Browsing Physiology by Title
Now showing items 1-20 of 80
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Acidosis Activated GPR68 Promotes Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Growth
(East Carolina University, 2020-12-17)Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the primary cause of death in the United States and worldwide. Localized extracellular acidosis has been theorized as a possible contributor to CVD pathogenesis, but its precise impact remains ... -
Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase inhibits vascular smooth muscle growth associated with vasculoproliferative disorders
(East Carolina University, 2013)Vascular growth disorders are the major contributing factor to cardiovascular disease, the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Aberrant vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) growth is a primary etiology ... -
Allopurinol improves myocardial reperfusion injury in a xanthine oxidase-free model
(East Carolina University, 1995-07)The ability of allopurinol to protect against reperfusion injury in the heart has usually been attributed to its xanthine oxidase (XO)- inhibiting properties. Human myocardium how- ever, has exhibited low levels of XO ... -
Alveolar macrophage priming by intravenous administration of chitin particles, polymers of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, in mice
(East Carolina University, 1997-03)Intravenous (i.v.) administration of phagocytosable chitin particles (1 to 10 mm) in C57BL/6 mice and SCID mice primed alveolar macrophages (Mf) within 3 days to yield up to a 50-fold increase in their oxidative burst when ... -
Amyloid-beta peptide A beta p3-42 affects early aggregation of full-length A beta 1-42
(East Carolina University, 2009-05)The major amyloid beta (Aβ) peptides found in the brain of familial and late onset Alzheimer’s disease include the full-length Aβ1-42 and N-terminally truncated, pyroglutamylated peptides Aβp3-42 and Aβp11-42. The ... -
Anatomical-Molecular Distribution of EphrinA1 in Infarcted Mouse Heart Using MALDI Mass Spectrometry Imaging
(2018-01-05)EphrinA1 is a tyrosine kinase receptor localized in the cellular membrane of healthy cardiomyocytes, the expression of which is lost upon myocardial infarction (MI). Intra-cardiac injection of the recombinant form of ... -
Anti-growth properties of BAY 41-2272 in vascular smooth muscle cells
(East Carolina University, 2009-02)Vascular smooth muscle (VSM) growth is integral in the pathophysiology of blood vessel diseases, and identifying approaches that have capacity to regulate VSM growth is critically essential. Cyclic nucleotide signaling has ... -
Apparatus and method for measuring physiological characteristics of an intact trachea in vitro
(2011-03-15)Apparatus and methods for measuring smooth muscles responses (relaxation and contraction), transepithelial potential difference, and/or transepithelial impedance of an intact trachea in vitro. In particular embodiments, ... -
Arginase Promotes Neointima Formation in Rat Injured Carotid Arteries
(East Carolina University, 2009-04)Objective—Arginase stimulates the proliferation of cultured vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs); however, the influence of arginase on VSMC growth in vivo is not known. This study investigated the impact of arginase on ... -
Augmented coronary vascular smooth muscle response to endothelin-1 exacerbates cardiac injury following pulmonary exposure to engineered nanomaterials
(East Carolina University, 2014)Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) and 60-carbon fullerenes (C60) are important engineered nanoparticles (ENP) used across industry. Exposure to ENP potentially promotes cardiovascular detriments. The hypotheses that ... -
The “Goldilocks Zone� from a redox perspective—Adaptive vs. deleterious responses to oxidative stress in striated muscle
(2014-09)Consequences of oxidative stress may be beneficial or detrimental in physiological systems. An organ system's position on the “hormetic curve” is governed by the source and temporality of reactive oxygen species (ROS) ... -
Biomarkers of Disease and Treatment in Murine and Cynomolgus Models of Chronic Asthma
(2012)Background Biomarkers facilitate early detection of disease and measurement of therapeutic efficacy, both at clinical and experimental levels. Recent advances in analytics and disease models allow comprehensive screening ... -
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor and neurotrophin receptors modulate glutamate-induced phase shifts of the suprachiasmatic nucleus
(East Carolina University, 2006-08)Light information reaches the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) through a subpopulation of retinal ganglion cells. Previous work raised the possibility that brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its high-affinity ... -
A broader view of animal research
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Cardioprotective mechanisms targeting thiol redox homeostasis and mitochondrial bioenergetics
(East Carolina University, 2016-05-03)Coronary heart disease is a leading cause of death in the United States, totaled mostly by deaths associated with myocardial infarction and fatal ventricular arrhythmias. The inability to predict the occurrence of these ... -
Cardiovascular Outcomes Following Xenobiotic Pulmonary Exposures
(East Carolina University, 2017-07-06)Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of mortality in the developed world. Over the past decades, investigations have demonstrated that pulmonary exposure to xenobiotic particulate matter promotes and exacerbates ... -
Changes in the Circadian Rhythm in Patients with Primary Glaucoma
(2013)Purpose The current study was undertaken to investigate whether glaucoma affects the sleep quality and whether there is any difference between patients with primary glaucoma (primary open angle glaucoma, POAG and primary ... -
Circadian activation of mast cells mediates the nocturnal response in allergic asthma
(East Carolina University, 2010)Circadian rhythm is a conserved physiological feature of most organisms. Nocturnal symptoms are a common feature of allergic asthma in humans. Patients with nocturnal asthma show circadian variation of their pulmonary ... -
Circadian influences on myocardial infarction
(2014-10-30)Components of circadian rhythm maintenance, or “clock genes,” are endogenous entrainable oscillations of about 24 h that regulate biological processes and are found in the suprachaismatic nucleus (SCN) and many peripheral ... -
Contractile activity restores insulin responsiveness in skeletal muscle of obese Zucker rats.
(East Carolina University, 1993-01-15)Both insulin and contraction stimulate glucose transport in skeletal muscle. Insulin-stimulated glucose transport is decreased in obese humans and rats. The aims of this study were (1) to determine if contraction-stimulated ...