Browsing Kinesiology by Issue Date
Now showing items 41-60 of 409
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Gender Differences in Aerobic and Work Capacity During Plantar Flexion Exercise
(East Carolina University, 2009)Maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) is lower in females compared to males during traditional whole body, systemic exercise. These differences in VO2max between men and women are still present even after correcting for ... -
Effect of Acute Exercise or Fasting on Mitochondrial Function and High Fat Diet-Induced Insulin Resistance
(East Carolina University, 2009)A high-fat diet leads to an accumulation of lipid in skeletal muscle, and the development of both mitochondrial dysfunction and insulin resistance. Recently, our lab reported that lipid overload leads to elevated ... -
Effect of Duodenal-Jejunal Bypass on Skeletal Muscle Insulin Signaling in Goto-Kakizaki Rats
(East Carolina University, 2009)Gastric bypass surgery (RYGBP) for the treatment of obesity has proven to clinically reverse type 2 diabetes mellitus. RYGBP involves both gastric reduction and bypass of the proximal small intestine. Duodenal-Jejunal ... -
5'-AMP-Activated Protein Kinase and Eukaryotic Elongation Factor 2 Response to Resistance Exercise in Young Versus Old Men and Women
(East Carolina University, 2009)It has been shown that skeletal muscle 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation and/or activity is more greatly elevated in response to resistance exercise or loading in aged rats, and that eukaryotic elongation ... -
Effects of Parental Obesity on Fat Metabolism During Submaximal Exercise in Children
(East Carolina University, 2009)The aim of the present study was to compare fat metabolism during submaximal exercise in children with a morbidly obese parent - (COP) (BMI [greater than or equal to] 40 kg/m²) to children with relatively lean parents - ... -
Assessing Children's Physical Activity in Their Homes: The Observational System for Recording Physical Activity in Children-Home
(East Carolina University, 2009)The present study describes the development and pilot testing of the Observation System for Recording Physical Activity in Children-Home version. This system was developed to document physical activity and related physical ... -
Increased Secretion and Expression of Myostatin in Skeletal Muscle From Extremely Obese Women
(East Carolina University, 2009-01)OBJECTIVE- Obesity is associated with endocrine abnormalities that predict the progression of insulin resistance to type 2 diabetes. Because skeletal muscle has been shown to secrete proteins that could be used as biomarkers, ... -
Social and Environmental Factors Associated with Preschoolers' Non-sedentary Physical Activity
(East Carolina University, 2009-01)The two-fold purpose of the investigation was (1) to describe with direct observation data the physical activity behaviors and the accompanying social and environmental events of those behaviors for children in preschools; ... -
Intramuscular Lipid Metabolism, Insulin Action and Obesity
(East Carolina University, 2009-01)With the increasing prevalence of obesity, research has focused on the molecular mechanism(s) linking obesity and skeletal muscle insulin resistance. Metabolic alterations within muscle, such as changes in the cellular ... -
Regulation of GLUT4 expression in denervated skeletal muscle
(East Carolina University, 2009-03)Denervation by sciatic nerve resection causes decreased muscle glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) expression, but little is known about the signaling events that cause this decrease. Experiments were designed to test the ... -
Effect of exercise intensity and volume on persistence of insulin sensitivity during training cessation
(East Carolina University, 2009-04)Effect of exercise intensity and volume on persistence of insulin sensitivity during training cessation. J Appl Physiol 106: 1079â 1085, 2009. First published February 5, 2009; doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.91262.2008. The ... -
A sex-specific relationship between capillary density and anaerobic threshold
(East Carolina University, 2009-04)Although both capillary density and peak oxygen consumption (VO2) improve with exercise training, it is difficult to find a relationship between these two measures. It has been suggested that peak VO2 may be more related ... -
Factors Related to Objectively Measured Physical Activity in Preschool Children
(East Carolina University, 2009-05)This study examined correlates of objectively measured physical activity (PA) in a diverse sample of preschool children (age 3–5 years; n=331). Accelerometer min·hr−1 of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and ... -
AMP-activated protein kinase response to contractions and treatment with the AMPK activator AICAR in young adult and old skeletal muscle
(East Carolina University, 2009-05-01)One characteristic of aging skeletal muscle is a decline in mitochondrial function. Activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)occurs in response to an increased AMP/ATP ratio,which is one potential result of ... -
The Intensive Diet and Exercise for Arthritis (IDEA) trial: design and rationale
(East Carolina University, 2009-07-28)Background: Obesity is the most modifiable risk factor, and dietary induced weight loss potentially the best nonpharmacologic intervention to prevent or to slow osteoarthritis (OA) disease progression. We are currently ... -
Measured Resting Energy Expenditure Using a Fixed Function Indirect Calorimeter in the Clinical Setting as a Predictor of Success with Weight Change in an Obese Pediatric Population
(East Carolina University, 2010)The American Dietetic Association (ADA) standard of care for obese adults utilizes indirect calorimetry for calculating caloric targets for weight loss (1). Even though rates appear to be leveling off (2), childhood obesity ... -
Skeletal Muscle Eukaryotic Elongation Factor 2 (eEF2) Response to Acute Resistance Exercise in Young and Old Men and Women : Relationship to Muscle Glycogen Content and 5'-AMP-Activated Protein Kinase (AMPK) Activity
(East Carolina University, 2010)Sarcopenia is associated with an age-related decrease in skeletal muscle mass, which can result in decreases in strength and physical functioning in the older population. Resistance training interventions are not completely ... -
Skeletal Muscle Forkhead Box 3A (FOXO3A) Response to Acute Resistance Exercise in Young and Old Men and Women : Relationship to Muscle Glycogen Content and 5'-AMP Activated Protein Kinase (AMPK) Activity
(East Carolina University, 2010)In addition to suppressing protein synthesis, 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) stimulates muscle protein degradation through forkhead box transcription factor 3A (FOXO3A), known to promote transcription of mRNAs ... -
Exercise effects on physical activity level, self-perceptions, and quality of life of sedentary children, the interaction of BMI, and the association between moderate to vigorous physical activity and psychological variables
(East Carolina University, 2010)The purposes of this study were to (a) examine the relationship of physical activity with global self-esteem (GSE), physical self-worth (PSW), physical self-perceptions, and health related quality of life (HRQOL), and to ... -
Effects of Insulin Sensitivity Modulators on the Mitochondrial Fate of Oxygen in Skeletal Muscle
(East Carolina University, 2010)Increasingly, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are implicated in the development of insulin resistance. To test the hypothesis that modulators of insulin sensitivity (i.e., metformin, ovarian sex steroids and exercise training) ...