Relative Contribution of the Stuttering Impact Scores of the OASES

Abstract

Stuttering is a communication disorder that includes a range of observable and unobservable behaviors. Beyond its ability to impede the effectiveness and efficiency of speech, the condition of stuttering is also associated with a number of factors that can potentially result in more global negative impacts. The purpose of this project was to design a series of studies, bridging the gaps between various findings and concepts, leading to a better understanding of the overall impact of stuttering on the individual. Study I explored co-existing developmental conditions in children who stutter in an attempt to identify factors that may place an additive contribution to impaired well-being. Results showed that children who stutter are at greater odds of experiencing co-existing developmental conditions, likely influencing impaired well-being. Study II utilized results from the first study to isolate children who stutter with and without co-existing developmental conditions, to allow for a more informed examination on impaired well-being. Results showed that children who stutter are at greater odds of suffering from issues beyond difficulties with communication, including increased worry, unhappiness, and social distress. Given the number of factors capable of contributing to stuttering’s impact on the individual, Study III was designed to determine if various aspects of the experience of stuttering, as reflected by the various sections of a commonly utilized comprehensive assessment tool, contribute differently towards the overall impact of the disorder. Results showed that pretreatment differences exist in contributors to the overall impact of stuttering. Additionally, pretreatment differences exist in contributors to the overall impact of stuttering as a function of age. This information is beneficial to researchers and clinicians alike in that it provides specific guidance as to what determines increased impact in children and adults who stutter. Future works should pursue clarification of these differences with an end goal of identifying and addressing barriers to positive outcomes while also identifying and nurturing facilitators to optimal stuttering management.