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The Influence of Energy Expenditure on Mitochondrial Functions, Oxidative Stress and Insulin Resistance under Metabolic Oversupply Conditions
(East Carolina University, 2011)
Mitochondrial respiratory capacity and oxidative stress have been implicated in the development of insulin resistance (IR) and type II diabetes. A causative role of mitochondrial oxidative stress in the etiology of ...
Skeletal Muscle Forkhead Box 3A (FOXO3A) Response to Acute Resistance Exercise in Young and Old Men and Women : Relationship to Muscle Glycogen Content and 5'-AMP Activated Protein Kinase (AMPK) Activity
(East Carolina University, 2010)
In addition to suppressing protein synthesis, 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) stimulates muscle protein degradation through forkhead box transcription factor 3A (FOXO3A), known to promote transcription of mRNAs ...
Effects of Dietary Leucine Supplementation on Muscle Mass and Markers of Protein Degradation in Overloaded Skeletal Muscles of Young Adult and Aged Rats
(East Carolina University, 2011)
The hypertrophic response to overload in fast-twitch skeletal muscle is impaired in aged humans and rats, and upregulation of protein degradation pathways are hypothesized to be a contributing factor. Muscle growth occurs ...
EFFECTS OF A 16 WEEK PHYSICAL ACTIVITY INTERVENTION ON SERUM C-REACTIVE PROTEIN CONCENTRATIONS IN 8-11 YEAR OLD AFRICAN AMERICAN AND CAUCASIAN CHILDREN.
(East Carolina University, 2013)
C-reactive protein (CRP) is a non-specific marker of systemic inflammation that has been associated with heart disease, obesity, and metabolic disorders in adults and children. Previous physical activity interventions have ...
Effects of Insulin Sensitivity Modulators on the Mitochondrial Fate of Oxygen in Skeletal Muscle
(East Carolina University, 2010)
Increasingly, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are implicated in the development of insulin resistance. To test the hypothesis that modulators of insulin sensitivity (i.e., metformin, ovarian sex steroids and exercise training) ...
A single dose of metformin improves whole body insulin sensitivity and alters cellular redox state in skeletal muscle of Zucker fa/fa rats
(East Carolina University, 2010)
Energy balance is considered a fundamental requirement of life forms from single cell organisms to higher mammals such as humans. Unfortunately, our species has also discovered the detrimental metabolic responses to excess ...
Bioenergetics and Trophic Impacts of Invasive Indo-Pacific Lionfish
(East Carolina University, 2010)
Indo-Pacific lionfish, Pterois volitans and Pterois miles, are non-native marine fish with established populations in the western North Atlantic Ocean and Caribbean Sea. Rapid population growth threatens native fish ...
Regulation of Lipolysis By Perilipin : influence of Obesity and Exercise Training
(East Carolina University, 2010)
Obesity is the result of excess energy storage due to an imbalance between energy storage and energy utilization. Excess energy is stored as triacylglycerol (TAG) in adipose tissue in various regions throughout the body. ...
CaMKII Protein Expression and Phosphorylation in Mouse Skeletal Muscle Following Atrophy and Hypertrophy
(East Carolina University, 2012)
The maintenance of skeletal muscle mass is vital for life, and elucidation of the molecular mechanisms that control this process is a critical first step towards the development of pharmaceutical treatments for muscle ...
The role of cardiac mitochondria in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury
(East Carolina University, 2012)
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) exerts economic and humanitarian costs that are unparalleled by any other disease. Of the many etiologies of CVD, myocardial infarction accounts for over 50% of the associated mortality and ...