Browsing by Subject "Musculoskeletal system"
Now showing items 1-14 of 14
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Characterization of the glucose transporters responsible for mechanical overloadstimulated glucose uptake in mouse skeletal muscle
(East Carolina University, 8/5/2020)Resistance exercise training is a recommended form of physical activity for people with type 2 diabetes due to its ability to increase skeletal muscle glucose uptake. Understanding how resistance training controls muscle ... -
Comparison of Scaled vs. Ultrasound Based Musculoskeletal Models on Knee Muscle Moments During Single-Leg Squatting
(East Carolina University, 2012)Muscles produce force, resulting in moments about a joint, causing movement of the body. Muscle forces are estimated with a Hill-type model incorporating four parameters; optimal fiber length (OFL), tendon slack length, ... -
THE EFFECT OF CONTRACTILE ACTIVITY AND SUBSTRATE CHALLENGES ON METABOLIC FLEXIBILITY IN HUMAN PRIMARY MYOTUBES
(East Carolina University, 2013)The skeletal muscle of severely obese individuals (BMI > 40 kg/m²) is characterized by a depressed ability to oxidize fatty acids and a failure to upregulate fatty acid oxidation (FAO) in response to increased lipid ... -
Effects of a high fat diet and/or overload on striated muscle structure, function, or metabolism
(East Carolina University, 2020-12-03)Consumption of a high fat diet combined with physical inactivity is associated with many adverse health effects including obesity, insulin resistance/type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease/myocardial infarction. The ... -
ENHANCED INSULIN SIGNALING FOLLOWING CONTRACTILE ACTIVITY IS BLUNTED IN MYOTUBES FROM SEVERELY OBESE INDIVIDUALS WITH OR WITHOUT TYPE 2 DIABETES
(East Carolina University, 2018-06-11)Introduction: Regular exercise has been known to improve insulin sensitivity in obese/ Type 2 Diabetic (T2D) individuals. However, some obese and T2D individuals do not respond well to regular exercise in their metabolic ... -
High-Fat Diet Induced Obesity Increases Serum Myostatin, but Does Not Accelerate Skeletal Muscle Atrophy
(East Carolina University, 2013)Myostatin is a potent negative regulator of muscle mass, i.e. high levels of myostatin induce loss of muscle. Surprisingly, severely obese humans and obese mice have elevated levels of serum myostatin, but the role of ... -
Increased Degradation of Adenosine Monophosphate as a Regulator of Maximal Mitochondrial Respiration
(East Carolina University, 2019-07-02)Atrophied skeletal muscle have enhanced fatigability due at least in part to a reduction of mitochondria content. Mitochondrial biogenesis is regulated by the transcriptional coactivator PGC-1 alpha, which in turn is ... -
Metabolic Flexibility in Non-Obese Individuals
(East Carolina University, 2020-06-22)Human skeletal muscle cells have been used as a tool to study and understand skeletal muscle metabolism due to their retention in characteristics from their donor. Metabolic flexibility is the ability to respond or adapt ... -
Metabolic Inflexibility in Skeletal Muscle With Obesity
(East Carolina University, 2009)The skeletal muscle of obese individuals has a reduced capacity to oxidize lipids. The hypothesis to be tested in this dissertation is that the ability to regulate lipid oxidation in response to lipid exposure is impaired ... -
Mitochondrial Oxidative Capacity In Human Skeletal Muscle: Association with Plasma Lactate Concentration
(East Carolina University, 2018-07-11)ABSTRACT Background: Metabolic disease is a growing concern for public health. Obesity and Type II Diabetes are an epidemic and a phenotype for insulin resistance in human skeletal muscle. A reduced mitochondrial function ... -
Muscle Work Discrepancy during Incline and Decline Running at Three Speeds
(East Carolina University, 2009)Introduction: Previous research has explored muscle function during gait and this work has shown that more positive mechanical muscle work is produced in gait tasks that primarily raise the center of mass (incline gait ... -
Relationships Among Measures of Strength and Power and Health Outcomes in Youth
(East Carolina University, 2014)The interest in musculoskeletal fitness and its overall impact on health has been increasing in the last decade. The Institute of Medicine (2012) report called for the addition of several muscular fitness tests to national ... -
SKELETAL MUSCLE INSULIN SENSITIVITY AND DURATION OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS
(East Carolina University, 2012)Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) resolution following Roux-en Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery is reduced in patients with longer duration of T2DM and preliminary data suggest this may be mechanistically linked to lower ... -
SKELETAL MUSCLE METABOLIC FLEXIBILITY IMPAIRMENTS IN RESPONSE TO LIPID WITH OBESITY : EFFECT OF EXERCISE TRAINING
(East Carolina University, 2012)Obese individuals exhibit skeletal muscle metabolic inflexibility by failing to increase fat oxidation and genes linked with mitochondrial biogenesis in response to a high-fat diet (HFD) and lipid incubation in cell culture. ...