Browsing Brody School of Medicine by Author "Efird, Jimmy T."
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Animal Viruses, Bacteria, and Cancer: A Brief Commentary
Efird, Jimmy T.; Davies, Stephen W.; O'Neal, Wesley T.; Anderson, Ethan (2014-02)Animal viruses and bacteria are ubiquitous in the environment. However, little is known about their mode of transmission and etiologic role in human cancers, especially among high-risk groups (e.g., farmers, veterinarians, ... -
The Association between Trust in Health Care Providers and Medication Adherence among Black Women with Hypertension
Abel, Willie M.; Efird, Jimmy T. (2013-09)Background: Black women have the highest prevalence of hypertension in the world. Reasons for this disparity are poorly understood. The historical legacy of medical maltreatment of Blacks in the U.S. provides some insight ... -
Blocked Randomization with Randomly Selected Block Sizes
Efird, Jimmy T. (2011-01)When planning a randomized clinical trial, careful consideration must be given to how participants are selected for various arms of a study. Selection and accidental bias may occur when participants are not assigned to ... -
The Combined Influence of Oral Contraceptives and Human Papillomavirus Virus on Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Efird, Jimmy T.; Toland, Amanda E.; Lea, C. Suzanne; Phillips, Christopher J. (2011-03)The vast majority of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) will occur in those with fair complexion, tendency to burn, and high ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure. Organ transplant recipients also are an important ... -
Discharge β-Blocker Use and Race after Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting
O'Neal, Wesley T.; Efird, Jimmy T.; Davies, Stephen W.; O'Neal, Jason B.; Griffin, William F.; Ferguson, T. Bruce; Chitwood, W. Randolph; Kypson, Alan P. (2014-04)Introduction: The use of discharge β-blockers after cardiac surgery is associated with a long-term mortality benefit. β-Blockers have been suggested to be less effective in black cardiovascular patients compared with whites. ... -
The Effect of Race and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease on Long-Term Survival after Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting
Efird, Jimmy T.; O'Neal, Wesley T.; Anderson, Curtis A.; O'Neal, Jason B.; Kindell, Linda C.; Ferguson, T. Bruce; Chitwood, W. Randolph; Kypson, Alan P. (2013-04)Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a known predictor of decreased long-term survival after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Differences in survival by race have not been examined. Methods: ... -
Increased Coronary Artery Disease Severity in Black Women Undergoing Coronary Bypass Surgery
Efird, Jimmy T.; O'Neal, Wesley T.; Griffin, William F.; Anderson, Ethan; Davies, Stephen W.; Landrine, Hope; O'Neal, Jason B.; Shiue, Kristin Y.; Kindell, Linda C.; Bruce Ferguson, T.; Randolph Chitwood, W.; Kypson, Alan P. (2015-02)Race and sex disparities are believed to play an important role in heart disease. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between race, sex, and number of diseased vessels at the time of coronary artery ... -
Increased Long-Term Mortality among Black CABG Patients Receiving Preoperative Inotropic Agents
Efird, Jimmy T.; Griffin, William F.; Sarpong, Daniel F.; Davies, Stephen W.; Vann, Iulia; Koutlas, Nathaniel T.; Anderson, Ethan; Crane, Patricia B.; Landrine, Hope; Kindell, Linda C.; Iqbal, Zahra J.; Ferguson, T. Bruce; Chitwood, W. Randolph; Kypson, Alan P. (2015-07)The aim of this study was to examine racial differences in long-term mortality after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), stratified by preoperative use of inotropic agents. Black and white patients who required ... -
Informational Odds Ratio: A Useful Measure of Epidemiologic Association in Environment Exposure Studies
Efird, Jimmy T.; Lea, C. Suzanne; Toland, Amanda; Phillips, Christopher J. (2012)The informational odds ratio (IOR) measures the post-exposure odds divided by the pre-exposure odds (ie, information gained after knowing exposure status). A desirable property of an adjusted ratio estimate is collapsibility ... -
Long-Term Mortality of 306,868 Patients with Multi-Vessel Coronary Artery Disease: CABG versus PCI
Efird, Jimmy T.; O'Neal, Wesley T.; Davies, Stephen W.; Kennedy, Whitney L.; Alger, Lada N.; O'Neal, Jason B.; Ferguson, T. Bruce; Kypson, Alan P. (2013-08)Background Several randomized controlled trials (RCT) have reported no difference in long-term mortality between coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The purpose of this ... -
Mapping the Future—Merging the Old with the New Across Disciplines
Efird, Jimmy T. (2012) -
Monoamine Oxidase is a Major Determinant of Redox Balance in Human Atrial Myocardium and is Associated With Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation
Anderson, Ethan; Efird, Jimmy T.; Davies, Stephen W.; O'Neal, Wesley T.; Darden, Timothy M.; Thayne, Kathleen A.; Katunga, Lalage Adalaide; Kindell, Linda C.; Ferguson, T. Bruce; Anderson, Curtis A.; Chitwood, W. Randolph; Koutlas, Theodore C.; Williams, J. Mark; Rodriguez, Evelio; Kypson, Alan P. (2014-02)BACKGROUND: Onset of postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is a common and costly complication of heart surgery despite major improvements in surgical technique and quality of patient care. The etiology of POAF, and ... -
Obesity in a model of haploinsufficiency uncovers a causal role for lipid-derived aldehydes in human metabolic disease and cardiomyopathy
Katunga, Lalage Adalaide; Gudimella, Preeti; Efird, Jimmy T.; Abernathy, Scott; Mattox, Taylor A.; Beatty, Cherese; Darden, Timothy M.; Thayne, Kathleen A.; Alwair, Hazaim; Kypson, Alan P.; Virag, Jitka A. I.; Anderson, Ethan (2015-04)Lipid peroxides and their reactive aldehyde derivatives (LPPs) have been linked to obesity-related pathologies, but whether they have a causal role has remained unclear. Glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPx4) is a selenoenzyme ... -
Peripheral Arterial Disease and Risk of Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke: The Multi�Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
O'Neal, Wesley T.; Efird, Jimmy T.; Nazarian, Saman; Alonso, Alvaro; Heckbert, Susan R.; Soliman, Elsayed Z. (2014-12)Background Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) shares several risk factors with atrial fibrillation (AF), and persons with PAD have an increased risk of stroke. It is unclear if PAD is associated with an increased risk for ... -
Potential for Improved Glycemic Control with Dietary in Patients with Insulin Resistance and Pre-Diabetes
Efird, Jimmy T.; Choi, Yuk Ming; Davies, Stephen W.; Mehra, Sanjay; Anderson, Ethan; Katunga, Lalage Adalaide (2014-02)Bitter Melon (Momordica charantia) is a widely used traditional remedy for hyperglycemia. While the medicinal properties of this plant have been studied extensively using in vitro and animal models, the clinical efficacy ... -
Race, insurance type, and stage of presentation among lung cancer patients
Efird, Jimmy T.; Landrine, Hope; Shiue, Kristin Y.; O'Neal, Wesley T.; Podder, Tarun; Rosenman, Julian G.; Biswas, Tithi (2014-12) -
Racial Differences in Survival among Hemodialysis Patients after Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting
Efird, Jimmy T.; O'Neal, Wesley T.; Bolin, Paul Jr.; Davies, Stephen W.; O'Neal, Jason B.; Anderson, Curtis A.; Ferguson, T. Bruce; Chitwood, W. Randolph; Kypson, Alan P. (2013-09)The aim of this study was to examine racial differences in long-term survival among hemodialysis patients after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). To our knowledge this has not been previously addressed in the literature. ... -
Residential Segregation and Overweight/Obesity Among African-American Adults: A Critical Review
Corral, Irma; Landrine, Hope; Hall, Marla B.; Bess, Jukelia J.; Mills, Kevin R.; Efird, Jimmy T. (2015-07)The relationship between residential segregation and overweight/obesity among African-American adults remains unclear. Elucidating that relationship is relevant to efforts to prevent and to reduce racial disparities in ... -
Risk-Adjusted Survival after Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: Implications for Quality Improvement
Efird, Jimmy T.; O'Neal, Wesley T.; Davies, Stephen W.; O'Neal, Jason B.; Kindell, Linda C.; Anderson, Curtis A.; Chitwood, W. Randolph; Ferguson, T. Bruce; Kypson, Alan P. (2014-07)Mortality represents an important outcome measure following coronary artery bypass grafting. Shorter survival times may reflect poor surgical quality and an increased number of costly postoperative complications. Quality ... -
Sinusoidal Cox Regression—A Rare Cancer Example
Efird, Jimmy T. (2010-11)Evidence of an association between survival time and date of birth would suggest an etiologic role for a seasonally variable environmental exposure occurring within a narrow perinatal time period. Risk factors that may ...