Technical Considerations and Cultural Context: Archaeological Management of Prehistoric and Historic Wooden Canoes

Abstract

Cultural resource managers often encounter historic and prehistoric wooden canoes during their field investigations or inventory processes. There is considerable variation in methods used by state entities and research teams to manage these vessels. Different techniques include, but are not limited to, in situ preservation, excavation, conservation, and museum exhibition. This thesis will examine and compare the various options and techniques employed in the management of wooden canoes, focusing mainly on case studies in southeastern North America. This investigation considers the pertinent laws, where applicable, specifically concerning canoes that are Native American-built. The choices of which methods are best used to manage and preserve in several past canoe projects are explored, and the technology employed by various teams to investigate these important cultural objects is examined. Along with technical reports, primary source materials are utilized, including early travel logs, accounts, and archival pictorial evidence. Interviews and surveys are also conducted and disseminated to shed light upon the cultural narratives of canoe builders and to gain insight into the processes followed by cultural resource managers. These first-hand accounts also detail the working relationships between Tribe members and archeologists for canoe preservation projects. In addition to these considerations, this study will investigate the social and historical context of these culturally significant canoes.