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    Are algal genes in nonphotosynthetic protists evidence of historical plastid endosymbioses?

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    Author
    Stiller, John W.; Huang, Jinling; Ding, Qin; Tian, Jing; Goodwillie, Carol
    Abstract
    Background: How photosynthetic organelles, or plastids, were acquired by diverse eukaryotes is among the most hotly debated topics in broad scale eukaryotic evolution. The history of plastid endosymbioses commonly is interpreted under the "chromalveolate" hypothesis, which requires numerous plastid losses from certain heterotrophic groups that now are entirely aplastidic. In this context, discoveries of putatively algal genes in plastid-lacking protists have been cited as evidence of gene transfer from a photosynthetic endosymbiont that subsequently was lost completely. Here we examine this evidence, as it pertains to the chromalveolate hypothesis, through genome-level statistical analyses of similarity scores from queries with two diatoms, Phaeodactylum tricornutum and Thalassiosira pseudonana, and two aplastidic sister taxa, Phytophthora ramorum and P. sojae. Results: Contingency tests of specific predictions of the chromalveolate model find no evidence for an unusual red algal contribution to Phytophthora genomes, nor that putative cyanobacterial sequences that are present entered these genomes through a red algal endosymbiosis. Examination of genes unrelated to plastid function provide extraordinarily significant support for both of these predictions in diatoms, the control group where a red endosymbiosis is known to have occurred, but none of that support is present in genes specifically conserved between diatoms and oomycetes. In addition, we uncovered a strong association between overall sequence similarities among taxa and relative sizes of genomic data sets in numbers of genes. Conclusion: Signal from "algal" genes in oomycete genomes is inconsistent with the chromalveolate hypothesis, and better explained by alternative models of sequence and genome evolution. Combined with the numerous sources of intragenomic phylogenetic conflict characterized previously, our results underscore the potential to be mislead by a posteriori interpretations of variable phylogenetic signals contained in complex genome-level data. They argue strongly for explicit testing of the different a priori assumptions inherent in competing evolutionary hypotheses. Originally published BMC Genomics, Vol. 10, No. 484, Oct 2009
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3121
    Subject
     Plastids; Eukaryotic evolution; Algal genes; Chromalveolate hypothesis 
    Date
    2009
    Citation:
    APA:
    Stiller, John W., & Huang, Jinling, & Ding, Qin, & Tian, Jing, & Goodwillie, Carol. (January 2009). Are algal genes in nonphotosynthetic protists evidence of historical plastid endosymbioses?. BMC Genomics, 10(484), 1- 16. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3121

    Display/Hide MLA, Chicago and APA citation formats.

    MLA:
    Stiller, John W., and Huang, Jinling, and Ding, Qin, and Tian, Jing, and Goodwillie, Carol. "Are algal genes in nonphotosynthetic protists evidence of historical plastid endosymbioses?". BMC Genomics. 10:484. (1-16), January 2009. September 26, 2023. http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3121.
    Chicago:
    Stiller, John W. and Huang, Jinling and Ding, Qin and Tian, Jing and Goodwillie, Carol, "Are algal genes in nonphotosynthetic protists evidence of historical plastid endosymbioses?," BMC Genomics 10, no. 484 (January 2009), http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3121 (accessed September 26, 2023).
    AMA:
    Stiller, John W., Huang, Jinling, Ding, Qin, Tian, Jing, Goodwillie, Carol. Are algal genes in nonphotosynthetic protists evidence of historical plastid endosymbioses?. BMC Genomics. January 2009; 10(484): 1-16. http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3121. Accessed September 26, 2023.
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