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    First Aid and Pre-Hospital Management of Venomous Snakebites

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    Author
    Parker-Cote, Jennifer; Meggs, William J.
    Abstract
    Background: Antivenom is the definitive treatment for venomous snakebites, but is expensive and not available in many rural and poorly developed regions. Timely transportation to facilities that stock and administer antivenom may not be available in rural areas with poorly developed emergency medical services. These factors have led to consideration of measures to delay onset of toxicity or alternatives to antivenom therapy. Methods: PubMed searches were conducted for articles on snakebite treatment, or that contained first aid, emergency medical services, tourniquets, pressure immobilization bandages, suction devices, and lymphatic flow inhibitors. Results: The reviewed articles describe how venoms spread after a venomous snakebite on an extremity, list the proposed first aid measures for delaying the spread of venoms, and evaluate the scientific studies that support or refute methods of snakebite first aid. The recommendations for field treatment of venomous snakebites will be discussed. Conclusions: The evidence suggests that pressure immobilization bandages and related strategies are the best interventions to delay onset of systemic toxicity from venomous snakebites but may increase local toxicity for venoms that destroy tissue at the site of the bite, so their use should be individualized to the circumstances and nature of the venom.
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10342/8492
    Subject
    snakebites; first aid; emergency medicine services; pressure immobilization bandages
    Date
    2018-04-24
    Citation:
    APA:
    Parker-Cote, Jennifer, & Meggs, William J.. (April 2018). First Aid and Pre-Hospital Management of Venomous Snakebites. Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease, (3:45), p.. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10342/8492

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    MLA:
    Parker-Cote, Jennifer, and Meggs, William J.. "First Aid and Pre-Hospital Management of Venomous Snakebites". Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease. 3:45. (.), April 2018. March 06, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10342/8492.
    Chicago:
    Parker-Cote, Jennifer and Meggs, William J., "First Aid and Pre-Hospital Management of Venomous Snakebites," Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease 3, no. 45 (April 2018), http://hdl.handle.net/10342/8492 (accessed March 06, 2021).
    AMA:
    Parker-Cote, Jennifer, Meggs, William J.. First Aid and Pre-Hospital Management of Venomous Snakebites. Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease. April 2018; 3(45) . http://hdl.handle.net/10342/8492. Accessed March 06, 2021.
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