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    American Ginseng Modifies 137Cs-Induced DNA Damage and Oxidative Stress in Human Lymphocytes

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    Author
    Lee, Tung-Kwang; O'Brien, Kevin F.; Wang, Weidong; Sheng, Chao; Wang, Tao; Johnke, Roberta M.; Allison, Ron R.
    Abstract
    The multifold bioactive medicinal properties of ginseng have been closely linked to its antioxidative ability, which is related to its ginsenoside content. Since the key mechanism of radiation-induced cell death and tissue damage is the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that attack cellular DNA, this study focuses on the impact of a standardized North American ginseng extract (NAGE) on 137Cs-induced oxidative stress in human peripheral lymphocytes (PBL) obtained from 10 healthy individuals (6M/4F), 42.7 ± 4.6 years of age. At two different time points (0 h and 24 h before irradiation), we applied NAGE (250 - 1000 µg ml-1) to mononuclear cell cultures for cytokinesisblock micronuclei (MN) assay and determination of the state of oxidative stress in PBL. We found that at both time points, NAGE significantly reduced the MN yields in PBL after irradiation (1 and 2 Gy) in a concentration-dependent manner (P<0.001). Compared with radiation alone, the maximum reduction rate of MN yield were 51.1% and 49.1% after 1 Gy and 2 Gy exposures, respectively. We also found that before irradiation the presence of NAGE in the culture medium resulted in a significant increased intracellular total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in PBL. At both time points, the increment of 137Cs-induced MN yields in PBL was positively correlated with the increment of intracellular ROS production (R = 0.6 - 0.7, P = 0.002), but negatively correlated with the reduction of TAC levels (R = -0.4 - 0.5, P = 0.02 - 0.004). However, the presence of NAGE in the culture medium significantly increased the TAC levels, while concomitantly decreasing both ROS production and MN yields in PBL (P<0.001). Our findings that NAGE is effective in protecting human PBL against radiation-induced oxidative stress should encourage further in vivo study of dietary supplementation with NAGE as an effective natural radiation countermeasure. Originally published Open Nuclear Medicine Journal Vol 1 No. 1, 2009.
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3037
    Subject
     DNA damage; Oxidative stress; Ginseng 
    Date
    2009-01-01
    Citation:
    APA:
    Lee, Tung-Kwang, & O'Brien, Kevin F., & Wang, Weidong, & Sheng, Chao, & Wang, Tao, & Johnke, Roberta M., & Allison, Ron R.. (January 2009). American Ginseng Modifies 137Cs-Induced DNA Damage and Oxidative Stress in Human Lymphocytes. Open Nuclear Medicine Journal, (1:1), p.1-8. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3037

    Display/Hide MLA, Chicago and APA citation formats.

    MLA:
    Lee, Tung-Kwang, and O'Brien, Kevin F., and Wang, Weidong, and Sheng, Chao, and Wang, Tao, and Johnke, Roberta M., and Allison, Ron R.. "American Ginseng Modifies 137Cs-Induced DNA Damage and Oxidative Stress in Human Lymphocytes". Open Nuclear Medicine Journal. 1:1. (1-8.), January 2009. August 10, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3037.
    Chicago:
    Lee, Tung-Kwang and O'Brien, Kevin F. and Wang, Weidong and Sheng, Chao and Wang, Tao and Johnke, Roberta M. and Allison, Ron R., "American Ginseng Modifies 137Cs-Induced DNA Damage and Oxidative Stress in Human Lymphocytes," Open Nuclear Medicine Journal 1, no. 1 (January 2009), http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3037 (accessed August 10, 2022).
    AMA:
    Lee, Tung-Kwang, O'Brien, Kevin F., Wang, Weidong, Sheng, Chao, Wang, Tao, Johnke, Roberta M., Allison, Ron R.. American Ginseng Modifies 137Cs-Induced DNA Damage and Oxidative Stress in Human Lymphocytes. Open Nuclear Medicine Journal. January 2009; 1(1) 1-8. http://hdl.handle.net/10342/3037. Accessed August 10, 2022.
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