Bariatric surgery is an effective, rapid, and durable treatment for obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Roux-en Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB) resolves T2DM in 80% of cases, while gastric banding (LAGB) resolves T2DM in ...

Mitochondrial respiratory capacity and oxidative stress have been implicated in the development of insulin resistance (IR) and type II diabetes. A causative role of mitochondrial oxidative stress in the etiology of ...

Increasingly, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are implicated in the development of insulin resistance. To test the hypothesis that modulators of insulin sensitivity (i.e., metformin, ovarian sex steroids and exercise training) ...

The skeletal muscle of obese individuals has a reduced capacity to oxidize lipids. The hypothesis to be tested in this dissertation is that the ability to regulate lipid oxidation in response to lipid exposure is impaired ...

A high-fat diet leads to an accumulation of lipid in skeletal muscle, and the development of both mitochondrial dysfunction and insulin resistance. Recently, our lab reported that lipid overload leads to elevated ...

Energy balance is considered a fundamental requirement of life forms from single cell organisms to higher mammals such as humans. Unfortunately, our species has also discovered the detrimental metabolic responses to excess ...

Activation of the insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1 is necessary for proper transduction of the insulin signal. IRS-1 serine312(human)/307(rodent) phosphorylation, however, results in disruption of this signal and subsequent ...