Exposure to Concentrated Coarse Air Pollution Particles Causes Mild Cardiopulmonary Effects in Healthy Young Adults
Author
Graff, Donald W.; Cascio, Wayne E.; Rappold, Ana; Zhou, Haibo; Huang, Yuh-Chin T.; Devlin, Robert B.
Abstract
Background: There is ample epidemiologic and toxicologic evidence that exposure to fine particulate matter (PM) air pollution [aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 μm (PM2.5)], which derives primarily from combustion processes, can result in increased mortality and morbidity. There is ess certainty as to the contribution of coarse PM (PM2.5–10), which erives from crustal materials and from mechanical processes, to mortality and morbidity. Objective: To determine whether coarse PM causes cardiopulmonary effects, we exposed 14 healthy young volunteers to coarse concentrated ambient particles (CAPs) and filtered air. Coarse PM concentration averaged 89.0 μg/m3 (range, 23.7–159.6 μg/m3). Volunteers were exposed to coarse CAPs and filtered air for 2 hr while they underwent intermittent exercise in a single-blind, crossover study. We measured pulmonary, cardiac, and hematologic end points before exposure, immediately after exposure, and again 20 hr after exposure.
Results: Compared with filtered air exposure, coarse CAP exposure produced a small increase in polymorphonuclear neutrophils in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid 20 hr postexposure, indicating mild pulmonary inflammation. We observed no changes in pulmonary function. Blood tissue plasminogen activator, which is involved in fibrinolysis, was decreased 20 hr after exposure. The standard deviation of normal-to-normal intervals (SDNN), a measure of overall heart rate variability, also decreased 20 hr after exposure to CAPs.
Conclusions: Coarse CAP exposure produces a mild physiologic response in healthy young volunteers approximately 20 hr postexposure. These changes are similar in scope and magnitude to changes we and others have previously reported for volunteers exposed to fine CAPs, suggesting that both size fractions are comparable at inducing cardiopulmonary changes in acute exposure settings. Originally published Environmental Health Perspectives, Vol. 117, No. 7, July 2009
Date
2009-07
Citation:
APA:
Graff, Donald W., & Cascio, Wayne E., & Rappold, Ana, & Zhou, Haibo, & Huang, Yuh-Chin T., & Devlin, Robert B.. (July 2009).
Exposure to Concentrated Coarse Air Pollution Particles Causes Mild Cardiopulmonary Effects in Healthy Young Adults.
Environmental Health Perspectives,
117(7),
1089-
1094. Retrieved from
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3285
MLA:
Graff, Donald W., and Cascio, Wayne E., and Rappold, Ana, and Zhou, Haibo, and Huang, Yuh-Chin T., and Devlin, Robert B..
"Exposure to Concentrated Coarse Air Pollution Particles Causes Mild Cardiopulmonary Effects in Healthy Young Adults". Environmental Health Perspectives.
117:7. (1089-1094),
July 2009.
December 01, 2023.
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3285.
Chicago:
Graff, Donald W. and Cascio, Wayne E. and Rappold, Ana and Zhou, Haibo and Huang, Yuh-Chin T. and Devlin, Robert B.,
"Exposure to Concentrated Coarse Air Pollution Particles Causes Mild Cardiopulmonary Effects in Healthy Young Adults," Environmental Health Perspectives 117, no.
7 (July 2009),
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3285 (accessed
December 01, 2023).
AMA:
Graff, Donald W., Cascio, Wayne E., Rappold, Ana, Zhou, Haibo, Huang, Yuh-Chin T., Devlin, Robert B..
Exposure to Concentrated Coarse Air Pollution Particles Causes Mild Cardiopulmonary Effects in Healthy Young Adults. Environmental Health Perspectives.
July 2009;
117(7):
1089-1094.
http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3285. Accessed
December 01, 2023.
Collections
Publisher
East Carolina University