Perceived Health Status of Mothers in Homelessness with Implementation of Healthy Behavior Classes

Abstract

Background: Family and child homelessness in the United States has been increasing over the last three decades and continues to rise. People who have experienced homelessness often have poorer health than those who have not been displaced. There are few programs to improve the health while in homelessness. Methods: This IRB approved DNP project addressed the perceived health status of mothers experiencing homelessness. Cohorts of five mothers staying in a local homeless shelter were invited to participate in the four, weekly, “I CAN be Healthy” classes developed and led by a Family Nurse Practitioner. Class topics included: General Health, Cardiovascular Health, Emotional Health and Nutrition. Health perception and depression were evaluated at the initial and final class using the 4DSQ and SF-12 questionnaires. When depression was identified mothers’ were referred for mental health assistance. Results: On the SF-12 the homeless mothers had higher positive depression scores than the general population. The depression scores decreased after the four classes, yet remained higher compared to the general population. Two mothers were referred for mental health assistance. The 4DSQ questionnaire found that mothers’ depression, anxiety, somatization, and distress scores all decreased after the four evidence based implemented classes. Conclusions: As evident in the findings the format of the four “I CAN be Healthy” classes taught by a nurse practitioner, or nurse, can improve the health of mothers’ experiencing homelessness. Nurses and Nurse Practitioners can implement “I CAN be Healthy” classes to cohorts of mothers in more settings than just a homeless shelter.