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    Novel role for thioredoxin reductase-2 in mitochondrial redox adaptations to obesogenic diet and exercise in heart and skeletal muscle

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    Author
    Fisher-Wellman, Kelsey H.; Mattox, Taylor A.; Thayne, Kathleen; Katunga, Lalage Adalaide; La Favor, Justin D.; Neufer, P. Darrell; Hickner, Robert C.; Wingard, Christopher J.; Anderson, Ethan J.
    Abstract
    Increased fatty acid availability and oxidative stress are physiological consequences of exercise (Ex) and a high-fat, high-sugar (HFHS) diet. Despite these similarities, the global effects of Ex are beneficial, whereas HFHS diets are largely deleterious to the cardiovascular system. The reasons for this disparity are multifactorial and incompletely understood. We hypothesized that differences in redox adaptations following HFHS diet in comparison to exercise may underlie this disparity, particularly in mitochondria. Our objective in this study was to determine mechanisms by which heart and skeletal muscle (red gastrocnemius, RG) mitochondria experience differential redox adaptations to 12 weeks of HFHS diet and/or exercise training (Ex) in rats. Surprisingly, both HFHS feeding and Ex led to contrasting effects in heart and RG, in that mitochondrial H2O2 decreased in heart but increased in RG following both HFHS diet and Ex, in comparison to sedentary animals fed a control diet. These differences were determined to be due largely to increased antioxidant/anti-inflammatory enzymes in the heart following the HFHS diet, which did not occur in RG. Specifically, upregulation of mitochondrial thioredoxin reductase-2 occurred with both HFHS and Ex in the heart, but only with Ex in RG, and systematic evaluation of this enzyme revealed that it is critical for suppressing mitochondrial H2O2 during fatty acid oxidation. These findings are novel and important in that they illustrate the unique ability of the heart to adapt to oxidative stress imposed by HFHS diet, in part through upregulation of thioredoxin reductase-2. Furthermore, upregulation of thioredoxin reductase-2 plays a critical role in preserving the mitochondrial redox status in the heart and skeletal muscle with exercise.
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10342/6096
    Subject
     Fatty acids; Dietary fats; High-fat diet; Heart; Oxidation-reduction; Mitochondria 
    Date
    2013
    Citation:
    APA:
    Fisher-Wellman, Kelsey H., & Mattox, Taylor A., & Thayne, Kathleen, & Katunga, Lalage Adalaide, & La Favor, Justin D., & Neufer, P. Darrell, & Hickner, Robert C., & Wingard, Christopher J., & Anderson, Ethan J.. (January 2013). Novel role for thioredoxin reductase-2 in mitochondrial redox adaptations to obesogenic diet and exercise in heart and skeletal muscle. Journal of Physiology, (591:14), p.3471-3486. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10342/6096

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    MLA:
    Fisher-Wellman, Kelsey H., and Mattox, Taylor A., and Thayne, Kathleen, and Katunga, Lalage Adalaide, and La Favor, Justin D., and Neufer, P. Darrell, and Hickner, Robert C., and Wingard, Christopher J., and Anderson, Ethan J.. "Novel role for thioredoxin reductase-2 in mitochondrial redox adaptations to obesogenic diet and exercise in heart and skeletal muscle". Journal of Physiology. 591:14. (3471-3486.), January 2013. March 07, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10342/6096.
    Chicago:
    Fisher-Wellman, Kelsey H. and Mattox, Taylor A. and Thayne, Kathleen and Katunga, Lalage Adalaide and La Favor, Justin D. and Neufer, P. Darrell and Hickner, Robert C. and Wingard, Christopher J. and Anderson, Ethan J., "Novel role for thioredoxin reductase-2 in mitochondrial redox adaptations to obesogenic diet and exercise in heart and skeletal muscle," Journal of Physiology 591, no. 14 (January 2013), http://hdl.handle.net/10342/6096 (accessed March 07, 2021).
    AMA:
    Fisher-Wellman, Kelsey H., Mattox, Taylor A., Thayne, Kathleen, Katunga, Lalage Adalaide, La Favor, Justin D., Neufer, P. Darrell, Hickner, Robert C., Wingard, Christopher J., Anderson, Ethan J.. Novel role for thioredoxin reductase-2 in mitochondrial redox adaptations to obesogenic diet and exercise in heart and skeletal muscle. Journal of Physiology. January 2013; 591(14) 3471-3486. http://hdl.handle.net/10342/6096. Accessed March 07, 2021.
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