Browsing by Author "Cortright, Ronald N."
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The Association Between Lactate and Muscle Aerobic Substrate Oxidation: Is Lactate an Early Marker for Metabolic Disease in Healthy Subjects?
Broskey, Nicholas T.; Tanner, Charles J.; Zheng, Donghai; Cortright, Ronald N.; Yang, Zhen W.; Khang, Nkaujyi; Houmard, Joseph A.; Pories, Walter J.; Jones, Terry E.; Yang, Josh; Dohm, G. Lynis (2021) -
Blood Lactate Predicts Resting Energy Expenditure in Non-Obese Caucasian Females
Yang, Zhen Wei (East Carolina University, 2019-08-01)Background: Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes are both global epidemics that continue to skyrocket. High basal plasma lactate levels, reduced oxidative capacity, and insulin resistance are co-morbidities with these metabolic ... -
Effects of Insulin Sensitivity Modulators on the Mitochondrial Fate of Oxygen in Skeletal Muscle
Kane, Daniel A. (East Carolina University, 2010)Increasingly, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are implicated in the development of insulin resistance. To test the hypothesis that modulators of insulin sensitivity (i.e., metformin, ovarian sex steroids and exercise training) ... -
Mechanism for Improved Insulin Sensitivity after Gastric Bypass Surgery
Bikman, Benjamin Thomas; Zheng, Donghai; Pories, Walter J.; Chapman, William H. H.; Pender, John R.; Bowden, Rita C.; Reed, Melissa A.; Cortright, Ronald N.; Tapscott, Edward B.; Houmard, Joseph A.; Tanner, Charles J.; Lee, Jihyun; Dohm, G. Lynis (East Carolina University, 2008-12)Context: Surgical treatments of obesity have been shown to induce rapid and prolonged improvements in insulin sensitivity. Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of gastric bypass surgery and the ... -
Metformin Improves Insulin Signaling in Obese Rats via Reduced IKK Action in a Fiber-Type Specific Manner
Bikman, Benjamin Thomas; Zheng, Donghai; Kane, Daniel A.; Anderson, Ethan; Woodlief, Tracey L.; Price, Jesse W.; Dohm, G. Lynis; Neufer, P. Darrell; Cortright, Ronald N. (2010)Metformin is a widely used insulin-sensitizing drug, though its mechanisms are not fully understood. Metformin has been shown to activate AMPK in skeletal muscle; however, its effects on the inhibitor of κB kinaseβ (IKKβ) ... -
Mitochondrial H₂O₂ emission and cellular redox state link excess fat intake to insulin resistance in both rodents and humans
Anderson, Ethan; Lustig, Mary E.; Boyle, Kristen E.; Woodlief, Tracey L.; Kane, Daniel A.; Lin, Chien-Te; Price, Jesse W. III; Kang, Li; Rabinovitch, Peter S.; Szeto, Hazel H.; Houmard, Joseph A.; Cortright, Ronald N.; Wasserman, David H.; Neufer, P. Darrell (2009-03)High dietary fat intake leads to insulin resistance in skeletal muscle, and this represents a major risk factor for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress have been ... -
Mitochondrial Oxidative Capacity In Human Skeletal Muscle: Association with Plasma Lactate Concentration
Cook, Jessica (East Carolina University, 2018-07-11)ABSTRACT Background: Metabolic disease is a growing concern for public health. Obesity and Type II Diabetes are an epidemic and a phenotype for insulin resistance in human skeletal muscle. A reduced mitochondrial function ... -
Overexpression of Long-Chain Acyl-CoA Synthetase 5 Increases Fatty Acid Oxidation and Free Radical Formation While Attenuating Insulin Signaling in Primary Human Skeletal Myotubes
Kwak, Hyo-Bum; Woodlief, Tracey L.; Green, Thomas D.; Cox, Julie H.; Hickner, Robert C.; Neufer, P. Darrell; Cortright, Ronald N. (2019-03-31)In rodent skeletal muscle, acyl-coenzyme A (CoA) synthetase 5 (ACSL-5) is suggested to localize to the mitochondria but its precise function in human skeletal muscle is unknown. The purpose of these studies was to define ... -
Peroxisomal enhancement of mitochondrial function
Woodlief, Tracey L. -
Peroxisomal gene and protein expression increase in response to a high-lipid challenge in human skeletal muscle
Huang, Tai-Yu; Zheng, Donghai; Hickner, Robert C.; Brault, Jeffrey J.; Cortright, Ronald N. (2020-04-21)Peroxisomes are essential for lipid metabolism and disruption of liver peroxisomal function results in neonatal death. Little is known about how peroxisomal content and activity respond to changes in the lipid environment ... -
Peroxisomal-Mitochondrial Metabolic Interactions in Lipid Metabolism in Human Skeletal Muscle
Huang, Tai-Yu (East Carolina University, 2016-11-16)Peroxisomal activity and associated functions, including [beta]-oxidation contributions toward maintaining cellular lipid homeostasis, is poorly defined in extra hepatic tissues, most especially in human skeletal muscle ... -
THE ROLE OF LONG-CHAIN ACYL-COENZYME A SYNTHETASE 1 (ACSL-1) IN LIPID METABOLISM IN HUMAN SKELETAL MUSCLE PRIMARY MYOTUBES.
Ellis, Rocío Jazmin (East Carolina University, 2011)Obesity is considered a major health threat to the U.S. due to being a strong risk factor for developing type 2 diabetes and other metabolic diseases. The prevalence and severity of obesity is even greater among some ... -
SKELETAL MUSCLE LIPID PARTITIONING : CONSEQUENCES OF ALTERATIONS IN ACYL-COA SYNTHETASE-5 AND DIGLYCERIDE ACYLTRANFERASE-1 EXPRESSION
Woodlief, Tracey L. (East Carolina University, 2011)An oversupply of fatty acids and inadequacies in their partitioning toward oxidation and/or storage will lead to disruptions in cellular homeostasis. Reductions in mitochondrial content and lower rates of fatty acid ... -
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LACTATE, MITOCHONDRIA, AND PEROXISOMES IN HUMAN SKELETAL MUSCLE
Dunbar, Keith Winston (East Carolina University, 2018-05-03)Human metabolism is a complex mechanism involving many interdependent parts. The purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship or lack thereof between lactate, mitochondria, and peroxisomes in human skeletal muscle. ...