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    Understanding the Loss of Maternal Care in Avian Brood Parasites Using Preoptic Area Transcriptome Comparisons in Brood Parasitic and Non-parasitic Blackbirds

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    Author
    Lynch, Kathleen S.; O’Connell, Lauren A.; Louder, Matthew I. M.; Balakrishnan, Christopher N.; Fischer, Eva K.
    Abstract
    Parental care is critical for offspring survival in many species. However, parental behaviors have been lost in roughly 1% of avian species known as the obligate brood parasites. To shed light on molecular and neurobiological mechanisms mediating brood parasitic behavior, we compared brain gene expression patterns between two brood parasitic species and one closely related non-parasitic Icterid (blackbird) species. Our analyses focused on gene expression changes specifically in the preoptic area (POA), a brain region known to play a critical role in parental behavior across vertebrates. Using comparative transcriptomic approaches, we identified gene expression patterns associated with brood parasitism. We evaluated three non-mutually exclusive alternatives for the evolution of brood parasitism: (1) retention of juvenile-like (neotenic) gene expression, (2) reduced expression of maternal care-related genes in the POA, and/or (3) increased expression of genes inhibiting maternal care. We find evidence for neotenic expression patterns in both species of parasitic cowbirds as compared to maternal, non-parasites. In addition, we observed differential expression in a number of genes with previously established roles in mediating maternal care. Together, these results provide the first insight into transcriptomic and genetic mechanisms underlying the loss of maternal behavior in avian brood parasites.
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10342/8348
    Subject
    brood parasitism; maternal behavior; preoptic area; transcriptome; neoteny
    Date
    2019-02-13
    Citation:
    APA:
    Lynch, Kathleen S., & O’Connell, Lauren A., & Louder, Matthew I. M., & Balakrishnan, Christopher N., & Fischer, Eva K.. (February 2019). Understanding the Loss of Maternal Care in Avian Brood Parasites Using Preoptic Area Transcriptome Comparisons in Brood Parasitic and Non-parasitic Blackbirds. G3: GENES, GENOMES, GENETICS, (9:4), p.1075-1084. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10342/8348

    Display/Hide MLA, Chicago and APA citation formats.

    MLA:
    Lynch, Kathleen S., and O’Connell, Lauren A., and Louder, Matthew I. M., and Balakrishnan, Christopher N., and Fischer, Eva K.. "Understanding the Loss of Maternal Care in Avian Brood Parasites Using Preoptic Area Transcriptome Comparisons in Brood Parasitic and Non-parasitic Blackbirds". G3: GENES, GENOMES, GENETICS. 9:4. (1075-1084.), February 2019. April 18, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10342/8348.
    Chicago:
    Lynch, Kathleen S. and O’Connell, Lauren A. and Louder, Matthew I. M. and Balakrishnan, Christopher N. and Fischer, Eva K., "Understanding the Loss of Maternal Care in Avian Brood Parasites Using Preoptic Area Transcriptome Comparisons in Brood Parasitic and Non-parasitic Blackbirds," G3: GENES, GENOMES, GENETICS 9, no. 4 (February 2019), http://hdl.handle.net/10342/8348 (accessed April 18, 2021).
    AMA:
    Lynch, Kathleen S., O’Connell, Lauren A., Louder, Matthew I. M., Balakrishnan, Christopher N., Fischer, Eva K.. Understanding the Loss of Maternal Care in Avian Brood Parasites Using Preoptic Area Transcriptome Comparisons in Brood Parasitic and Non-parasitic Blackbirds. G3: GENES, GENOMES, GENETICS. February 2019; 9(4) 1075-1084. http://hdl.handle.net/10342/8348. Accessed April 18, 2021.
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