Browsing by Subject "Mitochondria"
Now showing items 1-20 of 35
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AMP Deaminase 3 overexpression regulates cellular energetics and signaling for PGC-1α activation.
(East Carolina University, 2017-06-02)Skeletal muscles undergoing atrophy have decreased [ATP], PGC-1[alpha] expression, and mitochondrial content. This combination of findings is unexpected because decreased [ATP] is often associated with greater [AMP] and ... -
Arthropod Phylogenetics in Light of Three Novel Millipede (Myriapoda: Diplopoda) Mitochondrial Genomes with Comments on the Appropriateness of Mitochondrial Genome Sequence Data for Inferring Deep Level Relationships
(2013)Background Arthropods are the most diverse group of eukaryotic organisms, but their phylogenetic relationships are poorly understood. Herein, we describe three mitochondrial genomes representing orders of millipedes for ... -
Cardiac and Mitochondrial Adaptations in Response to Aging and Doxorubicin in Rats Bred for Divergent Aerobic Capacities
(East Carolina University, 2012)Doxorubicin (DOX) remains as one of the most widely prescribed and effective anticancer agents. A major limitation of the therapeutic effectiveness of the drug is the occurrence of irreversible, progressive, dose-dependent ... -
Cardioprotective mechanisms targeting thiol redox homeostasis and mitochondrial bioenergetics
(East Carolina University, 2016-05-03)Coronary heart disease is a leading cause of death in the United States, totaled mostly by deaths associated with myocardial infarction and fatal ventricular arrhythmias. The inability to predict the occurrence of these ... -
Comparison of Mitochondrial Phenotypes Across Cancers with Different Tissues of Origin
(East Carolina University, 2021-12-06)Cancer metabolism is typically characterized by aerobic glycolysis, an increase in glucose uptake and lactate production despite adequate sufficient oxygen availability to support mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation ... -
Deciphering the impact of fructose metabolism on liver mitochondrial bioenergetics
(East Carolina University, 2021-12-07)Since its discovery in 1980, the interest in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, the liver manifestation of metabolic syndrome, has expanded due to the growing impact on the world's health. Commonly characterized by ... -
Did an ancient chlamydial endosymbiosis facilitate the establishment of primary plastids?
(East Carolina University, 2007-06)Background: Ancient endosymbioses are responsible for the origins of mitochondria and plastids, and they contribute to the divergence of several major eukaryotic groups. Although chlamydiae, a group of obligate intracellular ... -
Digits Lost or Gained? Evidence for Pedal Evolution in the Dwarf Salamander Complex ( Plethodontidae)
(2012)Change in digit number, particularly digit loss, has occurred repeatedly over the evolutionary history of tetrapods. Although digit loss has been documented among distantly related species of salamanders, it is relatively ... -
Discovery and investigation of a novel role for mitochondrial prohibitin in mitigating acute heart failure in endotoxic shock
(East Carolina University, 2014)Sepsis results in more than 200,000 deaths annually and is the 10th leading cause of death in the United States (US). In spite of significant advances in medical care the mortality rate for sepsis has continued to rise. ... -
DISCRIMINATING BETWEEN CARDIOLIPIN CONCENTRATION AND ACYL CHAIN COMPOSITION ON MEMBRANE BIOPHYSICAL ORGANIZATION
(East Carolina University, 2018-11-28)The pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) is driven, in part, from impairment in myocardial energy metabolism. There is convincing evidence that myocardial metabolic abnormalities are fundamentally driven by ... -
Disruption of mitochondrial fitness in human preadipocytes by fatty acids
(East Carolina University, 2013)Adipose tissue lies at the core of energy metabolism, by not only releasing and taking up fatty acids (FA) according to the individuals overall surplus or deficit of energy, but also signaling other tissues to regulate ... -
Effect of Acute Exercise or Fasting on Mitochondrial Function and High Fat Diet-Induced Insulin Resistance
(East Carolina University, 2009)A high-fat diet leads to an accumulation of lipid in skeletal muscle, and the development of both mitochondrial dysfunction and insulin resistance. Recently, our lab reported that lipid overload leads to elevated ... -
THE EFFECT OF CHANGES IN SODIUM CONCENTRATIONS ON MITOCHONDRIA
(2015-05-01)Atherosclerosis, hardening of the arteries, is the major cause of stroke, peripheral artery disease and heart attack. . Overproduction of superoxide anions in mitochondria can give rise to atherosclerosis. Superoxide anions ... -
The effects of statins on mitochondrial function
(East Carolina University, 2013)Statins, or 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors, are among the most commonly prescribed medications in the United States. They are commonly used to treat hypercholesterolemia, a condition ... -
ESTABLISHMENT OF THE PYRUVATE DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX AS A CENTRAL REGULATOR OF MITOCHONDRIAL REDOX WITHIN SKELETAL MUSCLE
(East Carolina University, 2013)Once regarded as "byproducts" of aerobic metabolism, the production of superoxide/H₂O₂ is now understood to be a highly specialized and extensively regulated process responsible for exerting control over a vast number of ... -
EXPLORING DIFFERENCES IN INDIVIDUAL SUSCEPTIBILITY TO LIPOTOXICITY AND THE UNDERLYING MECHANISMS IN THE MITOCHONDRIA OF PRIMARY PREADIPOCYTES
(East Carolina University, 2018-07-17)Prolonged exposure to fatty acids (FAs), at levels normally seen during fasting, can be cytotoxic in vulnerable cells including preadipocytes. Prior work from our laboratory has shown that FAs cause mitochondrial inner ... -
High Levels of Diversity Uncovered in a Widespread Nominal Taxon: Continental Phylogeography of the Neotropical Tree Frog
(2014)Species distributed across vast continental areas and across major biomes provide unique model systems for studies of biotic diversification, yet also constitute daunting financial, logistic and political challenges for ... -
HIGHER-LEVEL SYSTEMATICS OF THE MILLIPEDES (ARTHROPODA: MYRIAPODA: DIPLOPODA) EVALUATED USING TRANSCRIPTOMIC DATA, MITOCHONDRIAL GENOMICS, AND CLASSIFICATION ANALYSES
(East Carolina University, 2012)Knowledge of deep level phylogenetic relationships within and between many animal groups is currently lacking. Past attempts to reconstruct these ancient evolutionary relationships once relied chiefly on morphological ... -
IMPACT OF STATIN THERAPY ON CARDIORESPIRATORY FITNESS (VO2PEAK)
(East Carolina University, 2021-05-28)As the third most common prescription in the US, statins are the primary prescription for patients with hyperlipidemia, cardiovascular disease, and metabolic disorders. In addition to its primary use, the American College ... -
The Influence of Energy Expenditure on Mitochondrial Functions, Oxidative Stress and Insulin Resistance under Metabolic Oversupply Conditions
(East Carolina University, 2011)Mitochondrial respiratory capacity and oxidative stress have been implicated in the development of insulin resistance (IR) and type II diabetes. A causative role of mitochondrial oxidative stress in the etiology of ...