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HuR binds to a single site on the C/EBP - beta mRNA of 3T3-L1 Adipocytes
(East Carolina University, 2007-03-30)
HuR is a ligand for nuclear mRNAs containing adenylate-uridylate rich elements in the 3'- untranslated region. Once bound to the mRNA, HuR is recognized by adapter proteins which then facilitate nuclear export of the ...
Molecular mechanisms of TMEFF2 action in Prostate Cancer
(East Carolina University, 2013)
The transmembrane protein with epidermal growth factor and two follistatin motifs 2 (TMEFF2) is an evolutionarily conserved type I transmembrane protein expressed in the embryo and limited adult tissues, mainly the brain ...
The unique roles of IFE-1, a germline-specific isoform of eukaryotic translation factor 4E, during gametogenesis
(East Carolina University, 2009)
Fertility and embryonic viability are measures of efficient germ cell growth and differentiation. During oogenesis, spermatogenesis and embryogenesis cells initially proliferate then differentiate into specific tissues. New proteins are required for both cell growth and differentiation, requiring qualitative and quantitative changes in protein synthesis. During late gametogenesis and early embryogenesis the expression of the appropriate proteins is a primarily due to translational control. Translational control of mRNAs is mediated in part by eukaryotic initiation factor 4E (eIF4E). eIF4E binds the methylated 5' cap of mRNA and recruits it to the ribosome. The nematode worm C.elegans expresses five isoforms of eIF4E (termed IFE-1 through 5). IFE-1 is expressed primarily in the germline and is the only isoform that associates with P granules by binding directly to PGL-1. P granules are ribonucleoprotein particles (RNPs) that contain stored mRNAs and proteins needed for oogenesis and early embryogenesis. Using a strain that lacks IFE-1, I assessed the translational efficiency of maternal mRNAs bound and not bound to P granules by polysome fractionation. Translation of pos-1, pal-1, mex-1, oma-1, ced-4 and glp-1 mRNAs was inefficient in the ife-1 strain relative to wild type worms. GAPDH (gpd-3) mRNA translation was not affected. We also observed differences in the pattern of expression of the MEX-1 protein during oogenesis. In males, secondary spermatocytes failed to complete cytokinesis at 25°C in absence of IFE-1. Males deficient of IFE-1 therefore lacked mature sperm. In addition, ife-1 spermatocytes prematurely accumulated pro-apoptotic CED-4, homolog to mammalian Apaf-1, during spermatogenesis. In ife-1 worms fertility was decreased by 80% due to decreased viability of both oocytes and spermatocytes. Our data indicate two unique roles for eIF4E (IFE-1 isoform) in late oogenesis and spermatogenesis. We suggest that IFE-1 preferentially recruits regulated mRNAs at critical times during germ cell development. ...
Novel diagnostic and analytical applications of benchtop time-domain NMR.
(East Carolina University, 2015)
High-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a powerful technique, yet practical application outside of the research laboratory has been limited due to the high cost and complexity of the instrumentation. ...
THE ROLE OF N6-METHYLADENOSINE IN HYPOXIA AND CELLULAR TRANSFORMATION
(East Carolina University, 2017-11-29)
Cancer is a prevalent disease that affects millions of people each year across the globe. In an effort to find therapies to the many types of cancers, regulation of protein expression through transcription and translation ...
The Influence of Diet-Induced Obesity and N-3 Fatty Acids on the Cardiac Mitochondrial Phospholipidome and Respiratory Activity
(East Carolina University, 2017-08-16)
Cardiac mitochondrial phospholipids, notably cardiolipin (CL), regulate inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM) organization and protein function, particularly the enzymes associated with respiration. In a range of metabolic ...
Understanding the Molecular Mechanisms that Contribute to Parkinson’s Disease: Defining the Role of Ca2+ in TG2: α-synuclein Macromolecular Complex Assembly
(East Carolina University, 2018-12-10)
Transglutaminase 2 (TG2) is an allosteric enzyme ubiquitously expressed in human tissue. This versatile enzyme has both Ca2+ -dependent, transamidase and GTPase activities. TG2's Ca2+ -dependent transamidase activity is ...
DISCRIMINATING BETWEEN CARDIOLIPIN CONCENTRATION AND ACYL CHAIN COMPOSITION ON MEMBRANE BIOPHYSICAL ORGANIZATION
(East Carolina University, 2018-11-28)
The pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) is driven, in part, from impairment in myocardial energy metabolism. There is convincing evidence that myocardial metabolic abnormalities are fundamentally driven by ...
Docosahexaenoic acid-derived metabolites target the B-cell driven immune response in obese mice
(East Carolina University, 2019-06-07)
Obesity is associated with an impaired humoral immune response. As B cells mediate the humoral immune response, they are major cellular targets in diet induced obesity models. Several studies have established that B cell ...
The C-terminus of Troponin T Modulates Calcium Regulation of Actin-Myosin Interactions
(East Carolina University, 2019-05-02)
The highly conserved terminal fourteen C-terminal residues of troponin T play a novel role in the regulation of striated muscle contraction. Elimination of the terminal fourteen residues of the C-terminal region of troponin ...