Browsing Open Access by Title
Now showing items 710-729 of 866
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The Role of Retinoic Acid (RA) in Spermatogonial Differentiation
(2016)Retinoic acid (RA) directs the sequential, but distinct, programs of spermatogonial differentiation and meiotic differentiation that are both essential for the generation of functional spermatozoa. These processes are ... -
Roles of GSK-3 and microRNAs on epithelial mesenchymal transition and cancer stem cells
(2017-02)Various signaling pathways exert critical roles in the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer stem cells (CSCs). The Wnt/beta-catenin, PI3K/PTEN/ Akt/mTORC, Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK, hedgehog (Hh), Notch and TP53 ... -
Roles of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) in human cancer
(2014-02-01)Cancer remains one of the major cause of death in the Western world. Although, it has been demonstrated that new therapies can improve the outcome of cancer patients, still many patients relapse after treatment. Therefore, ... -
Root parasitic plant Orobanche aegyptiaca and shoot parasitic plant Cuscuta australis obtained Brassicaceae-specific strictosidine synthase-like genes by horizontal gene transfer
(2014)Background Besides gene duplication and de novo gene generation, horizontal gene transfer (HGT) is another important way of acquiring new genes. HGT may endow the recipients with novel phenotypic traits that are important ... -
Route activity tracking and management using available technology
(2012)Small organizations that maintain their own fleet and make their own deliveries are responsible for ensuring their drivers are utilizing the most efficient routes while delivering products to their customers. Furthermore, ... -
Sarcoidosis activates diverse transcriptional programs in bronchoalveolar lavage cells
(2016-07)Background: Sarcoidosis is a multisystem immuno-inflammatory disorder of unknown etiology that most commonly involves the lungs. We hypothesized that an unbiased approach to identify pathways activated in bronchoalveolar ... -
The scale and evolutionary significance of horizontal gene transfer in the choanoflagellate Monosiga brevicollis
(2013-10)It is generally agreed that horizontal gene transfer (HGT) is common in phagotrophic protists. However, the overall scale of HGT and the cumulative impact of acquired genes on the evolution of these organisms remain largely ... -
Scholarly publishing depends on peer reviewers
(2018-03-29)The peer-review crisis is posing a risk to the scholarly peer-reviewed journal system. Journals have to ask many potential peer reviewers to obtain a minimum acceptable number of peers accepting reviewing a manuscript. ... -
Sclerosing Mesenteritis: A Rare Cause of Small Bowel Obstruction
(2016)Sclerosing mesenteritis falls within a spectrum of primary idiopathic inflammatory and fibrotic processes that affect the mesentery. The exact etiology has not been determined, although the following associations have ... -
Sclerosing Mesenteritis: A Rare Cause of Small Bowel Obstruction
(2016)Sclerosing mesenteritis falls within a spectrum of primary idiopathic inflammatory and fibrotic processes that affect the mesentery. The exact etiology has not been determined, although the following associations have been ... -
Seasonal Changes of Extremes in Isolated and Mesoscale Precipitation for the Southeastern United States
(2018-08-09)The association between instantaneous extreme precipitation and mesoscale organization over the southeastern United States is not well known. This study addresses whether isolated precipitation features have a distinct ... -
Seasonal home range dynamics and sex dierences in habitat use in a threatened, coastal marsh bird
(2017-02)A comprehensive understanding of spatiotemporal ecology is needed to develop con- servation strategies for declining species. The king rail (Rallus elegans) is a secretive marsh bird whose range historically extended across ... -
Sediment Cores from White Pond, South Carolina, contain a Platinum Anomaly, Pyrogenic Carbon Peak, and Coprophilous Spore Decline at 12.8 ka
(2019-09-27)A widespread platinum (Pt) anomaly was recently documented in Greenland ice and 11 North American sedimentary sequences at the onset of the Younger Dryas (YD) event (~12,800 cal yr BP), consistent with the YD Impact ... -
Selection of reliable reference genes in caenorhabditis elegans for analysis of nanotoxicity
(2012-03-15)Despite rapid development and application of a wide range of manufactured metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs), the understanding of potential risks of using NPs is less completed, especially at the molecular level. The nematode ... -
Self-similarity and non-Markovian behavior in traded stock volumes
(2015)The volume traded daily for 17 stocks is followed over a period of about half a century. We look at the volume of stocks traded in a certain time interval (day, week, month) and analyze how long that traded volume keeps ... -
Sensor Selection to Improve Estimates of Particulate Matter Concentration from a Low-Cost Network
(2018-09-08)Deployment of low-cost sensors in the field is increasingly popular. However, each sensor requires on-site calibration to increase the accuracy of the measurements. We established a laboratory method, the Average Slope ... -
Separation and Analysis of Aspirin and Metformin HCl Using Green Subcritical Water Chromatography
(2018-09-05)Organic solvents are widely used in pharmaceutical and chemical industry for chromatographic separations. In recent years, subcritical water chromatography (SBWC) has shown ability in replacing hazardous organic solvents ... -
Sex ratios at birth vary with environmental harshness but not maternal condition
(2019-06-21)The sex ratio at birth (SRB) may be patterned by maternal condition and/or environmental stressors. However, despite decades of research, empirical results from across the social and biological sciences are equivocal on ... -
Sex, not gender. A plea for accuracy
(2019-09-24)