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    Descriptive Epidemiology of Collegiate Men's Football Injuries: National Collegiate Athletic Association Injury Surveillance System, 1988-1989 Through 2003-2004

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    Author
    Dick, Randall; Ferrara, Michael S.; Agel, Julie; Courson, Ron; Marshall, Stephen W.; Hanley, Michael J.; Reifsteck, Fred
    Abstract
    Objective: To review 16 years of National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) injury surveillance data for men’s football and identify potential areas for injury prevention initiatives. Background: Football is a high-velocity collision sport in which injuries are expected. Football tends to have one of the highest injury rates in sports. Epidemiologic data helps certified athletic trainers and other clinicians identify injury trends and patterns to appropriately design and institute injury prevention protocols and then measure their effects. Main Results: During the 16-year reporting period, about 19% of the Division I, II, and III NCAA institutions sponsoring football participated in the Injury Surveillance System. The results from the 16-year study period show little variation in the injury rates over time: games averaged 36 injuries per 1000 athlete-exposures (A-Es); fall practice, approximately 4 injuries per 1000 A-Es; and spring practice, about 10 injuries per 1000 A-Es. The game injury rate was more than 9 times higher than the in-season practice injury rate (35.90 versus 3.80 injuries per 1000 A-Es, rate ratio = 9.1, 95% confidence interval = 9.0, 9.2), and the spring practice injury rate was more than 2 times higher than the fall practice injury rate (9.62 versus 3.80 injuries per 1000 A-Es, rate ratio = 2.5, 95% confidence interval = 2.5, 2.6). The rate ratio for games versus fall practices was greatest for upper leg contusions (18.1 per 1000 A-Es), acromioclavicular joint sprains (14.0 per 1000 A-Es), knee internal derangements (13.4 per 1000 A-Es), ankle ligament sprains (12.0 per 1000 A-Es), and concussions (11.1 per 1000 A-Es). Recommendations: Football is a complex sport that requires a range of skills performed by athletes with a wide variety of body shapes and types. Injury risks are greatest during games. Thus, injury prevention measures should focus on position-specific activities to reduce the injury rate. As equipment technology improves for the helmet, shoulder pads, and other protective devices, appropriate injury surveillance procedures should be performed to determine the effect of the new equipment on injury rates. A consistent evaluation of injury trends and patterns will assist decision makers in designing injury prevention techniques in areas that warrant the greatest attention and suggesting rule changes and modifications based on the data. Originaly published Journal of Athletic Training, Vol. 42, No. 2, Apr 2007
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3257
    Subject
     Athletic injuries; Injury prevention; Concussions; Knee injuries; Ankle injuries; Heat illness 
    Date
    2007-04
    Citation:
    APA:
    Dick, Randall, & Ferrara, Michael S., & Agel, Julie, & Courson, Ron, & Marshall, Stephen W., & Hanley, Michael J., & Reifsteck, Fred. (April 2007). Descriptive Epidemiology of Collegiate Men's Football Injuries: National Collegiate Athletic Association Injury Surveillance System, 1988-1989 Through 2003-2004. Journal of Athletic Training, (42:2), p.221-233. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3257

    Display/Hide MLA, Chicago and APA citation formats.

    MLA:
    Dick, Randall, and Ferrara, Michael S., and Agel, Julie, and Courson, Ron, and Marshall, Stephen W., and Hanley, Michael J., and Reifsteck, Fred. "Descriptive Epidemiology of Collegiate Men's Football Injuries: National Collegiate Athletic Association Injury Surveillance System, 1988-1989 Through 2003-2004". Journal of Athletic Training. 42:2. (221-233.), April 2007. August 18, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3257.
    Chicago:
    Dick, Randall and Ferrara, Michael S. and Agel, Julie and Courson, Ron and Marshall, Stephen W. and Hanley, Michael J. and Reifsteck, Fred, "Descriptive Epidemiology of Collegiate Men's Football Injuries: National Collegiate Athletic Association Injury Surveillance System, 1988-1989 Through 2003-2004," Journal of Athletic Training 42, no. 2 (April 2007), http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3257 (accessed August 18, 2022).
    AMA:
    Dick, Randall, Ferrara, Michael S., Agel, Julie, Courson, Ron, Marshall, Stephen W., Hanley, Michael J., Reifsteck, Fred. Descriptive Epidemiology of Collegiate Men's Football Injuries: National Collegiate Athletic Association Injury Surveillance System, 1988-1989 Through 2003-2004. Journal of Athletic Training. April 2007; 42(2) 221-233. http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3257. Accessed August 18, 2022.
    Collections
    • Health Education and Promotion
    Publisher
    East Carolina University

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