005
en_US
http://iai.asm.org/content/vol73/issue5/index.dtl
Author notified of opt-out rights by Kent Nixon Myers prior to upload of this article.
application/pdf
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/96912022-02-10T08:15:04Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_98
Projected Estimates of African American Medical Graduates of Closed Historically Black Medical Schools
Tumin, Dmitry
Projected Estimates
African American Medical Graduates
Black Medical Schools
2022-02-10T02:02:50Z
2022-02-10T02:02:50Z
2020-08-03
Article
2574-3805
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/9691
10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.15220
en_US
application/pdf
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/96872022-02-10T08:15:05Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_98
Decrease in heart rate following the administration of sugammadex in adults
Tumin, Dmitry
Sugammadex
heart rate
adults
2022-02-10T02:02:06Z
2022-02-10T02:02:06Z
2020-10
Article
0970-9185
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/9687
10.4103/joacp.JOACP_346_19
en_US
application/pdf
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/95652022-03-29T13:44:38Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_106
The Shirt Off His Back
Pories, Walter J.
Dr. Charles Rob
decorated for bravery
repair aortas in pigs
2022-01-27T14:16:16Z
2022-01-27T14:16:16Z
2015-11
Article
0741-5214
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/9565
10.1016/j.jvs.2015.08.054
en_US
application/pdf
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/31712021-03-03T20:57:53Zcom_10342_122com_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_123col_10342_100
Tissue Salvage in the Non-reperfused Myocardium Mediated by (the absence of the circadian rhythm gene) mPer2 and (the receptor tyrosine kinase) EphrinA1
Dries, Jessica L.
Virag, Jitka A. I.
Physiology
Biology, Physiology
Cardiovascular Diseases--therapy
Models, Animal
Physiology
Alterations in circadian rhythm have been associated with numerous cardiovascular pathologies. In project 1, we tested the hypothesis that functional mutation of the Per2 circadian clock gene would provide cardioprotection to mice that had undergone permanent coronary ligation to induce myocardial infarction (MI). mPer2-M mice had a 43% smaller infarct size compared to wild type (WT), along with reduced leukocyte infiltration, increased capillary density, increased myocyte hypertrophy, and reduced myocyte apoptosis. This suggests that mutation of mPer2 is cardioprotective.  The heart lacks a sufficient capacity for endogenous repair after injury. We tested the hypothesis that intramyocardial administration of ephrinA1-Fc at the time of MI would promote cardiomyocyte survival, subsequently reducing infarct size and inflammatory cell infiltrate. The ephrinA1 ligand has been predominantly characterized as a pro-angiogenic factor in development and tumor progression, but is also involved in apoptosis and inflammation. The ephrinA1 ligand has not been studied in the adult myocardium or in the context of acute MI.   Intramyocardial injection of EphrinA1-Fc reduced infarct size, necrosis, chamber dilation, and left ventricular free wall thinning four days after MI. Inflammation was also substantially reduced, with reductions in neutrophil and leukocyte density. We measured reductions in serum cTnI, and cleaved PARP, and increased bag-1 protein expression, suggesting reduced cell death. Phosphorylated AKT/total AKT protein was increased, indicating improved cellular survival. Our analysis of gene expression revealed that Eph receptors A1-A4, A6, and A7 were expressed in the uninjured adult myocardium. Expression of EphA1-A3 and EphA7 was significantly increased following MI while EphA6 expression was decreased. Treatment with ephrinA1-Fc further increased EphA1 and EphA2 gene expression, and also increased EphA4 expression.   To date, only reperfusion has been shown to reduce injury and improve long-term remodeling. We have discovered two new mechanisms by which this can be effected: 1) we have observed a dramatic reduction in cardiac injury in mice lacking a functional circadian gene product mPer2; and 2) we are the first to identify a role for ephrinA1/EphA signaling in the repair process following MI, and have identified a novel, protective role for ephrinA1-Fc administration at the time of MI. Â
Ph.D.
2011-02-03T15:35:47Z
2011-05-17T00:59:16Z
2012-11-30T12:52:16Z
2010
Doctoral Dissertation
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3171
151 p.
dissertations, academic
application/pdf
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/56572021-03-03T21:06:26Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_527
ATX1-Generated H3K4me3 Is Required for Efficient Elongation of Transcription, Not Initiation, at ATX1-Regulated Genes
Ding, Yong
Ndamukong, Ivan
Xu, Zaoshi
Lapko, Hanna
Fromm, Michael
Avramova, Zoya
Tri-methylated H3 lysine 4 (H3K4me3) is associated with transcriptionally active genes, but its function in the transcription process is still unclear. Point mutations in the catalytic domain of ATX1 (ARABIDOPSIS TRITHORAX1), a H3K4 methyltransferase, and RNAi knockdowns of subunits of the AtCOMPASS–like (Arabidopsis Complex Proteins Associated with Set) were used to address this question. We demonstrate that both ATX1 and AtCOMPASS–like are required for high level accumulation of TBP (TATA-binding protein) and Pol II at promoters and that this requirement is independent of the catalytic histone modifying activity. However, the catalytic function is critically required for transcription as H3K4me3 levels determine the efficiency of transcription elongation. The roles of H3K4me3, ATX1, and AtCOMPASS–like may be of a general relevance for transcription of Trithorax-activated eukaryotic genes.
2016-06-16T17:20:12Z
2016-06-16T17:20:12Z
2012-12
Article
PLoS Genetics; 8:12 p. 1-12
1553-7390
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/5657
pmc3527332
10.1371/journal.pgen.1003111
http://journals.plos.org/plosgenetics/article?id=10.1371/journal.pgen.1003111
application/pdf
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/109802022-08-06T07:15:58Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_75
Rare Genetic Disorders: Novel Treatment Strategies and Insights Into Human Biology
Koch, Peter J.
Koster, Maranke I.
ectodermal dysplasia
rare genetic disorders
gene therapy
2022-08-05T18:20:41Z
2022-08-05T18:20:41Z
2021-08-06
Article
1664-8021
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/10980
10.3389/fgene.2021.714764
en_US
application/pdf
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/54292021-03-03T21:02:15Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_79
Association of cardiac and vascular changes with ambient PMin diabetic individuals
Schneider, Alexandra
Neas, Lucas M.
Graff, Donald W.
Herbst, Margaret C.
Cascio, Wayne E.
Schmitt, Mike T.
Buse, John B.
Peters, Annette
Devlin, Robert B.
Background and Objective
Exposure to fine airborne particles (PM2.5) has been shown to be responsible for cardiovascular and hematological effects, especially in older people with cardiovascular disease. Some epidemiological studies suggest that individuals with diabetes may be a particularly susceptible population. This study examined effects of short-term exposures to ambient PM2.5 on markers of systemic inflammation, coagulation, autonomic control of heart rate, and repolarization in 22 adults (mean age: 61 years) with type 2 diabetes.
Methods
Each individual was studied for four consecutive days with daily assessments of plasma levels of blood markers. Cardiac rhythm and electrocardiographic parameters were examined at rest and with 24-hour ambulatory ECG monitors. PM2.5 and meteorological data were measured daily on the rooftop of the patient exam site. Data were analyzed with models adjusting for season, weekday, meteorology, and a random intercept. To identify susceptible subgroups, effect modification was analyzed by clinical characteristics associated with insulin resistance as well as with oxidative stress and by medication intake.
Results
Interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha showed a significant increase with a lag of two days (percent change of mean level: 20.2% with 95%-confidence interval [6.4; 34.1] and 13.1% [1.9; 24.4], respectively) in association with an increase of 10 μg/m3 in PM2.5. Obese participants as well as individuals with elevated glycosylated hemoglobin, lower adiponectin, higher ferritin or with glutathione S-transferase M1 null genotype showed higher IL-6 effects. Changes in repolarization were found immediately as well as up to four days after exposure in individuals without treatment with a beta-adrenergic receptor blocker.
Conclusions
Exposure to elevated levels of PM2.5 alters ventricular repolarization and thus may increase myocardial vulnerability to arrhythmias. Exposure to PM2.5 also increases systemic inflammation. Characteristics associated with insulin resistance or with oxidative stress were shown to enhance the association.
2016-05-31T17:15:37Z
2016-05-31T17:15:37Z
2010
Article
Particle and Fibre Toxicology; 7: p. 14-14
1743-8977
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/5429
pmc2896918
10.1186/1743-8977-7-14
https://particleandfibretoxicology.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1743-8977-7-14
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oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/30952021-03-03T20:54:02Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_527
Identification of a circular intermediate in the transfer and transposition of Tn4555, a mobilizable transposon from Bacteroides spp.
Smith, C. Jeffrey
Parker, Anita C.
Tn4555
Mobilizable transposon
Circular DNA
Transmissible cefoxitin (FX) resistance in Bacteroides vulgatus CLA341 was associated with the 12.5-kb,
mobilizable transposon, Tn4555, which encoded the 13-lactamase gene cfxA. Transfer occurred by a
conjugation-like mechanism, was stimulated by growth of donor cells with tetracycline (TC), and required the
presence of a Bacteroides chromosomal Tcr element. Transconijugants resistant to either FX, TC, or both drugs
were obtained, but only Fx Tcr isolates could act as donors of Fxr in subsequent matings. Transfer of Fxr could
be restored in FxF Tc' strains by the introduction of a conjugal Tcr element from Bacteroidesfragilis V479-1.
A covalently closed circular DNA form of Tn4555 was observed in donor cells by Southern hybridization, and
the levels of this circular transposon increased significantly in cells grown with TC. Both the cfxA gene and the
Tn4555 mobilization region hybridized to the circular DNA, suggesting that this was a structurally intact
transposon unit. Circular transposon DNA purified by CsCI-ethidium bromide density gradient centrifugation
was used to transform Tcs B. fragilis 638, and FXr transformants were obtained. Both the circular form and
the integrated Tn4555 were observed in transformants, but the circular form was present at less than one copy
per chromosomal equivalent. Examination of genomic DNA from Fxr transformants and transconjugants
revealed that Tn4555 could insert at a wide variety of chromosomal sites. Multiple transposon insertions were
present in many of the transconjugants, indicating that there was no specific barrier to the introduction of a second transposon copy. Originally published Journal of Bacteriology, Vol. 175, No. 9, May 1993
2011-01-21T22:02:48Z
2011-05-17T01:40:01Z
2011-01-21T22:02:48Z
2011-05-17T01:40:01Z
1993-05
Article
Journal of Bacteriology; 175:9 p. 2682-2691
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3095
PMC204571
en_US
http://jb.asm.org/archive/1993.dtl
application/pdf
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/54272021-03-03T21:02:17Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_79
Risk-Adjusted Survival after Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: Implications for Quality Improvement
Efird, Jimmy T.
O'Neal, Wesley T.
Davies, Stephen W.
O'Neal, Jason B.
Kindell, Linda C.
Anderson, Curtis A.
Chitwood, W. Randolph
Ferguson, T. Bruce
Kypson, Alan P.
outcomes
coronary artery bypass grafting
CABG
survival
mortality
Mortality represents an important outcome measure following coronary artery bypass grafting. Shorter survival times may reflect poor surgical quality and an increased number of costly postoperative complications. Quality control efforts aimed at increasing survival times may be misleading if not properly adjusted for case-mix severity. This paper demonstrates how to construct and cross-validate efficiency-outcome plots for a specified time (e.g., 6-month and 1-year survival) after coronary artery bypass grafting, accounting for baseline cardiovascular risk factors. The application of this approach to regional centers allows for the localization of risk stratification rather than applying overly broad and non-specific models to their patient populations.
2016-05-31T17:08:59Z
2016-05-31T17:08:59Z
2014-07
Article
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health; 11:7 p. 7470-7481
1661-7827
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/5427
pmc4113888
10.3390/ijerph110707470
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4113888/
application/pdf
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/100122022-03-18T07:15:06Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_89
Nucleotide Excision Repair, XPA-1, and Translesion Synthesis Complex, POLZ-1 and REV-1, are Critical for Interstrand Crosslink Repair in C. elegans Germ Cells
Lee, Myon Hee
Interstrand DNA Crosslinks (ICLs)
Nucleotide Excision Repair (NER)
Caenorhabditis elegan
2022-03-17T19:00:57Z
2022-03-17T19:00:57Z
2020-09-18
Article
0006-2960
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/10012
10.1021/acs.biochem.0c00719
en_US
application/pdf
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/58002021-03-03T21:09:17Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_102
Complementary Therapies for Significant Dysfunction from Tinnitus: Treatment Review and Potential for Integrative Medicine
Wolever, Ruth Q.
Price, Rebecca
Hazelton, Anthony Garrett
Dmitrieva, Natalia O.
Bechard, Elizabeth M.
Shaffer, Janet K.
Tucci, Debara L.
Tinnitus is a prevalent and costly chronic condition; no universally effective treatment exists. Only 20% of patients who report tinnitus actually seek treatment, and when treated, most patients commonly receive sound-based and educational (SBE) therapy. Additional treatment options are necessary, however, for nonauditory aspects of tinnitus (e.g., anxiety, depression, and significant interference with daily life) and when SBE therapy is inefficacious or inappropriate. This paper provides a comprehensive review of (1) conventional tinnitus treatments and (2) promising complementary therapies that have demonstrated some benefit for severe dysfunction from tinnitus. While there has been no systematic study of the benefits of an Integrative Medicine approach for severe tinnitus, the current paper reviews emerging evidence suggesting that synergistic combinations of complementary therapies provided within a whole-person framework may augment SBE therapy and empower patients to exert control over their tinnitus symptoms without the use of medications, expensive devices, or extended programs.
2016-06-28T13:49:44Z
2016-06-28T13:49:44Z
2015
Article
Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : eCAM; 2015: p. 1-8
1741-427X
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/5800
pmc4592735
10.1155/2015/931418
http://www.hindawi.com/journals/ecam/2015/931418/
application/pdf
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/64002021-03-03T21:15:21Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73com_10342_122col_10342_3934col_10342_124
Targeting Kremen1 Downregulation with RVG-9R/siRNA Complexes in the Triple-Transgenic Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease
Baker, Kelly E.
Murashov, Alexander K.
Biomedical Sciences
Kremen1
Wnt Signaling
3xTg-AD Mouse Model
Alzheimer Disease
Down-Regulation
RNA, Small Interfering
Mice, Ttransgenic
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive disease characterized by cognitive decline and memory loss. Memory loss observed in AD results from the loss of neurons and synapses which may be caused by the disruption of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway by Dickkopf-1 (Dkk-1). Under normal conditions, the canonical Wnt signaling pathway is responsible for normal neuronal development, synaptic plasticity, and overall normal brain function. Amyloid-[beta] (A[beta]) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles are two characteristic morphological changes observed in AD. An increased level of A[beta] has been associated with increased expression of Dkk-1, which may be linked to synaptic loss seen in AD. Kremen1 (Krm1) is a receptor for Dkk-1. Published and unpublished observations from our laboratory showed that silencing Krm1 with miR-431 can promote regenerative axon growth and prevent synaptic loss in a cell culture model. This study focused on downregulating Krm1 the triple-transgenic mouse model of AD (3xTg-AD). It was hypothesized that application of siRNA-431 in vivo would downregulate Krm1 thereby preventing synaptic loss and memory deficits in the 3xTg-AD mouse model of AD. Tail vein injections of RVG-9R/siRNA complexes and control injections were administered to 3xTg-AD mice and wild-type (WT) mice at 4, 6, or 12 months of age. Within each age cohort there were three different groups: 3xTg-AD mice injected with RVG/siRNA, 3xTg-AD mice injected with control peptide/siRNA, and WT mice injected with saline. Each group of mice was approximately half male and half female. Following the injections, the Barnes Maze was administered to each mouse in order to assess memory function. Data gathered from the Barnes Maze shows 3xTg-AD mice have a longer primary latency in the probe phase compared to WT mice. Of mice tested, fewer 3xTg-AD mice have been successful in finding the target hole during probe phase compared to WT mice. After completion of the Barnes Maze, mice were sacrificed and brains were collected for analysis. The brains were analyzed for Krm1 downregulation at the protein and mRNA levels via Western blot and qPCR, respectively. In 4 month old mice, WT mice showed the lowest levels of Krm1 protein and mRNA expression levels and 3xTg-AD CPep/siRNA treated mice showed the highest. The 4 month old 3xTg-AD RVG-9R/siRNA treated mice had Krm1 protein and mRNA expression levels that fell between the other two groups. Immunofluorescence was performed on coronal brain sections to analyze number of synapses. Six month old 3xTg-AD CPep/siRNA treated mice had significantly fewer synapses than both the WT and 3xTg-AD RVG-9R/siRNA treated groups. In conclusion, IF, qPCR, and Western blot data reveal the potential for RVG-9R/siRNA treatment to target and downregulate Kremen1 in vivo and provide protection from synaptic loss. However, further studies are need to confirm the ability of RVG-9R/siRNA treatment to downregulate Kremen1.
2017-08-09T16:47:48Z
2020-01-23T09:01:59Z
2017-08
2017-07-19
August 2017
2017-08-07T22:23:49Z
Master's Thesis
text
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/6400
en
application/pdf
application/pdf
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/52572021-03-03T21:01:15Zcom_10342_7351com_10342_6421com_10342_74com_10342_73com_10342_1col_10342_7362col_10342_86col_10342_6408col_10342_7167
Generational differences in practice site selection criteria amongst primary care physicians.
Duffrin, Christopher
Cashion, Molly
Cummings, Doyle M.
Whetstone, Lauren
Firnhaber, Jonathon
Levine, Gary
Watson, Ricky
Lambert, Aaron
Site selection
Recruiting
Generational difference
Background and Objectives: Generational differences are often viewed as shaping the overall attitudes and actions of different age cohorts. It is essential to understand the motivations and generational differences in primary care physicians for efforts to recruit, retain, and educate the future physician workforce. Determining what factors most influence different generations of primary care physicians when choosing a practice site is essential to build our future primary care system. This study examined generational differences in the factors that attracted primary care physicians to their current practice.
Methods: A survey instrument was mailed to all active members of the North Carolina Medical Board who listed their primary occupation as a primary care specialty. The survey consisted of 24 demographic questions regarding personal and practice variables and a list of 21 reasons for choosing a practice location measured on a 7-point Likert type scale. A total of 975 surveys were returned and usable for the final analysis, for a return rate of 34.5%. Data were analyzed using regression and correlation procedures to determine attitudes of each generation and factors that significantly influenced responses.
Results: While slight differences between generations did exist, the overall choices for choosing a site remained stable across generations. Personality of the practice, on-call responsibilities, ability to practice comprehensive care, and location were deemed the most important factors for all generations. Differences between various demographic groups and Family Medicine versus other primary care specialties were minor with very little alteration of the top ten items being seen between groups.
Conclusion: This study indicated that there were few differences between generations regarding primary reasons for choosing a practice site. In addition, factors remained remarkably similar across different specialties, family situations, genders, and ethnic groups. Several of the top reasons that primary care physicians indicate are the most important for site selection were also potentially modifiable, such as on-call responsibilities, practice personality, and ability to practice comprehensive care. Managers, clinicians, and educators can potentially utilize this information to better prepare and recruit current and future generations of primary care physicians.
ECU Open Access Publishing Fund
2016-05-12T12:54:53Z
2016-05-12T12:54:53Z
2016-01-25
Article
Duffrin, Christopher PhD, MCHES; Cashion, Molly MPH; Cummings, Doyle M. PharmD; Whetstone, Lauren PhD; Firnhaber, Jonathon MD; Levine, Gary MD; Watson, Ricky MD, MSPH; and Lambert, Aaron MD (2016) "Generational differences in practice site selection criteria amongst primary care physicians.," Marshall Journal of Medicine: Vol. 2: Iss. 1, Article 9.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18590/mjm.2016.vol2.iss1.9
Available at: http://mds.marshall.edu/mjm/vol2/iss1/9
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/5257
http://dx.doi.org/10.18590/mjm.2016.vol2.iss1.9
http://mds.marshall.edu/mjm/vol2/iss1/9
application/pdf
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/30122021-03-03T20:55:33Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_100
Predifferentiated Embryonic Stem Cells Prevent Chronic Pain Behaviors and Restore Sensory Function Following Spinal Cord Injury in Mice
Hendricks, Wesley A.
Pak, Elena S.
Owensby, Paul J.
Menta, Kristie J.
Glazova, Margarita
Moretto, Justin
Hollis, Sarah Elizabeth
Brewer, Kori L.
Murashov, Alexander K.
Embryonic stem cells
Neuronal injuries
Spinal cord injuries
Embryonic stem (ES) cells have been investigated in repair of the CNS following neuronal injury and disease; however, the efficacy of these cells in treatment of postinjury pain is far from clear. In this study, we evaluated the therapeutic potential of predifferentiated mouse ES cells to restore sensory deficits following spinal cord injury (SCI) in mice. The pain model used unilateral intraspinal injection of quisqualic acid (QUIS) into the dorsal horn between vertebral levels T13 and L1. Seven days later, 60,000 predifferentiated ES cells or media were transplanted into the site of the lesion. Histological analysis at 7, 14, and 60 days posttransplantation revealed that animals receiving ES cell transplants suffered significantly less tissue damage than animals receiving media alone. Transplanted cells provided immediate effects on both spontaneous and evoked pain behaviors. Treatment with ES cells resulted in 0% (n = 28) excessive grooming behavior versus 60% (18 of 30) in media-treated animals. In the acetone test (to assess thermal allodynia), mice recovered to preinjury levels by 12 days after ES cell transplant, whereas control animals injected with media after SCI did not show any improvement up to 60 days. Similarly, the von Frey test (to assess mechanical allodynia) and the formalin test (to assess nociceptive hyperalgesia) showed that transplantation of predifferentiated ES cells significantly reduced these pain behaviors following injury. Here we show that predifferentiated ES cells act in a neuroprotective manner and provide antinociceptive and therapeutic effects following excitotoxic SCI.Originally published in Molecular Medicine Vol. 12, No. 1-3 2006.
2010-12-06T20:09:29Z
2011-05-17T00:56:29Z
2010-12-06T20:09:29Z
2011-05-17T00:56:29Z
2006
Article
Molecular Medicine; 12:1-3 p. 34-46
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3012
PMC1514553
en_US
http://www.molmed.org/content/2006/1_3_06.html
Author notified of opt-out rights by Kent Nixon Myers prior to upload of this article.
application/pdf
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/68842021-03-03T21:18:38Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_86
Embracing a plant-based diet. What is it and what's the evidence
Kolasa, Kathryn M.
plant-based diet
vegetarian; vegan; whole foods diet; nutrition
In this paper we present a case of a young health professional feeling peer pressure to become vegan. We also present a case of a vegan baby. We discuss nutrient of concerns for individuals restricting or eliminating animal food from their diets.
2018-07-22T18:59:56Z
2018-07-22T18:59:56Z
2017-05
Article
Pawlak R, Kolasa KM. Embracing a Plant Based Diet. What is it and what's the evidence. Nutrition Today. 2017;52(3):155-161.
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/6884
en_US
https://journals.lww.com.nutritiontodayonline/pages/default.aspx
application/pdf
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/34322021-03-03T20:54:15Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_527
Characterization of the avian GLUT1 glucose transporter: differential regulation of GLUT1 and GLUT3 in chicken embryo fibroblasts.
Wagstaff, Patricia
Kang, Ho Young
Mylott, Dawn
Robbins, Penni J.
White, Martyn K.
Glucose transporter
Chicken fibroblasts
Differential regulation
Vertebrate cells that are transformed by oncogenes such as v-src or are stimulated by mitogens have increased rates of glucose uptake. In rodent cels, the mechanisms whereby glucose transport is up-regulated are well understood. Stimulation of glucose transport involves an elevation in mRNA encoding the GLUT1 glucose transporter that is controlled at the levels of both transcription and mRNA stability. Cloning and sequencing of chicken GLUT1 cDNA showed that it shares 95% amino acid sequence similarity to mammalian GLUTls. Nevertheless, unlike mammalian GLUT1 mRNA, it was not induced by v-src, serum addition, or treatment with the tumor promoter 12-0-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate in chicken embryo fibroblasts. Rather, the induction of glucose transport in chicken embryo fibroblasts by v-src, serum, and 12-0- tetradecanoylphorbol13-acetate was associated with induction of GLUT3 mRNA level and GLUT3 transcription. Rat fibroblasts were also found to express both GLUT1 and GLUT3 isoforms, but v-src induced GLUT1 and not GLUT3. This suggests that animal cels require both a basal and an upregulatable glucose transporter and that these functions have been subsumed by different GLUT isoforms in avian and mammalian cels. Originally published Molecular Biology of the Cell, Vol. 6, No. 11, Nov 1995
2011-04-28T19:25:54Z
2011-05-17T01:40:11Z
2011-04-28T19:25:54Z
2011-05-17T01:40:11Z
1995-11
Article
Molecular Biology of the Cell; 6:11 p. 1575-1589
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3432
PMC301312
10.1091/mbc.6.11.1575
en_US
http://www.molbiolcell.org/
Author notified of opt-out rights by Cammie Jennings prior to upload of this article.
application/pdf
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/52942021-03-03T21:00:02Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_75
PP1 Forms an Active Complex with TLRR (lrrc67), a Putative PP1 Regulatory Subunit, during the Early Stages of Spermiogenesis in Mice
Wang, Rong
Sperry, Ann O.
2016-05-24T18:35:44Z
2016-05-24T18:35:44Z
2011
Article
PLoS ONE; 6:6 p. 1-6
1932-6203
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/5294
pmc3128092
10.1371/journal.pone.0021767
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21738792
application/pdf
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/119422023-01-04T08:14:31Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_86
Interprofessional obesity treatment: An exploration of current literature and practice
Eliot, Kathrin
Cuff, Patricia
Firnhaber, Gina
Kolasa, Kathryn M
obesity, overweight, weight management, Interprofessional, competency, professional role
This exploratory exercise was to gain an understanding of current literature and practice regarding adult Interprofessional obesity treatment team practice. A synthesis of 87 articles and 9 websites and a qualitative analysis of transcripts from 15 one-on-one interviews with obesity treatment team members is presented. Teams vary in make up but most often include physicians, physician extenders, registered dietitian nutritionists, registered nurses, mental and behavioral health practitioners. Existing competencies are reported.
2023-01-03T15:13:43Z
2023-01-03T15:13:43Z
2021
Article
Eliot K, Cuff P, Firnhaber G, Kolasa KM. Interprofessional obesity treatment: An exploration of current literature and practice. J Interprof Educ Pract. 2021. Https://doi.org/j.xjep.2021.100475
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/11942
https://10.1016/j.xjep.2021.100475
en_US
application/pdf
application/pdf
application/pdf
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/32222021-03-03T20:52:12Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_104
Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-γ Regulates the Expression of Alveolar Macrophage Macrophage Colony- Stimulating Factor
Bonfield, Tracey L.
Thomassen, Mary Jane
Farver, Carol F.
Abraham, Susamma
Koloze, Mary T.
Zhang, Xia
Mosser, David M.
Culver, Daniel A.
Macrophage CSF
Peroxisome
Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis
Macrophage CSF (M-CSF) regulates monocyte differentiation, activation, and foam cell formation. We have observed that it is elevated in human pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) and in the GMCSF knockout mouse, a murine model for PAP. A potential regulator of M-CSF, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ), is severely deficient in both human PAP and the GM-CSF knockout mouse. To investigate the role of PPARγ in alveolar macrophage homeostasis, we generated myeloidspecific PPARγ knockout mice using the Lys-Cre method to knock out the floxed PPARγ gene. Similar to the GM-CSF-deficient mouse, absence of alveolar macrophage PPARγ resulted in development of lung pathology resembling PAP in 16-wk-old mice, along with excess M-CSF gene expression and secretion. In ex vivo wild-type alveolar macrophages, we observed that M-CSF itself is capable of inducing foam cell formation similar to that seen in PAP. Overexpression of PPARγ prevented LPS-stimulated M-CSF production in RAW 264.7 cells, an effect that was abrogated by a specific PPARγ antagonist, GW9662. Use of proteasome inhibitor, MG-132 or a PPARγ agonist, pioglitazone, prevented LPS-mediated M-CSF induction. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation, we found that PPARγ is capable of regulating M-CSF through transrepression of NF-κB binding at the promoter. Gel-shift assay experiments confirmed that pioglitazone is capable of blocking NF-κB binding. Taken together, these data suggest that M-CSF is an important mediator of alveolar macrophage homeostasis, and that transcriptional control of M-CSF production is regulated by NF-κB and PPARγ.
2011-02-14T13:42:50Z
2011-05-17T01:07:45Z
2011-02-14T13:42:50Z
2011-05-17T01:07:45Z
2008-07-01
Article
Journal of Immunology; 181:1 p. 235-242
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3222
PMC2819287
en_US
http://www.jimmunol.org/content/181/1/235.long
Author notified of opt-out rights by Cammie Jennings
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East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/117912022-12-01T08:18:51Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_96
Volume of Disease as a Predictor for Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Melanoma Brain Metastases Treated With Stereotactic Radiosurgery and Immune Checkpoint Therapy
Burke, Aidan M.
Carrasquilla, Michael
brain metastases
immunotherapy
radiation necrosis
2022-11-30T15:36:19Z
2022-11-30T15:36:19Z
2022-01-12
Article
2234-943X
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/11791
10.3389/fonc.2021.794615
en_US
application/pdf
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/116982022-11-05T07:16:24Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_89
Changing Incidence and Survival of Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma Based on Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Database (2000–2017)
Ali, Hassam
Tedder, Brandon
Mohamed, Rana
Cate, Edward Lawson
Ali, Eslam
Waqar, Syed Hamza
Lymphatic metastasis
Prognosis
Cholangiocarcinoma
2022-11-04T12:39:50Z
2022-11-04T12:39:50Z
2022
Article
2508-5778
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/11698
10.14701/ahbps.21-173
en_US
application/pdf
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/58142021-03-03T21:10:32Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_103
Forty-Year Trends in Tooth Loss Among American Adults With and Without Diabetes Mellitus: An Age-Period-Cohort Analysis
Luo, Huabin
Pan, Wei
Sloan, Frank
Feinglos, Mark
Wu, Bei
Abstract
Introduction
This study aimed to assess the trends in tooth loss among adults with and without diabetes mellitus in the United States and racial/ethnic disparities in tooth loss patterns, and to evaluate trends in tooth loss by age, birth cohorts, and survey periods.
Methods
Data came from 9 waves of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 1971 through 2012. The trends in the estimated tooth loss in people with and without diabetes were assessed by age groups, survey periods, and birth cohorts. The analytical sample was 37,609 dentate (ie, with at least 1 permanent tooth) adults aged 25 years or older. We applied hierarchical age-period-cohort cross-classified random-effects models for the trend analysis.
Results
The estimated number of teeth lost among non-Hispanic blacks with diabetes increased more with age than that among non-Hispanic whites with diabetes (z = 4.05, P < .001) or Mexican Americans with diabetes (z = 4.38, P < .001). During 1971–2012, there was a significant decreasing trend in the number of teeth lost among non-Hispanic whites with diabetes (slope = −0.20, P < .001) and non-Hispanic blacks with diabetes (slope = −0.37, P < .001). However, adults with diabetes had about twice the tooth loss as did those without diabetes.
Conclusion
Substantial differences in tooth loss between adults with and without diabetes and across racial/ethnic groups persisted over time. Appropriate dental care and tooth retention need to be further promoted among adults with diabetes.
2016-06-28T14:36:10Z
2016-06-28T14:36:10Z
2015
Article
Preventing Chronic Disease; 12:E211 p. 1-11
1545-1151
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/5814
pmc4674438
10.5888/pcd12.150309
https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2015/15_0309.htm
application/pdf
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/51672021-03-03T21:00:11Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_99
Composition, kit and method for treatment of disorders associated withbronchoconstriction and lung inflammation
Nyce, Jonathan W.
A method of reducing bronchoconstriction in a subject in need of suchtreatment is disclosed. The method comprises administering to the subject an Antisenseoligonucleotide molecule directed against the A.sub.1 or A.sub.3 adenosine receptor in anamount effective to reduce bronchoconstriction. The method is useful for treating patientsafflicted with asthma. Pharmaceutical formulations are also disclosed.
2016-02-05T16:03:40Z
2016-02-05T16:03:40Z
2000-02-15
Patent
U.S. Patent No. 6,025,339
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/5167
application/pdf
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/33162021-03-03T20:54:13Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_527
Broad-Host-Range Expression Vectors with Tightly Regulated Promoters and Their Use To Examine the Influence of TraR and TraM Expression on Ti Plasmid Quorum Sensing
Khan, Sharik R.
Gaines, Jennifer M.
Roop, R. Martin II
Farrand, Stephen K.
Cloned genes
Controlled induction
Expression vectors
Experiments requiring strong repression and precise control of cloned genes can be difficult to conduct because of the relatively high basal level of expression of currently employed promoters. We report the construction of a family of vectors that contain a reengineered lacIq-lac promoter-operator complex in which cloned genes are strongly repressed in the absence of inducer. The vectors, all based on the broad-host-range plasmid pBBR1, are mobilizable and stably replicate at moderate copy number in representatives of the alphaand gammaproteobacteria. Each vector contains a versatile multiple cloning site that includes an NdeI site allowing fusion of the cloned gene to the initiation codon of lacZ . In each tested bacterium, a uidA reporter fused to the promoter was not expressed at a detectable level in the absence of induction but was inducible by 10- to 100-fold, depending on the bacterium. The degree of induction was controllable by varying the concentration of inducer. When the vector was tested in Agrobacterium tumefaciens, a cloned copy of the traR gene, the product of which is needed at only a few copies per cell, did not confer activity under noninducing conditions. We used this attribute of very tight and variably regulatable control to assess the relative amounts of TraR required to activate the Ti plasmid conjugative transfer system. We identified levels of induction that gave wild-type transfer frequencies, as well as levels that induced correspondingly lower frequencies of transfer. We also used this system to show that the antiactivator TraM sets the level of intracellular TraR required for tra gene activation. Originally published Applied and Environmental Microbiology, Vol. 74, No. 16, Aug 2008
2011-04-13T20:54:59Z
2011-05-17T01:40:08Z
2011-04-13T20:54:59Z
2011-05-17T01:40:08Z
2008-08
Article
Applied and Environmental Microbiology; 74:16 p. 5053-5062
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3316
PMC2519271
10.1128/AEM.01098-08
en_US
http://aem.asm.org/cgi/content/abstract/74/16/5053
Author notified of opt-out rights by Cammie Jennings prior to upload of this article.
application/pdf
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/117302022-11-10T08:16:22Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_102
Levetiracetam-Induced Psychosis in the Setting of Intracranial Cavernomas
Majarwitz, Daniel
Pasti, Irene
Dvalishvili, Mariam
Levetiracetam
psychosis
Cavernomas
2022-11-09T18:24:00Z
2022-11-09T18:24:00Z
2022-03-20
Article
2090-6838
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/11730
10.1155/2022/9114118
en_US
application/pdf
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/46622021-03-03T20:56:29Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73com_10342_122col_10342_3934col_10342_124
TMEFF2 is an epigenetic modulator that promotes androgen independent growth in castration-resistant prostate cancer cells
Corbin, Joshua Moses
Ruiz-Echevarria, Maria
Biomedical Sciences
Oncology
Prostatic Neoplasms--pathology
Prostatic Neoplasms--genetics
Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant--pathology
Prostate--metabolism
While the ability to detect PCa has improved significantly due to PSA screenings, the survival rate for men diagnosed with PCa has remained stagnant, and the disease remains the second leading cause of cancer related deaths in men. Most patients initially respond to androgen deprivation treatment; however, a significant percentage of patients relapse with currently untreatable castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), during which the PCa cells develop the ability to grow in androgen depleted conditions. The androgen receptor (AR) plays a vital role in prostate development and homeostasis, and the deregulation of AR drives PCa tumorigenesis and progression to CRPC. Delineating molecular mechanisms that contribute to AR activity and/or PCa cell growth in androgen-depleted conditions may aid in the development of future CRPC therapies Epigenetic alterations play a critical role in differentiation during development, and aberrations in epigenetic regulation are associated with tumorigenesis and cancer progression. Two types of epigenetic modifications, DNA methylation and the methylation of multiple histone lysines, play significant roles in prostate cancer (PCa). Many histone methyltransferases (HMT) and demethylases (HDM), including the JMJD2 family of histone demethyalses, act as coregulators of AR, and many of these enzymes are implicated in CRPC. Because of this, HDMSs and HMTs have proven as attractive targets for therapeutic intervention. We have been studying TMEFF2, a protein that is regulated transcriptionally and translationally by the AR, and is overexpressed in PCa and CRPC suggesting a role in this disease. Data presented here demonstrate that TMEFF2 modulates JMJD2 controlled methyl histone marks and increases growth in androgen depleted conditions in CRPC cells. In correlation with its effect on histone methylation and growth, TMEFF2 overexpression increases resistance to the anti-growth effects of the pan-jumonji demethylase inhibitor, JIB-04, suggesting that TMEFF2 modulates growth, at least in part, by increasing jumonji demethylase activity. Additionally, TMEFF2 positively regulates PSA expression without altering AR levels in CRPC cells, indicating that TMEFF2 is a novel activator of AR. All together this data suggests a model in which TMEFF2, by modulating the activity of AR and JMJD2 enzymes, increases CRPC cell growth. Because CRPC remains to be a significant obstacle in the successful treatment of metastatic PCa, the results presented have the potential to be of therapeutic value.
M.S.
2015-02-02T19:25:59Z
2017-02-07T22:22:34Z
2014
Master's Thesis
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/4662
71 p.
dissertations, academic
application/pdf
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/116612022-10-26T07:16:19Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_103
Association of Patient Sex and Pregnancy Status With Naloxone Administration During Emergency Department Visits
Forbes, Lauren A.
Canner, Joseph K.
Milio, Lorraine
Halscott, Torre
Vaught, Arthur Jason
Naloxone
Emergency Department Visits
Patient Sex and Pregnancy Status
2022-10-25T14:48:05Z
2022-10-25T14:48:05Z
2021
Article
0029-7844
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/11661
10.1097/aog.0000000000004357
en_US
application/pdf
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/33932021-03-03T20:53:47Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_527
Autocrine production of extracellular catalase prevents apoptosis of the human CEM T-cell line in serum-free medium.
Sandstrom, Paul A.
Buttke, Thomas M.
CEM
Apoptosis
Autocrine production
CCRF-CEM is a human T-cell line originally isolated from a child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. At cell densities > 2 x 10 cells per ml, CEM cells grow in serum-free medium, but at lower cell densities the cultures rapidly undergo apoptosis, or programmed cell death. The viability of lowdensity CEM cells could be preserved by supplementing the serum-free medium with "conditioned" medium from highdensity CEM cultures, but a variety of known growth factors and lymphokines were ineffective. Fractionation ofconditioned medium by sequential chromatography on DEAE-cellulose, propyl agarose, chromatofocusing, and hydrophobic-interaction HPLC resulted in the isolation of a 60-kDa protein capable of sustaining CEM growth in the absence ofserum. The active protein was identified as human catalase based on its amino acid sequence and composition and was subsequently shown to exhibit catalase activity and to be replaceable by human erythrocyte catalase or bovine liver catalase. Comparison of the level of intracellular catalase activity with the amount released into the culture medium demonstrated that the latter accounted for <3% of the total catalase activity present in the cell culture. These findings show that, despite its low amount, the catalase released by CEM cells, and perhaps by T cells in general, provides a critical rust Ilne of defense against hydrogen peroxide (11202) present in the extracellular milieu. Originally published Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 90, No. 10, May 1993
2011-04-28T17:29:56Z
2011-05-17T01:40:05Z
2011-04-28T17:29:56Z
2011-05-17T01:40:05Z
1993-05-15
Article
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences; 90:10 p. 4708-4712
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3393
PMC46582
10.1073/pnas.90.10.4708
en_US
http://www.pnas.org/content/by/year/1993
Author notified of opt-out rights by Cammie Jennings prior to upload of this article.
application/pdf
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/30672021-03-03T20:57:58Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_98
The agony of agonal respiration: is the last gasp necessary?
Perkin, R. M.
Resnik, D. B.
Agonal respiration
Neuromuscular blocker
End of life care
Gasping respiration in the dying patient is the last respiratory pattern prior to terminal apnoea. The
duration of the gasping respiration phase varies; it may be as brief as one or two breaths to a
prolonged period of gasping lasting minutes or even hours. Gasping respiration is very abnormal, easy
to recognise and distinguish from other respiratory patterns and, in the dying patient who has elected
to not be resuscitated, will always result in terminal apnoea.
Gasping respiration is also referred to as agonal respiration and the name is appropriate because the
gasping breaths appear uncomfortable and raise concern that the patient is suffering and in agony.
Enough uncertainty exists about the influence of gasping respiration on patient wellbeing, that it is
appropriate to assume that the gasping breaths are burdensome to patients. Therefore, gasping respiration
at the end of life should be treated.
We propose that there is an ethical basis, in rare circumstances, for the use of neuromuscular blockade
to suppress prolonged episodes of agonal respiration in the well-sedated patient in order to allow a
peaceful and comfortable death. Originally published Journal of Medical Ethics, Vol. 28, No. 3, June 2002
2011-01-21T19:35:07Z
2011-05-17T00:49:06Z
2011-01-21T19:35:07Z
2011-05-17T00:49:06Z
2002-06
Article
Journal of Medical Ethics; 28:3 p. 164-169
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3067
PMC1733591
10.1136/jme.28.3.164
en_US
http://jme.bmj.com/content/by/year/2002
application/pdf
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/124132023-03-15T07:16:51Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_106
Immediate Impact of Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery on Regional Myocardial Perfusion: Results from the Collaborative Pilot Study to Determine the Correlation Between Intraoperative Observations Using Spy Near-Infrared Imaging and Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory Physiological Assessment of Lesion Severity
Ferguson, T. Bruce, Jr.
Buch, Ashesh N.
et al
myocardial perfusion
coronary physiology
bypass grafting
2023-03-14T16:14:54Z
2023-03-14T16:14:54Z
2022-12
Article
2666-2736
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/12413
10.1016/j.xjon.2022.08.012
en_US
application/pdf
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/57342022-12-09T19:10:05Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_96
Catalpol Modulates Lifespan via DAF-16/FOXO and SKN-1/Nrf2 Activation in
Seo, Hyun Won
Cheon, Se-Myeong
Lee, Myon-Hee
Kim, Hong Jun
Jeon, Hoon
Cha, Dong Seok
Catalpol is an effective component of rehmannia root and known to possess various pharmacological properties. The present study was aimed at investigating the potential effects of catalpol on the lifespan and stress tolerance using C. elegans model system. Herein, catalpol showed potent lifespan extension of wild-type nematode under normal culture condition. In addition, survival rate of catalpol-fed nematodes was significantly elevated compared to untreated control under heat and oxidative stress but not under hyperosmolality conditions. We also found that elevated antioxidant enzyme activities and expressions of stress resistance proteins were attributed to catalpol-mediated increased stress tolerance of nematode. We further investigated whether catalpol’s longevity effect is related to aging-related factors including reproduction, food intake, and growth. Interestingly, catalpol exposure could attenuate pharyngeal pumping rate, indicating that catalpol may induce dietary restriction of nematode. Moreover, locomotory ability of aged nematode was significantly improved by catalpol treatment, while lipofuscin levels were attenuated, suggesting that catalpol may affect age-associated changes of nematode. Our mechanistic studies revealed that mek-1, daf-2, age-1, daf-16, and skn-1 are involved in catalpol-mediated longevity. These results indicate that catalpol extends lifespan and increases stress tolerance of C. elegans via DAF-16/FOXO and SKN-1/Nrf activation dependent on insulin/IGF signaling and JNK signaling.
2016-06-23T17:21:31Z
2016-06-23T17:21:31Z
2015
Article
Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : eCAM; 2015: p. 1-10
1741-427X
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/5734
pmc4363898
10.1155/2015/524878
http://www.hindawi.com/journals/ecam/2015/524878/
application/pdf
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/52562021-03-03T21:01:20Zcom_10342_7351com_10342_6421com_10342_1com_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_7362col_10342_6408col_10342_7167col_10342_103
Associations between farmers market managers’ motivations and market-level Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Electronic Benefit Transfer (SNAP/EBT) availability and business vitality
Ward, Rachel
Slawson, Deborah
Wu, Qiang
Jilcott Pitts, Stephanie Bell
Electronic benefit transfer
Farmers market
Supplemental nutrition assistance program
SNAP/EBT
Ward, R., Slawson, D., Wu, Q., & Pitts, S. J. (2015). Associations between farmers market managers’ motivations and market-level Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Electronic Benefit Transfer (SNAP/EBT) availability and business vitality. Journal of Agriculture, Food Systems, and Community Development, 6(1), 121–130. http://dx.doi.org/10.5304/jafscd.2015.061.010. Licensed under a CC BY 4.0 license.
Farmers markets are promoted to improve access
to healthy food for low-income consumers by
providing affordable produce via Supplemental
Nutrition Assistance Program Electronic Benefit
Transfer (SNAP/EBT). Having SNAP/EBT at
markets also expands revenue opportunities for
participating farmers. Market managers play a key
role in implementing SNAP/EBT and promoting
business opportunities for farmers, yet they are not
motivated equally by public health and business
goals. There are few studies examining market
managers’ influence on food access for low-income
households and business opportunities for farmers.
We examined associations between managers’
motivations and (1) food access for low-income
households, measured by SNAP/EBT availability,
and (2) business vitality, measured by vendor
participation. A survey assessing manager motivation, SNAP/EBT availability, and vendor participation was sent to all market managers
(N=271) in North Carolina. Seventy (26%)
managers completed the survey. Multiple
regression models were used to examine the
association between managers’ motivations to (1)
improve access to healthful food and SNAP/EBT
availability, and to (2) support business
opportunities and total vendor count, weekly
vendor count, and the number of vendors who sell
only what they produce (“producer-only�). There
was no significant association between food access
motivation and SNAP/EBT availability, or
business motivation and total and weekly vendor
count. A high business motivation score was
positively associated with having 13 more
producer-only vendors at the market. Manager pay
was positively correlated with vendor participation,
including total vendor, weekly, and producer-only
vendor counts. Our results suggest that public
health interventions should emphasize the business
opportunities offered by SNAP/EBT at farmers’
markets, ultimately leveraging market managers’
business goals to encourage SNAP/EBT
implementation.
ECU Open Access Publishing Support Fund
2016-05-11T17:51:08Z
2016-05-11T17:51:08Z
2015-12-08
Article
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/5256
http://dx.doi.org/10.5304/jafscd.2015.061.010
en_US
http://www.agdevjournal.com/component/content/article/598-farmers-market-managers-motivations.html
application/pdf
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/112622022-09-17T07:18:14Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_77
Functional Analysis of N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase-I Knockdown in 2D and 3D Neuroblastoma Cell Culturess
Hall, M. Kristen
Burch, Adam P.
Schwalbe, Ruth A.
N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase-I
neuroblastoma cell cultures
Tumor development
2022-09-16T19:28:25Z
2022-09-16T19:28:25Z
2021-11-11
Article
1932-6203
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/11262
10.1371/journal.pone.0259743
en_US
application/pdf
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/91002022-12-01T09:01:59Zcom_10342_122com_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_123col_10342_100
Acidosis Activated GPR68 Promotes Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Growth
Morgan, Joshua S
Tulis, David
Physiology
GPCRs
Cardiovascular
CVD
cAMP
VSMC
Gs
EPAC1
Rap1A/1B
PKA
Muscle, Smooth, Vascular
Myocytes, Smooth Muscle
Acidosis
GPR68 protein, human
Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the primary cause of death in the United States and worldwide. Localized extracellular acidosis has been theorized as a possible contributor to CVD pathogenesis, but its precise impact remains unclear. G protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) are seven transmembrane receptors that have wide-ranging functions in cardiovascular physiology and pathophysiology. A sub-family of proton sensing GPCRs has been identified that senses changes in extracellular pH and are activated in acidic conditions. One proton sensing GPCR, GPR68, is primarily localized in vascular smooth muscle (VSM) and is thought to signal through stimulatory Gs signaling. The Gs pathway is known to activate cyclic AMP and its downstream effectors PKA and EPAC, yet the influence of GPR68 and its cyclic AMP signals on VSM cell (VSMC) growth in the context of CVD in not known. The hypothesis of this study was to determine that acidic activation of proton sensing GPR68 and its Gs signals regulates VSMC growth via decreased cell proliferation and increased cell death, in turn implicating GPR68 as a potential cytostatic target to control pathologic VSM growth. In primary VSMCs under growth stimulated, normal pH conditions, loss of GPR68 (using GPR68 knockout (KO) models) results in increased proliferation with evidence pointing toward abbreviated cell cycle progression. Activation of GPR68 under acidic conditions suggests stimulation of Gs signaling through cAMP and the downstream effectors EPAC1, Rap1A/1B, and ERK1/2. Activation of GPR68 under acidic conditions also shows possible influence on intracellular calcium and the cytokine IL-6. In comparison, our in vivo arterial injury studies that mimic acidic vascular conditions suggest a decrease in GPR68 activation and that lack of GPR68 minimalizes remodeling and neointimal growth of VSMCs. Importantly these novel findings highlight the importance of GPR68 and Gs signaling in context-specific regulation of VSMC growth under both normal and acidic conditions. Clinically, a more complete understanding of possible biased signaling for GPR68 could elucidate contextual Gs signaling for deterring the proliferative hallmarks of occlusive CVD.
2021-06-14T02:42:49Z
2022-12-01T09:01:58Z
2020-12
2020-12-17
December 2020
2021-06-02T15:57:33Z
Doctoral Dissertation
text
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/9100
en
application/pdf
application/pdf
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/32032021-03-03T20:58:10Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_527
Genetic Organization and Iron-Responsive Regulation of the Brucella abortus 2,3-Dihydroxybenzoic Acid Biosynthesis Operon, a Cluster of Genes Required for Wild-Type Virulence in Pregnant Cattle
Bellaire, Bryan H.
Elzer, Philip H.
Hagius, Sue
Walker, Joel
Baldwin, Cynthia L.
Roop, R. Martin II
2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid
Brucella abortus
Iron limitation
Brucella abortus reportedly produces the monocatechol siderophore 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid (2,3-DHBA) in response to iron limitation. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the cloned DHBA biosynthesis locus from virulent B. abortus 2308 and genetic complementation of defined Escherichia coli mutants were used to identify the B. abortus genes (designated dhbC, -B, and -A) responsible for synthesis of this siderophore. Reverse transcriptase PCR analysis of total RNA with dhb-specific primers demonstrated that dhbC, -B, and -A are transcribed as components of an operon, together with dhbE, a functional homolog of the Escherichia coli entE gene. Homologs of the E. coli entD and Vibrio cholerae vibH genes were also detected in the flanking regions immediately adjacent to the B. abortus dhbCEBA operon, suggesting that B. abortus has the genetic capacity to produce a more complex 2,3-DHBA-based siderophore. Slot blot hybridization experiments and primer extension analysis showed that transcription of the B. abortus dhbCEBA operon originates from two iron-regulated promoters located upstream of dhbC. Consistent with their iron-dependent regulation, both of the dhbCEBA promoter sequences contain typical consensus Fur-binding motifs. Although previously published studies have shown that 2,3-DHBA production is not required for the establishment and maintenance of chronic spleen infection by B. abortus in mice, experimental infection of pregnant cattle with the B. abortus dhbC mutant BHB1 clearly showed that production of this siderophore is essential for wild-type virulence in the natural ruminant host. Originally published Infection and Immunity, Vol. 71, No. 4, Apr 2003
2011-02-04T19:57:18Z
2011-05-17T01:40:00Z
2011-02-04T19:57:18Z
2011-05-17T01:40:00Z
2003-04
Article
Infection and Immunity; 71:4 p. 1794-1803
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3203
PMC152065
10.1128/IAI.71.4.1794-1803.2003
en_US
http://iai.asm.org/cgi/content/abstract/71/4/1794
Author notified of opt-out rights by Cammie Jennings
application/pdf
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/105622022-04-21T07:15:49Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_86
Basil is nutritious and full of flavor
Hines, Erika
Kolasa, Kathryn
Medicine, Nutrition, Basil, Pesto, Herbs, Cooking
Medical and dietetic students often co-author a column for the Daily Reflector under Dr. Kolasa's byline. The students research the topic a reader or patient has asked. Dr. Kolasa reviews their draft for technical accuracy, patient friendly language, people first language. She fact checks the study or other evidence-based reference the student provides. If a physician review is appropriate, Dr. Kolasa requests a colleague from ECU physicians to review the article. The final draft is submitted to the Reflector with the editor having the final say. The headline is written by the Reflector headline writer. The food and nutrition column has run weekly since 1987. Starting in 2020, in addition to the Daily Reflector, the article is published in daily and weekly papers owned by the Adams Publishing Group East (https://adamspg.com)
This is a weekly Q and A newspaper column under the byline of Dr. Kathy Kolasa. Today's column is highlighting the nutritional value of the herb basil and how to incorporate it into your meals.
None
2022-04-20T14:44:32Z
2022-04-20T14:44:32Z
2021-10-13
Other Scholarly Work
Hines E, Kolasa KM. Basil is nutritious and full of flavor. Daily Reflector. Pages A4, A5. October 14, 2021 Also at www.reflector.com. Accessed October 13, 2021
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/10562
en_US
www.reflector.com
1
application/pdf
application/pdf
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/57192021-03-03T21:04:01Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_95
Postpartum Prolapsed Leiomyoma with Uterine Inversion Managed by Vaginal Hysterectomy
Pieh-Holder, Kelly L.
Bell, Heidi
Hall, Tana
DeVente, James E.
Background. Uterine inversion is a rare, but life threatening, obstetrical emergency which occurs when the uterine fundus collapses into the endometrial cavity. Various conservative and surgical therapies have been outlined in the literature for the management of uterine inversions. Case. We present a case of a chronic, recurrent uterine inversion, which was diagnosed following spontaneous vaginal delivery and recurred seven weeks later. The uterine inversion was likely due to a leiomyoma. This late-presenting, chronic, recurring uterine inversion was treated with a vaginal hysterectomy. Conclusion. Uterine inversions can occur in both acute and chronic phases. Persistent vaginal bleeding with the appearance of a prolapsing fibroid should prompt further investigation for uterine inversion and may require surgical therapy. A vaginal hysterectomy may be an appropriate management option in select populations and may be considered in women who do not desire to maintain reproductive function.
2016-06-23T16:25:40Z
2016-06-23T16:25:40Z
2014
Article
Case Reports in Obstetrics and Gynecology; 2014: p. 1-4
2090-6684
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/5719
pmc4213396
10.1155/2014/435101
http://www.hindawi.com/journals/criog/2014/435101/
application/pdf
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/34052021-03-03T20:52:56Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_75
Apigenin Prevents UVB-Induced Cyclooxygenase 2 Expression: Coupled mRNA Stabilization and Translational Inhibition
Tong, Xin
Van Dross, Rukiyah T.
Abu-Yousif, Adnan
Morrison, Aubrey R.
Pelling, Jill C.
Cyclooxygenase
Carcinogenesis
Apigenin
Cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) is a key enzyme in the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins, and COX-2 overexpression plays an important role in carcinogenesis. Exposure to UVB strongly increased COX-2 protein expression in mouse 308 keratinocytes, and this induction was inhibited by apigenin, a nonmutagenic bioflavonoid that has been shown to prevent mouse skin carcinogenesis induced by both chemical carcinogens and UV exposure. Our previous study suggested that one pathway by which apigenin inhibits UV-induced and
basal COX-2 expression is through modulation of USF transcriptional activity in the 5 upstream region of the COX-2 gene. Here, we found that apigenin treatment also increased COX-2 mRNA stability, and the inhibitory effect of apigenin on UVB-induced luciferase reporter gene activity was dependent on the AU-rich element of the COX-2 3 -untranslated region. Furthermore, we identified two RNA-binding proteins, HuR and the T-cell-restricted intracellular antigen 1-related protein (TIAR), which were associated with endogenous COX-2
mRNA in 308 keratinocytes, and apigenin treatment increased their localization to cell cytoplasm. More importantly, reduction of HuR levels by small interfering RNA inhibited apigenin-mediated stabilization of COX-2 mRNA. Cells expressing reduced TIAR showed marked resistance to apigenin’s ability to inhibit UVB-induced COX-2 expression. Taken together, these results indicate that in addition to transcriptional regulation, another mechanism by which apigenin prevents COX-2 expression is through mediating TIAR suppression of translation. Originally published Molecular and Cellular Biology, Vol. 27, No. 1, Jan 2007
2011-04-28T18:00:53Z
2011-05-17T13:10:58Z
2011-04-28T18:00:53Z
2011-05-17T13:10:58Z
2007-01
Article
Molecular and Cellular Biology; 27:1 p. 283-296
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3405
PMC1800648
10.1128/MCB.01282-06
en_US
http://mcb.asm.org/cgi/content/abstract/27/1/283
Author notified of opt-out rights by Cammie Jennings prior to upload of this article.
application/pdf
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/124362023-03-24T19:24:17Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_527
Cellular miR-150-5p May Have a Crucial Role to Play in the Biology of SARS-CoV-2 Infection by Regulating nsp10 Gene
Akula, Shaw M.
Bolin, Paul
Cook, Paul P.
COVID-19
circulating biomarkers
plasma
2023-03-24T19:24:17Z
2023-03-24T19:24:17Z
2022
Article
1547-6286
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/12436
10.1080/15476286.2021.2010959
en_US
application/pdf
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/54102021-03-03T21:03:22Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_78
Type.Cast: The Heart of Medicine (2008)
Brody School of Medicine
Medicine
Medical students
Art
Artwork
Literature
Poetry
2008 Edition II
An art and literary magazine published by the Brody School of Medicine, Division of Health Sciences. The magazine contains artwork and writings by Brody School of Medicine's medical students.
2016-05-27T16:47:04Z
2016-05-27T16:47:04Z
2008
Other Scholarly Work
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/5410
en_US
http://www.ecu.edu/cs-dhs/typecast/past.cfm
34
application/pdf
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/58622021-03-03T21:12:12Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_104
A case of successfully treated with voriconazole
Rimawi, Bassam H.
Rimawi, Ramzy H.
Mirdamadi, Meena
Steed, Lisa L.
Marchell, Richard
Sutton, Deanna A.
Thompson, Elizabeth H.
Wiederhold, Nathan P.
Lindner, Jonathan R.
Boger, M. Sean
2016-07-28T18:31:57Z
2016-07-28T18:31:57Z
2013-09
Article
Medical Mycology Case Reports; 2: p. 144-147
2211-7539
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/5862
pmc3885957
10.1016/j.mmcr.2013.08.003
application/pdf
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/33262022-12-14T16:23:07Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_106
Physical Activity Levels of Patients Undergoing Bariatric Surgery in the Longitudinal Assessment of Bariatric Surgery (LABS) Study
King, Wendy C.
Belle, S. H.
Eid, G. M.
Dakin, G. F.
Inabnet, W. B.
Mitchell, James E.
Patterson, E. J.
Courcoulas, A. P.
Flum, David
Chapman, William H. H.
Wolfe, B. M.
Obesity
Morbid bariatric surgery
Physical activity
Accelerometer
Objective exercise
Background- Bariatric surgery candidates' physical activity (PA) level may contribute to the variability of weight loss and body composition changes following bariatric surgery. However, there is little research describing the PA of patients undergoing bariatric surgery to inform PA recommendations in preparation for, and following, surgery.
Objectives- Describe PA assessment in the LABS-2 study and report pre-surgery PA level. Examine relationships between objectively determined PA level and 1) BMI and 2) self-reported purposeful exercise.
Setting- Six sites in the U.S.
Methods- Participants wore an accelerometer and completed a PA diary. Standardized measures of height and weight were obtained.
Results- Of 757 participants, 20% were sedentary (<5000 steps/day), 34% low active (5000-7499 steps/day), 27% somewhat active (7500-9999 steps/day), 14% active (10000-12499 steps/day), and 6% were highly active (greater than or equal to 12500 steps/day). BMI was inversely related to mean steps/day and mean steps/minute during the most active 30 minutes each day. The most commonly reported activities were walking, 44%; gardening, 11%; playing with children, 10%; and stretching, 7%. Self-report of minutes of exercise accounted for 2% of the variance in objectively determined steps.
Conclusion- Patients present for bariatric surgery with a wide range of PA levels, with almost half categorized as somewhat active or active. BMI is inversely related to total amount and intensity of PA. Few patients report a regular pre-operative exercise regimen suggesting most PA is accumulated from activities of daily living. Patient report of daily minutes of walking or exercise may not be a reliable indication of their PA level. Originally published Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases, Vol. 4, No. 6, Nov-Dec 2008
2011-04-15T15:15:32Z
2011-05-17T01:16:49Z
2011-04-15T15:15:32Z
2011-05-17T01:16:49Z
2008
Article
Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases; 4:6 p. 721-728
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3326
PMC2613573
en_US
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B7MD3-4TCHKRM-1&_user=634873&_coverDate=12%2F31%2F2008&_rdoc=1&_fmt=high&_orig=gateway&_origin=gateway&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_acct=C000033758&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=634873&md5=875d51c53757f58f25a5bcf3786864f7&searchtype=a
Author notified of opt-out rights by Cammie Jennings prior to upload of this article.
application/pdf
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/123482023-02-21T08:16:17Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_84
Social Network Analysis of Publication Collaboration of Accelerating Change in MedEd Consortium
Lawson, Luan
Santen, Sally A.
et al
Social network
undergraduate medical education
consortium
2023-02-20T16:49:08Z
2023-02-20T16:49:08Z
2022
Article
0142-159X
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/12348
10.1080/0142159X.2021.1985096
en_US
application/pdf
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/95522022-03-29T14:04:05Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_106oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/132282024-01-16T17:00:14Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_86
Good nutrition can help vegetarians recover from surgery
Armel, Kristen
Kolasa, Kathryn M
medicine, nutrition, surgery, exercise, preoperative, postoperative, fitness
Medical and dietetic students often co-author a column for the Daily Reflector under Dr. Kolasa's byline. The students research the topic a reader or patient has asked. Dr. Kolasa reviews their draft for technical accuracy, patient friendly language, people first language. She fact checks the study or other evidence-based reference the student provides. If a physician review is appropriate, Dr. Kolasa requests a colleague from ECU physicians to review the article. The final draft is submitted to the Reflector with the editor having the final say. The headline is written by the Reflector headline writer. The food and nutrition column has run weekly since 1987. Starting in 2020, in addition to the Daily Reflector, the article is published in daily and weekly papers owned by the Adams Publishing Group East (https://adamspg.com)
This is a weekly Q and A newspaper column under the byline of Dr. Kathy Kolasa. Today's column is understanding how a vegetarian diet and exercise may impact health outcomes after a procedure and exploring how these factors may help patients recover from surgery.
None
2024-01-16T17:00:13Z
2024-01-16T17:00:13Z
2024-01-10
Other Scholarly Work
Armel K, Kolasa KM. Good nutrition can help vegetarians recover from surgery. Daily Reflector. page A6. January 10, 2024. Also at www.reflector.com. Accessed January 4, 2024.
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/13228
en_US
www.reflector.com
1
application/pdf
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/95632022-01-28T08:17:52Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_106
Bariatric Surgery among Medicare Subgroups: Short- and LongTerm Outcomes
Pories, Walter J.
Bariatric Surgery
Medicare Subgroups
Outcomes
2022-01-27T14:16:00Z
2022-01-27T14:16:00Z
2019-11
Article
1930-7381
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/9563
10.1002/oby.22613
en_US
application/pdf
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/96172022-02-01T08:15:35Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_527
Targeting Signaling and Apoptotic Pathways Involved in Chemotherapeutic Drug-Resistance of Hematopoietic Cells
McCubrey, James
hematopoietic cells
apoptotic pathways
chemosensitivity
2022-01-31T19:26:07Z
2022-01-31T19:26:07Z
2017
Article
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/9617
en_US
application/pdf
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/98592022-02-27T08:15:04Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_100
Fatty Infiltration Is a Prognostic Marker of Muscle Function After Rotator Cuff Tear
Spangenburg, Espen
Supraspinatus
muscle fatty infiltration
muscle atrophy
2022-02-26T16:31:15Z
2022-02-26T16:31:15Z
2018-05-11
Article
0363-5465
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/9859
10.1177/0363546518769267
en_US
application/pdf
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/31232021-03-03T20:54:55Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_100
Identification, cloning and functional characterization of novel beta-defensins in the rat (Rattus norvegicus)
Yenugu, Suresh
Chintalgattu, Vishnu
Wingard, Christopher J.
Radhakrishnan, Yashwanth
French, Frank S.
Hall, Susan H.
Beta-defensins
Sperm maturation
Antimicrobial properties
Background
beta-defensins are small cationic peptides that exhibit broad spectrum antimicrobial properties. The majority of beta-defensins identified in humans are predominantly expressed in the male reproductive tract and have roles in non-immunological processes such as sperm maturation and capacitation. Characterization of novel defensins in the male reproductive tract can lead to increased understanding of their dual roles in immunity and sperm maturation.
Methods
In silico rat genomic analyses were used to identify novel beta-defensins related to human defensins 118–123. RNAs isolated from male reproductive tract tissues of rat were reverse transcribed and PCR amplified using gene specific primers for defensins. PCR products were sequenced to confirm their identity. RT-PCR analysis was performed to analyze the tissue distribution, developmental expression and androgen regulation of these defensins. Recombinant defensins were tested against E. coli in a colony forming unit assay to analyze their antimicrobial activities.
Results
Novel beta-defensins, Defb21, Defb24, Defb27, Defb30 and Defb36 were identified in the rat male reproductive tract. Defb30 and Defb36 were the most restricted in expression, whereas the others were expressed in a variety of tissues including the female reproductive tract. Early onset of defensin expression was observed in the epididymides of 10–60 day old rats. Defb21-Defb36 expression in castrated rats was down regulated and maintained at normal levels in testosterone supplemented animals. DEFB24 and DEFB30 proteins showed potent dose and time dependent antibacterial activity.
Conclusion
Rat Defb21, Defb24, Defb27, Defb30 and Defb36 are abundantly expressed in the male reproductive tract where they most likely protect against microbial invasion. They are developmentally regulated and androgen is required for full expression in the adult epididymis. Originally published Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology, Vol. 4, No. 7, Feb 2006
2011-01-28T18:37:59Z
2011-05-17T00:56:25Z
2011-01-28T18:37:59Z
2011-05-17T00:56:25Z
2006-02-04
Article
Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology; 4:7 p. 1-9
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3123
PMC1420305
10.1186/1477-7827-4-7
en_US
http://www.rbej.com/content/4/1/7
Author notified of opt-out rights by Cammie Jennings
application/pdf
East Carolina University
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/57092021-03-03T20:59:52Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_93
Is Content Really King? An Objective Analysis of the Public's Response to Medical Videos on YouTube
Desai, Tejas
Shariff, Afreen
Dhingra, Vibhu
Minhas, Deeba
Eure, Megan
Kats, Mark
Medical educators and patients are turning to YouTube to teach and learn about medical conditions. These videos are from authors whose credibility cannot be verified & are not peer reviewed. As a result, studies that have analyzed the educational content of YouTube have reported dismal results. These studies have been unable to exclude videos created by questionable sources and for non-educational purposes. We hypothesize that medical education YouTube videos, authored by credible sources, are of high educational value and appropriately suited to educate the public. Credible videos about cardiovascular diseases were identified using the Mayo Clinic's Center for Social Media Health network. Content in each video was assessed by the presence/absence of 7 factors. Each video was also evaluated for understandability using the Suitability Assessment of Materials (SAM). User engagement measurements were obtained for each video. A total of 607 videos (35 hours) were analyzed. Half of all videos contained 3 educational factors: treatment, screening, or prevention. There was no difference between the number of educational factors present & any user engagement measurement (p NS). SAM scores were higher in videos whose content discussed more educational factors (p<0.0001). However, none of the user engagement measurements correlated with higher SAM scores. Videos with greater educational content are more suitable for patient education but unable to engage users more than lower quality videos. It is unclear if the notion “content is king� applies to medical videos authored by credible organizations for the purposes of patient education on YouTube.
2016-06-23T15:13:06Z
2016-06-23T15:13:06Z
2013
Article
PLoS ONE; 8:12 p. 1-6
1932-6203
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/5709
pmc3867348
10.1371/journal.pone.0082469
http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0082469
application/pdf
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/117352022-11-12T08:16:09Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_99
The Actin Bundling Protein Fascin‑1 as an ACE2‑Accessory Protein
Sriramula, Srinivas
Ogunlade, Blessing
Guidry, Jessie J.
Mukerjee, Snigdha
Lazartigues, Eric
Filipeanu, Catalin M.
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2
Fascin-1
Actin bundling protein
2022-11-11T15:17:47Z
2022-11-11T15:17:47Z
2022-08-31
Article
0272-4340
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/11735
10.1007/s10571-020-00951-x
en_US
application/pdf
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/47542022-12-12T17:47:36Zcom_10342_7351com_10342_6421com_10342_74com_10342_73com_10342_1col_10342_7366col_10342_96col_10342_6408col_10342_7167
Prognostic factor from MR spectroscopy in rat with astrocytic tumour during radiation therapy
Yu, T G
Feng, Y
Feng, XY
Dai, J Z
Huang, Zhibin
Radiation therapy
Objective:
To investigate the relationship between the tumour volume and metabolic rates of astrocytic tumours using MR spectroscopy (MRS) during radiation therapy (RT).
Methods:
12 healthy male Sprague-Dawley® rats (Sprague–Dawley Animal Company, Madison, WI) were used, and a tumour model was created through injecting C6 tumour cells into the right caudate nuclei of the rats. Tumours grew for 18 days after the injection and before the imaging study and radiation treatment. MRS was performed with two-dimensional multivoxel point-resolved spectroscopy sequence using a GE Signa VH/i 3.0-T MR scanner (GE Healthcare, Milwaukee, WI) equipped with rat-special coil. RT was given on the 19th day with a dose of 4 Gy in one single fraction. The image examinations were performed before RT, and on the 4th, 10th, 14th and 20th days after treatment, respectively. GE FuncTool software package (GE Healthcare) was used for post-processing of spectrum.
Results:
Metabolic ratios of serial MRS decrease progressively with time after RT. Choline-containing components (Cho)/creatine and creatine phosphate (Cr) ratios immediately prior to RT differed significantly from those on the 10th, 14th and 20th days after RT; both Cho/N-acetyl aspartate (NAA) ratios and NAA/Cr ratios immediately prior to RT differed significantly from those on the 14th and 20th days after RT. A positive correlation between changes of tumour volume and changes of Cho/Cr, lipid and lactate/Cr and glutamate plus glutamine/Cr ratio was observed on the 4th day after RT.
Conclusion:
MRS provides potential in monitoring tumour response during RT, and the imaging biomarkers predict the response of astrocytic tumours to treatment.
Advances in knowledge:
MRS is combined with both tumour size and Ki-67 labelling index to access tumour response to radiation.
ECU Open Access Publishing Support Fund
2015-04-10T14:55:21Z
2015-04-10T14:55:21Z
2014-11-27
Article
The British Journal of Radiology; 88:1045 p. 1-10
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/4754
25382247
10.1259/bjr.20140418
en_US
http://www.birpublications.org/doi/pdf/10.1259/bjr.20140418
application/pdf
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/51892021-03-03T20:58:56Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_104
Method of treating asthma using IL-8
Fisher, Robert H.
Metzger, James
A method of treating asthma in a subject in need of such treatment comprises contacting Interleukin-8 or an active fragment thereof to the respiratory epithelium of the subject. The active agent is preferably human endothelial IL-8, and is preferably contacted to the subject's respiratory epithelium by causing the subject to inhale respirable particles comprised of the active agent.
2016-02-05T18:16:58Z
2016-02-05T18:16:58Z
1994-03-01
Patent
U.S. Patent No. 5,290,550
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/5189
application/pdf
oai:TheScholarship.intra.ecu.edu:10342/10882021-03-03T20:55:00Zcom_10342_74com_10342_73col_10342_98
Effect of gender on auditory brainstem response latencies and thresholds to air-and bone-conducted clicks in newborn infants
Effect of Gender on ARB Latencies Thresholds
Stuart, Andrew
Yang, Edward Y.
Auditory brainstem response
Latency
Threshold
Gender
Auditory adaptation
Brain stem
Sex differences
Evoked Potentials
Gender identity
Auditory
Brain Stem
Objective: An examination of gender differences in auditory brainstem response (ABR) wave V latencies and thresholds to air-and bone- conducted clicks was undertaken with newborn infants. Design: Two hundred and two full-term newborn infants served as participants (i.e., 103 males and 99 females). Wave V latency measures for air-and bone-conducted click stimuli of 30, 45, and 60 dB nHL and 15 and 30 dB nHL, respectively and thresholds to air-and bone-conducted clicks were determined. Results: Female newborns displayed statistically significant shorter wave V latencies than male newborns for air-conducted click stimuli (p = .0016). There were no significant differences in wave V latencies to bone- conducted click stimuli (p = .11). Females displayed lower ABR thresholds to both air-and bone-conducted stimuli but the differences did not attain statistical significance (p = .054 and p = .18 for air-and bone-conducted stimuli, respectively). Conclusion: The findings of gender disparities in ABR latencies and thresholds to air-conducted clicks may be attributed to either anatomical differences at the periphery or more efficient neural conduction in the auditory nerve and/or brainstem. It was speculated that gender-related Effect of Gender On ABR Latencies and Thresholds 4 differences in bone density or maturation of the skull sutures could affect bone-conducted signal transmission to the cochlea thereby offsetting some inefficiency offered by air-conduction with newborn males. This in turn would minimize gender differences with bone-conducted stimuli.
2008-08-15T15:08:44Z
2009-08-07T13:47:37Z
2011-05-17T00:49:06Z
2008-08-15T15:08:44Z
2009-08-07T13:47:37Z
2011-05-17T00:49:06Z
2001
Article
Journal of Communication Disorders; 34:3 p. 229-239
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/1088
10.1016/S0021-9924(01)00048-X
en
1 p.
application/pdf
East Carolina University
oai_dc///com_10342_74/100