Browsing Open Access by Title
Now showing items 839-858 of 866
-
Validation of food store environment secondary data source and the role of neighborhood deprivation in Appalachia, Kentucky
(2012-08-22)Background Based on the need for better measurement of the retail food environment in rural settings and to examine how deprivation may be unique in rural settings, the aims of this study were: 1) to validate one commercially ... -
Validity and reliability of telephone administration of the patient-specific functional scale for the assessment of recovery from snakebite envenomation
(2019-12-13)Objectives: Although more than 1.8 million people survive snakebite envenomation each year, their recovery is understudied. Obtaining long-term follow-up is challenging in both high- and low-resource settings. The ... -
The validity, reliability and minimal clinically important difference of the patient specific functional scale in snake envenomation
(2019-03-05)Objective: Valid, reliable, and clinically relevant outcome measures are necessary in clinical studies of snake envenomation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychometric (validity and reliability) and clinimetric ... -
The variability of song variability in zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata) populations
(2019-05-15)Birdsong is a classic example of a learned social behaviour. Song behaviour is also influenced by genetic factors, and understanding the relative contributions of genetic and environmental influences remains a major goal. ... -
Variation in female aggression in 2 three-spined stickleback populations with female throat and spine coloration
(2018-03-07)Despite growing interest in female ornament evolution, we still have a rudimentary understanding of female display traits relative to similar traits in males. Under one popular adaptive scenario, fe- male ornaments are ... -
Variation in pigmentation gene expression is associated with distinct aposematic color morphs in the poison frog Dendrobates auratus
(2019-04-18)Background: Color and pattern phenotypes have clear implications for survival and reproduction in many species. However, the mechanisms that produce this coloration are still poorly characterized, especially at the genomic ... -
Vascular tissue contractility changes following late gestational exposure to multi-walled carbon nanotubes or their dispersing vehicle in Sprague Dawley rats
(2014-04-20)Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are increasingly used in industry and in nanomedicine raising safety concerns, especially during unique life-stages such as pregnancy. We hypothesized that MWCNT exposure during ... -
VASP activation via the Gα13/RhoA/PKA pathway mediates cucurbitacin-B-induced actin aggregation and cofilin-actin rod formation
(2014-04-01)Cucurbitacin B (CuB), a potent antineoplastic agent of cucurbitacin triterpenoids, induces rapid disruption of actin cytoskeleton and aberrant cell cycle inhibiting carcinogenesis. However, the underlying molecular mechanism ... -
Vegetarian Diets in the Prevention and Management of Diabetes and Its Complications
(2017-05)Epidemiological studies have found a lower prevalence of type 2 diabetes among vegetarians compared to nonvegetarians. This reduced risk is likely a function of improved weight status, higher intake of dietary fiber, and ... -
Venous varices of the heart: a case report of spontaneous coronary sinus thrombosis with persistent left superior vena cava
(2018-08-16)Absence of coronary sinus (CS) ostium and presence of a persistent superior left vena cava (PLSVC) are rare congenital anomalies.1 We report a case of spontaneous CS thrombosis with PLSVC associated with new-onset atrial ... -
Veterans health administration hepatitis B testing and treatment with anti-CD20 antibody administration
(2016-05-21)AIM: To evaluate pretreatment hepatitis B virus (HBV) testing, vaccination, and antiviral treatment rates in Veterans Affairs patients receiving anti-CD20 Ab for quality improvement. METHODS: We performed a retrospective ... -
Voluntary Restoration: Mitigation's Silent Partner in the Quest to Reverse Coastal Wetland Loss in the USA
(2019-08-28)Coastal ecosystems are under pressure from a vast array of anthropogenic stressors, including development and climate change, resulting in significant habitat losses globally. Conservation policies are often implemented ... -
Voluntary stuttering suppresses true stuttering: A window on the speech perception–production link
(2004-02)In accord with a proposed innate link between speech perception and production (e.g., motor theory), this study provides compelling evidence for the inhibition of stuttering events in people who stutter prior to the ... -
WalkMore: A randomized controlled trial of pedometer-based interventions differing on intensity messages
(2014-02-15)Pedometer-based programs have elicited increased walking behaviors associated with improvements in blood pressure in sedentary/low active postmenopausal women, a population at increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Such ... -
Water T2 as an early, global and practical biomarker for metabolic syndrome: an observational cross-sectional study
(2017-12-19)Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a highly prevalent condition that identifies individuals at risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Prevention of these diseases relies on ... -
A Waterfront View of Coastal Hazards: Contextualizing Relationships among Geographic Exposure, Shoreline Type, and Hazard Concerns among Coastal Residents
(2019-11-26)Coastal communities exist on the front lines of diverse natural hazards and the growing impacts of climate change. While traditional strategies for dealing with coastal hazards have often involved the hardening or armoring ... -
Weight-loss and exercise for communities with arthritis in North Carolina (we-can): design and rationale of a pragmatic, assessor-blinded, randomized controlled trial
(2017-02-22)Background: Recently, we determined that in a rigorously monitored environment an intensive diet-induced weight loss of 10% combined with exercise was significantly more effective at reducing pain in men and women with ... -
Wetland management strategies lead to tradeoffs in ecological structure and function
(2018-02-06)Anthropogenic legacy effects often occur as a consequence of land use change or land management and can leave behind long-lasting changes to ecosystem structure and function. This legacy is described as a memory in the ... -
What Do Program Directors Look for in an Applicant?
(2019-05-01)Program directors (PDs) are faced with an increasing number of applicants to emergency medicine (EM) and a limited number of positions. This article will provide candidates with insight to what PDs look for in an applicant. ... -
What factors influence older people’s intention to enrol in nursing homes? A cross-sectional observational study in Shanghai, China
(2018-09-05)Objectives Given the increasing need of long-term care and the low occupancy rate of nursing homes in Shanghai, this study attempts to explore what factors influence older people’s intention to enrol in nursing homes. Design ...