A case study of occupational therapists serving military personnel: identifying therapeutic approaches to be considered when assessing the occupational performance of military service members with mild traumatic brain injury

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to explore the means by which occupational therapists experienced in assessing the occupational performance of military service members (MSMs) with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) utilize available assessment tools and techniques to conduct assessments with regards to the uniqueness of military culture. Qualitative data was collected through face-to-face and phone interviews with three occupational therapists who have experience working with MSMs with mild traumatic brain injury as a primary client base. Written follow up questionnaires were used to gather additional information, as needed, based on responses to semi-structured interview questions developed by the researcher to achieve information saturation. Interviews were recorded and transcribed using LiveScribe technology. Qualitative data analysis was conducted through review of interview transcriptions, which led to the development of seven notable themes including: Understanding Military Culture, Understanding Authority, The MSMs Work Roles, Understanding the Unimaginable, Assessing the Whole Person, Assessment Tools and Techniques, and Treating the Whole Person. Findings indicate there is a general consensus among participants that assessments currently available can be used to address occupational performance of military service members with mild traumatic brain injury; however, the approach used to carry out such assessments must address the uniqueness of military culture in order to achieve the greatest effectiveness and sensitivity. While it is understood within the profession that occupational therapists should be client-centered and culturally sensitive, the extent to which cultural differences should be attended to may be greater when assessing occupational performance of military service members because of the magnitude of unique cultural aspects.