Browsing Dissertations by Author "Exercise and Sports Science"
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THE EFFECT OF CONTRACTILE ACTIVITY AND SUBSTRATE CHALLENGES ON METABOLIC FLEXIBILITY IN HUMAN PRIMARY MYOTUBES
Weber, Todd M. (East Carolina University, 2013)The skeletal muscle of severely obese individuals (BMI > 40 kg/m²) is characterized by a depressed ability to oxidize fatty acids and a failure to upregulate fatty acid oxidation (FAO) in response to increased lipid ... -
Effects of Insulin Sensitivity Modulators on the Mitochondrial Fate of Oxygen in Skeletal Muscle
Kane, Daniel A. (East Carolina University, 2010)Increasingly, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are implicated in the development of insulin resistance. To test the hypothesis that modulators of insulin sensitivity (i.e., metformin, ovarian sex steroids and exercise training) ... -
ESTABLISHMENT OF THE PYRUVATE DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX AS A CENTRAL REGULATOR OF MITOCHONDRIAL REDOX WITHIN SKELETAL MUSCLE
Fisher-Wellman, Kelsey H. (East Carolina University, 2013)Once regarded as "byproducts" of aerobic metabolism, the production of superoxide/H₂O₂ is now understood to be a highly specialized and extensively regulated process responsible for exerting control over a vast number of ... -
Measured Resting Energy Expenditure Using a Fixed Function Indirect Calorimeter in the Clinical Setting as a Predictor of Success with Weight Change in an Obese Pediatric Population
Henes, Sarah T. (East Carolina University, 2010)The American Dietetic Association (ADA) standard of care for obese adults utilizes indirect calorimetry for calculating caloric targets for weight loss (1). Even though rates appear to be leveling off (2), childhood obesity ... -
Metabolic Inflexibility in Response to Lipid Oversupply with Obesity: Epigenetic Modifications Play a Role
Maples, Jill M. (East Carolina University, 2013)The ability to adjust substrate oxidation according to nutrient availability has been termed `metabolic flexibility' and is a critical factor in overall metabolic health. In respect to fatty acid oxidation (FAO) metabolic ... -
Modulation of IKKβ with AMPK Improves Insulin Sensitivity in Skeletal Muscle
Bikman, Benjamin Thomas (East Carolina University, 2008-11)Activation of the insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1 is necessary for proper transduction of the insulin signal. IRS-1 serine312(human)/307(rodent) phosphorylation, however, results in disruption of this signal and subsequent ... -
NOVEL MECHANISMS GOVERNING SKELETAL MUSCLE MITOCHONDRIAL BIOENERGETICS : OXPHOS EFFICIENCY AND cAMP/PKA SIGNALING
Lark, Daniel Stephen (East Carolina University, 2014)Understanding the regulation of cellular metabolism is paramount to treating the growing prevalence of metabolic disease worldwide. In cellular metabolism, mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) plays a key role ... -
The Region Specific Influence of Estradiol on In-Vivo Lipolysis in Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue in Overweight-to-Moderately-Obese Premenopausal Women
Gavin, Kathleen M. (East Carolina University, 2012)Premenopausal women demonstrate preferential accumulation of adiposity in the gynoid region, a distribution which shifts towards the abdominal region after the menopausal transition. Although estrogen is implicated as a ... -
Regulation of Lipolysis By Perilipin : influence of Obesity and Exercise Training
Johnson, Emily Ann (East Carolina University, 2010)Obesity is the result of excess energy storage due to an imbalance between energy storage and energy utilization. Excess energy is stored as triacylglycerol (TAG) in adipose tissue in various regions throughout the body. ...