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    Concurrent validity of skin carotenoid status as a concentration biomarker of vegetable and fruit intake compared to multiple 24-h recalls and plasma carotenoid concentrations across one year: a cohort study

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    Author
    Jahns, Lisa; Johnson, LuAnn K.; Conrad, Zach; Bukowski, Michael; Raatz, Susan K.; Pitts, Stephanie Jilcott; Wang, Youfa; Ermakov, Igor V.; Werner, Gellermann
    Abstract
    Background Biological markers of vegetable and fruit (VF) intake are needed both for nutrition surveillance and for the evaluation of nutrition interventions. Optically assessed skin carotenoid status (SCS) has been proposed as a marker of intake but there are few published validity studies to date. Therefore, the objective of the study was to examine the concurrent validity of multiple methods of assessing VF intake cross-sectionally and seasonally over one year and to discuss the relative merits and limitations of each method. Methods Fifty-two 40–60 y old women completed a 1-year longitudinal study that included 1) SCS assessment using resonance Raman spectroscopy (RRS) and using pressure-mediated reflection spectroscopy (RS) at 12 timepoints, 2) thirty-six 24-h recalls using the Automated Self-Administered 24-Hour Dietary Assessment Tool (ASA24; total 1866 recalls), and 3) plasma carotenoid concentrations measured every 3 months. Pearson correlation coefficients and mixed linear models were used to estimate pairwise correlations between RRS, RS, ASA24, and plasma carotenoids. Results RS and RRS were strongly correlated at baseline and over the year (r = 0.86 and 0.76; respectively, P < 0.001). RS was strongly correlated with plasma carotenoids at baseline (r = 0.70) and moderately across the year (r = 0.65), as was RRS (r = 0.77 and 0.69, respectively, all P < 0.001). At baseline, self-reported VF was weakly correlated with RRS (r = 0.33; P = 0.016), but not with RS or plasma carotenoids. Across the year, self-reported VF intake was weakly correlated with both RS (r = 0.37; P = 0.008), RRS (r = 0.37; P = 0.007), and with plasma carotenoids (r = 0.36; P < 0.008). Conclusions SCS as measured by RS and RRS is moderately to strongly correlated with plasma carotenoid concentrations both cross-sectionally and longitudinally, indicating that it can be a powerful tool to assess carotenoid-rich VF intake in populations.
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10342/7983
    Subject
    Resonance Raman spectroscopy; Reflection spectroscopy; Skin carotenoids; Biomarkers; Vegetables; Fruits; ASA24 Dietary Assessment Tool; Dietary intake; Women; Cohort study
    Date
    2019-10-30
    Citation:
    APA:
    Jahns, Lisa, & Johnson, LuAnn K., & Conrad, Zach, & Bukowski, Michael, & Raatz, Susan K., & Pitts, Stephanie Jilcott, & Wang, Youfa, & Ermakov, Igor V., & Werner, Gellermann. (October 2019). Concurrent validity of skin carotenoid status as a concentration biomarker of vegetable and fruit intake compared to multiple 24-h recalls and plasma carotenoid concentrations across one year: a cohort study. Nutrition Journal, (1-8. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10342/7983

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    MLA:
    Jahns, Lisa, and Johnson, LuAnn K., and Conrad, Zach, and Bukowski, Michael, and Raatz, Susan K., and Pitts, Stephanie Jilcott, and Wang, Youfa, and Ermakov, Igor V., and Werner, Gellermann. "Concurrent validity of skin carotenoid status as a concentration biomarker of vegetable and fruit intake compared to multiple 24-h recalls and plasma carotenoid concentrations across one year: a cohort study". Nutrition Journal. . (1-8.), October 2019. May 19, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10342/7983.
    Chicago:
    Jahns, Lisa and Johnson, LuAnn K. and Conrad, Zach and Bukowski, Michael and Raatz, Susan K. and Pitts, Stephanie Jilcott and Wang, Youfa and Ermakov, Igor V. and Werner, Gellermann, "Concurrent validity of skin carotenoid status as a concentration biomarker of vegetable and fruit intake compared to multiple 24-h recalls and plasma carotenoid concentrations across one year: a cohort study," Nutrition Journal 18, no. (October 2019), http://hdl.handle.net/10342/7983 (accessed May 19, 2022).
    AMA:
    Jahns, Lisa, Johnson, LuAnn K., Conrad, Zach, Bukowski, Michael, Raatz, Susan K., Pitts, Stephanie Jilcott, Wang, Youfa, Ermakov, Igor V., Werner, Gellermann. Concurrent validity of skin carotenoid status as a concentration biomarker of vegetable and fruit intake compared to multiple 24-h recalls and plasma carotenoid concentrations across one year: a cohort study. Nutrition Journal. October 2019; 18() 1-8. http://hdl.handle.net/10342/7983. Accessed May 19, 2022.
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