Browsing Physiology by Title
Now showing items 15-34 of 80
-
Cardioprotective mechanisms targeting thiol redox homeostasis and mitochondrial bioenergetics
(East Carolina University, 2016-05-03)Coronary heart disease is a leading cause of death in the United States, totaled mostly by deaths associated with myocardial infarction and fatal ventricular arrhythmias. The inability to predict the occurrence of these ... -
Cardiovascular Outcomes Following Xenobiotic Pulmonary Exposures
(East Carolina University, 2017-07-06)Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of mortality in the developed world. Over the past decades, investigations have demonstrated that pulmonary exposure to xenobiotic particulate matter promotes and exacerbates ... -
Changes in the Circadian Rhythm in Patients with Primary Glaucoma
(2013)Purpose The current study was undertaken to investigate whether glaucoma affects the sleep quality and whether there is any difference between patients with primary glaucoma (primary open angle glaucoma, POAG and primary ... -
Circadian activation of mast cells mediates the nocturnal response in allergic asthma
(East Carolina University, 2010)Circadian rhythm is a conserved physiological feature of most organisms. Nocturnal symptoms are a common feature of allergic asthma in humans. Patients with nocturnal asthma show circadian variation of their pulmonary ... -
Circadian influences on myocardial infarction
(2014-10-30)Components of circadian rhythm maintenance, or “clock genes,” are endogenous entrainable oscillations of about 24 h that regulate biological processes and are found in the suprachaismatic nucleus (SCN) and many peripheral ... -
Contractile activity restores insulin responsiveness in skeletal muscle of obese Zucker rats.
(East Carolina University, 1993-01-15)Both insulin and contraction stimulate glucose transport in skeletal muscle. Insulin-stimulated glucose transport is decreased in obese humans and rats. The aims of this study were (1) to determine if contraction-stimulated ... -
Control of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Growth by Connexin 43
(2012-06)Connexin 43 (Cx43), the principal gap junction protein in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), regulates movement of ions and other signaling molecules through gap junction intercellular communication (GJIC) and plays ... -
Coronary Artery Ligation and Intramyocardial Injection in a Murine Model of Infarction
(2011)Mouse models are a valuable tool for studying acute injury and chronic remodeling of the myocardium in vivo. With the advent of genetic modifications to the whole organism or the myocardium and an array of biological and/or ... -
The cyclic GMP modulators YC-1 and zaprinast reduce vessel remodeling through anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects
(East Carolina University, 2009-06)Guanosine-specific cyclic nucleotide signaling is suggested to serve protective actions in the vasculature; however, the influence of selective pharmacologic modulation of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (GMP)-synthesizing ... -
Deletion of the EphA2 receptor exacerbates myocardial injury and the progression of ischemic cardiomyopathy
(2014-04)EphrinA1-EphA-receptor signaling is protective during myocardial infarction (MI). The EphA2-receptor (EphA2-R) potentially mediates cardiomyocyte survival. To determine the role of the EphA2-R in acute non-reperfused ... -
DINITROBENZENES STIMULATE ELECTRON FLUX WITHIN NEURONAL NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE IN THE ABSENCE OF CALMODULIN
(2011)Efficient electron transfer and conversion of L-arginine to L-citrulline and nitric oxide (NO●) by neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) requires calmodulin (CaM) binding. The present study focused on electron transfer ... -
The effect of fasting on the activation in vivo of the insulin receptor kinase.
(East Carolina University, 1990-02-01)Fasting causes insulin resistance in liver and fat, and increases insulin sensitivity in muscle. We studied the response in vitro and in vivo to insulin of the insulin receptor tyrosine kinase in muscle and liver from 72 ... -
Effects of Aerobic Capacity Phenotype on Adaptive Responses to Ischemic Stress
(East Carolina University, 2009)Ischemic disease leads to increased tissue stress by decreasing supply of nutrients adequate to meet energy demands. To maintain functionality, compensatory mechanisms for diminished vascular supply are induced by numerous ... -
Enhanced Mitochondrial Superoxide Scavenging Does Not Improve Muscle Insulin Action in the High Fat-Fed Mouse
(2015-05)Improving mitochondrial oxidant scavenging may be a viable strategy for the treatment of insulin resistance and diabetes. Mice overexpressing the mitochondrial matrix isoform of superoxide dismutase (sod2tg mice) and/or ... -
EphA2-receptor deficiency exacerbates myocardial infarction and reduces survival in hyperglycemic mice
(2014-08)Background We have previously shown that EphrinA1/EphA expression profile changes in response to myocardial infarction (MI), exogenous EphrinA1-Fc administration following MI positively influences wound healing, and ... -
Essential role of proteasomes in maintaining self-renewal in neural progenitor cells
(2016-01)Protein turnover and homeostasis are regulated by the proteasomal system, which is critical for cell function and viability. Pluripotency of stem cells also relies on normal proteasomal activity that mitigates senescent ... -
Expansion of cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury after instillation of three forms of multi-walled carbon nanotubes
(2012)Background The exceptional physical-chemical properties of carbon nanotubes have lead to their use in diverse commercial and biomedical applications. However, their utilization has raised concerns about human exposure ... -
Hypoxic Conditioned Medium from Rat Cerebral Cortical Cells Enhances the Proliferation and Differentiation of Neural Stem Cells Mainly through PI3-K/Akt Pathways
(2014)Purpose To investigate the effects of hypoxic conditioned media from rat cerebral cortical cells on the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs) in vitro, and to study the roles of PI3-K/Akt and JNK ... -
Identification of cytosolic phosphodiesterases in the erythrocyte: A possible role for PDE5
(2011)Background Within erythrocytes (RBCs), cAMP levels are regulated by phosphodiesterases (PDEs). Increases in cAMP and ATP release associated with activation of β-adrenergic receptors (βARs) and prostacyclin receptors ... -
Identification, cloning and functional characterization of novel beta-defensins in the rat (Rattus norvegicus)
(East Carolina University, 2006-02-04)Background beta-defensins are small cationic peptides that exhibit broad spectrum antimicrobial properties. The majority of beta-defensins identified in humans are predominantly expressed in the male reproductive tract ...