High Levels of Diversity Uncovered in a Widespread Nominal Taxon: Continental Phylogeography of the Neotropical Tree Frog

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dc.contributor.authorGehara, Marcelo
dc.contributor.authorCrawford, Andrew J.
dc.contributor.authorOrrico, Victor G. D.
dc.contributor.authorRodrí­guez, Ariel
dc.contributor.authorLötters, Stefan
dc.contributor.authorFouquet, Antoine
dc.contributor.authorBarrientos, Lucas S.
dc.contributor.authorBrusquetti, Francisco
dc.contributor.authorDe la Riva, Ignacio
dc.contributor.authorErnst, Raffael
dc.contributor.authorUrrutia, Giuseppe Gagliardi
dc.contributor.authorGlaw, Frank
dc.contributor.authorGuayasamin, Juan M.
dc.contributor.authorHölting, Monique
dc.contributor.authorJansen, Martin
dc.contributor.authorKok, Philippe J. R.
dc.contributor.authorKwet, Axel
dc.contributor.authorLingnau, Rodrigo
dc.contributor.authorLyra, Mariana
dc.contributor.authorMoravec, Jiří
dc.contributor.authorPombal, José P.
dc.contributor.authorRojas-Runjaic, Fernando J. M.
dc.contributor.authorSchulze, Arne
dc.contributor.authorSeñaris, J. Celsa
dc.contributor.authorSolé, Mirco
dc.contributor.authorRodrigues, Miguel Trefaut
dc.contributor.authorTwomey, Evan
dc.contributor.authorHaddad, Celio F. B.
dc.contributor.authorVences, Miguel
dc.contributor.authorKöhler, Jörn
dc.date.accessioned2016-06-06T17:03:00Z
dc.date.available2016-06-06T17:03:00Z
dc.date.issued2014
dc.description.abstractSpecies distributed across vast continental areas and across major biomes provide unique model systems for studies of biotic diversification, yet also constitute daunting financial, logistic and political challenges for data collection across such regions. The tree frog Dendropsophus minutus (Anura: Hylidae) is a nominal species, continentally distributed in South America, that may represent a complex of multiple species, each with a more limited distribution. To understand the spatial pattern of molecular diversity throughout the range of this species complex, we obtained DNA sequence data from two mitochondrial genes, cytochrome oxidase I (COI) and the 16S rhibosomal gene (16S) for 407 samples of D. minutus and closely related species distributed across eleven countries, effectively comprising the entire range of the group. We performed phylogenetic and spatially explicit phylogeographic analyses to assess the genetic structure of lineages and infer ancestral areas. We found 43 statistically supported, deep mitochondrial lineages, several of which may represent currently unrecognized distinct species. One major clade, containing 25 divergent lineages, includes samples from the type locality of D. minutus. We defined that clade as the D. minutus complex. The remaining lineages together with the D. minutus complex constitute the D. minutus species group. Historical analyses support an Amazonian origin for the D. minutus species group with a subsequent dispersal to eastern Brazil where the D. minutus complex originated. According to our dataset, a total of eight mtDNA lineages have ranges >100,000 km2. One of them occupies an area of almost one million km2 encompassing multiple biomes. Our results, at a spatial scale and resolution unprecedented for a Neotropical vertebrate, confirm that widespread amphibian species occur in lowland South America, yet at the same time a large proportion of cryptic diversity still remains to be discovered.en_US
dc.identifier.citationPLoS ONE; 9:9 p. 1-12en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1371/journal.pone.0103958
dc.identifier.issn1932-6203
dc.identifier.pmidpmc4160190en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10342/5469
dc.relation.urihttp://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0103958en_US
dc.subjectPhylogeographyen_US
dc.subjectTaxonomyen_US
dc.subjectForestsen_US
dc.subjectMitochondriaen_US
dc.subjectBrazilen_US
dc.subjectCryptic speciationen_US
dc.subjectMitochondrial DNAen_US
dc.titleHigh Levels of Diversity Uncovered in a Widespread Nominal Taxon: Continental Phylogeography of the Neotropical Tree Frogen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
ecu.journal.issue9en_US
ecu.journal.namePLoS ONEen_US
ecu.journal.pages1-12en_US
ecu.journal.volume9en_US

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