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The Influence of Energy Expenditure on Mitochondrial Functions, Oxidative Stress and Insulin Resistance under Metabolic Oversupply Conditions
(East Carolina University, 2011)
Mitochondrial respiratory capacity and oxidative stress have been implicated in the development of insulin resistance (IR) and type II diabetes. A causative role of mitochondrial oxidative stress in the etiology of ...
Effects of Insulin Sensitivity Modulators on the Mitochondrial Fate of Oxygen in Skeletal Muscle
(East Carolina University, 2010)
Increasingly, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are implicated in the development of insulin resistance. To test the hypothesis that modulators of insulin sensitivity (i.e., metformin, ovarian sex steroids and exercise training) ...
Metabolic Inflexibility in Skeletal Muscle With Obesity
(East Carolina University, 2009)
The skeletal muscle of obese individuals has a reduced capacity to oxidize lipids. The hypothesis to be tested in this dissertation is that the ability to regulate lipid oxidation in response to lipid exposure is impaired ...
Effect of Acute Exercise or Fasting on Mitochondrial Function and High Fat Diet-Induced Insulin Resistance
(East Carolina University, 2009)
A high-fat diet leads to an accumulation of lipid in skeletal muscle, and the development of both mitochondrial dysfunction and insulin resistance. Recently, our lab reported that lipid overload leads to elevated ...
A single dose of metformin improves whole body insulin sensitivity and alters cellular redox state in skeletal muscle of Zucker fa/fa rats
(East Carolina University, 2010)
Energy balance is considered a fundamental requirement of life forms from single cell organisms to higher mammals such as humans. Unfortunately, our species has also discovered the detrimental metabolic responses to excess ...
Modulation of IKKβ with AMPK Improves Insulin Sensitivity in Skeletal Muscle
(East Carolina University, 2008-11)
Activation of the insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1 is necessary for proper transduction of the insulin signal. IRS-1 serine312(human)/307(rodent) phosphorylation, however, results in disruption of this signal and subsequent ...
EFFECT OF MENTOR-LED VIGOROUS AEROBIC EXERCISE PROGRAM ON BODY COMPOSITION, PEAK VO₂, AND INSULIN SENSITIVITY IN OVERWEIGHT AND OBESE ADOLESCENTS
(East Carolina University, 2014)
In the past few decades obesity rates in the US have reached epidemic proportions in both adults and children. Nearly one-third of American adults are obese, and since 1980, the obesity rates for children 6-11 years and ...
Deletion of LPCAT3 Promotes Enhanced Insulin Signaling in Skeletal Muscle
(East Carolina University, 2015-12-15)
Aberrant lipid metabolism has been linked to skeletal muscle insulin resistance. The exact identity of the lipid species that promote skeletal muscle insulin resistance among the human population remains unclear. In this ...
Effect of Exercise Training on Metabolic Syndrome z-score : the Association of C- reactive protein
(East Carolina University, 2015-06-25)
PURPOSE: Previous studies have shown that metabolic syndrome z-score (MetSynZ) is improved with exercise training. Metabolic syndrome is based upon insulin resistance, such that it would be expected for insulin resistance ...
Unravelling the mechanisms of menopause-induced insulin resistance: novel roles for estradiol in skeletal muscle mitochondrial function
(East Carolina University, 2016-11-16)
Menopause results in a progressive decline in ovarian production of 17[beta]-estradiol (E2), increased adiposity and a higher risk for type-2 diabetes, but hormone replacement therapies containing E2 reverse most of these ...