Browsing Physiology by Title
Now showing items 12-30 of 30
-
The effect of fasting on the activation in vivo of the insulin receptor kinase.
(East Carolina University, 1990-02-01)Fasting causes insulin resistance in liver and fat, and increases insulin sensitivity in muscle. We studied the response in vitro and in vivo to insulin of the insulin receptor tyrosine kinase in muscle and liver from 72 ... -
Effects of Aerobic Capacity Phenotype on Adaptive Responses to Ischemic Stress
(East Carolina University, 2009)Ischemic disease leads to increased tissue stress by decreasing supply of nutrients adequate to meet energy demands. To maintain functionality, compensatory mechanisms for diminished vascular supply are induced by numerous ... -
Identification, cloning and functional characterization of novel beta-defensins in the rat (Rattus norvegicus)
(East Carolina University, 2006-02-04)Background beta-defensins are small cationic peptides that exhibit broad spectrum antimicrobial properties. The majority of beta-defensins identified in humans are predominantly expressed in the male reproductive tract ... -
An in vitro human muscle preparation suitable for metabolic studies. Decreased insulin stimulation of glucose transport in muscle from morbidly obese and diabetic subjects.
(East Carolina University, 1988-08)We have developed an in vitro muscle preparation suitable for metabolic studies with human muscle tissue and have investigated the effects of obesity and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) on glucose transport. ... -
The induction of antigen-specific immunological tolerance and attenuation of inflammation via cytokine antigen fusion protein therapy in a mouse model of pulmonary inflammation
(East Carolina University, 2014)Allergic asthma is a significant medical issue, affecting more than 300 million individuals and causing approximately 250,000 deaths each year. Current asthma therapies temporarily minimize discomfort and manage symptoms, ... -
Influence of carbon nanomaterial exposure on pro-constrictor mechanisms during pregnancy
(East Carolina University, 2013)Engineered carbon based nanoparticles (CNP) such as fullerenes and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are increasingly used in industries and in nanomedicine as a platform for drug delivery. Following environmental/o ... -
Inhibition by rapamycin of ornithine decarboxylase and epithelial cell proliferation in intestinal IEC-6 cells in culture
(East Carolina University, 1997-02)1 Induction of the enzyme ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) appears to be controlled primarily at the level of ODC mRNA translation. The immunosuppressant drug, rapamycin, blocked the induction of ODC in response to serum ... -
Multiple Kinase Involvement in the Regulation of Vascular Growth
(New York: InTech Open Access Publishers, 2012-06)The initial discovery of protein phosphorylation as a regulatory mechanism for the control of glycogen metabolism has led to intense interest of protein phosphorylation in regulating protein function (Cohen et al., 2001). ... -
Oral citrulline as arginine precursor may be beneficial in sickle cell disease: early phase two results.
(East Carolina University, 2001-10)L-Arginine may be a conditionally essential amino acid in children and adolescents with sickle cell disease, particularly as required substrate in the arginine-nitric oxide pathway for endogenous nitrovasodilation and ... -
Predifferentiated Embryonic Stem Cells Prevent Chronic Pain Behaviors and Restore Sensory Function Following Spinal Cord Injury in Mice
(East Carolina University, 2006)Embryonic stem (ES) cells have been investigated in repair of the CNS following neuronal injury and disease; however, the efficacy of these cells in treatment of postinjury pain is far from clear. In this study, we evaluated ... -
The role of cardiac mitochondria in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury
(East Carolina University, 2012)Cardiovascular disease (CVD) exerts economic and humanitarian costs that are unparalleled by any other disease. Of the many etiologies of CVD, myocardial infarction accounts for over 50% of the associated mortality and ... -
The role of mediators of neuronal plasticity in the circadian regulation of suprachiasmatic nucleus by light
(East Carolina University, 2009)Circadian rhythms are highly conserved physiological functions that are present in almost all living organisms. In mammals, circadian rhythms are synchronized to the environmental light:dark cycle by daily adjustments in ... -
Role of neuronal nitric oxide in the regulation of vasopressin expression and release in response to inhibition of cathecholamine synthesis and dehydration
(East Carolina University, 2007-10-22)We used neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) gene knockout mice to study the effects of catecholamines and neuronal nitric oxide on vasopressin expression in the hypothalamic neurosecretory centers. nNOS gene deletion ... -
The role of the proximal small intestine in improvements in diabetes resolution and insulin sensitivity following bariatric surgery in type 2 diabetes
(East Carolina University, 2011)Bariatric surgery is an effective, rapid, and durable treatment for obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Roux-en Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB) resolves T2DM in 80% of cases, while gastric banding (LAGB) resolves T2DM in ... -
The significance of mirna pathway in peripheral nerve regeneration following sciatic nerve injury.
(East Carolina University, 2012)microRNAs (miRNAs) are small (21-23 nucleotides) single-stranded RNAs that play important roles in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. The binding of miRNA to its specific target mRNAs at 3' UTR causes ... -
Th1 Adjuvant N-Acetyl-d-Glucosamine Polymer Up-Regulates Th1 Immunity but Down-Regulates Th2 Immunity against a Mycobacterial Protein (MPB-59) in Interleukin-10-Knockout and Wild-Type Mice
(East Carolina University, 2001-10)Treatment of mice with heat-killed (HK) Mycobacterium bovis BCG or 1- to 10-μm chitin particles (nonantigenic N-acetyl-d-glucosamine polymers) is known to induce innate immune responses, including gamma interferon (IFN-γ) ... -
Transplantation of GABAergic Neurons but not Astrocytes Induces Recovery of Sensorimotor Function in the Traumatically Injured Brain
(East Carolina University, 2007-04-16)Embryonic stem (ES) cells have been investigated in many animal models of injury and disease. However, few studies have examined the ability of pre-differentiated ES cells to improve functional outcome following traumatic ... -
Vanadium pentoxide induces pulmonary inflammation and tumor promotion in a strain-dependent manner
(East Carolina University, 2010-04-12)Background: Elevated levels of air pollution are associated with increased risk of lung cancer. Particulate matter (PM) contains transition metals that may potentiate neoplastic development through the induction of oxidative ... -
YC-1 Stimulates the Expression of Gaseous Monoxide-Generating Enzymes in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells
(East Carolina University, 2009-01)The benzylindazole derivative 3-(5′-hydroxymethyl-2′-furyl)-1-benzyl indazole (YC-1) is an allosteric stimulator of soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) that sensitizes the enzyme to the gaseous ligands carbon monoxide (CO) and ...